scholarly journals Knowledge and practices regarding malaria and the National Treatment Guidelines among public health workers in Equatorial Guinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Blanco ◽  
Pablo Suárez-Sanchez ◽  
Belén García ◽  
Jesús Nzang ◽  
Policarpo Ncogo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Malaria Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Equatorial Guinea ◽  
Public Health Facilities ◽  
Health Centres

Abstract Background In 2018, an estimated 228 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide. Countries are far from having achieved reasonable levels of national protocol compliance among health workers. Lack of awareness of treatment protocols and treatment resistance by prescribers threatens to undermine progress when it comes to reducing the prevalence of this disease. This study sought to evaluate the degree of knowledge and practices regarding malaria diagnosis and treatment amongst prescribers working at the public health facilities of Bata, Equatorial Guinea. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in October-December 2017 amongst all public health professionals who attended patients under the age of 15 years, with suspected malaria in the Bata District of Equatorial Guinea. Practitioners were asked about their practices and knowledge of malaria and the National Malaria Treatment Guidelines. A bivariate analysis and a logistic regression model were used to determine factors associated with their knowledge. Results Among the 44 practitioners interviewed, 59.1% worked at a Health Centre and 40.9% at the District Hospital of Bata. Important differences in knowledge and practices between hospital and health centre workers were found. Clinical diagnosis was more frequently by practitioners at the health centres (p = 0.059), while microscopy confirmation was more frequent at regional hospital (100%). Intramuscular artemether was the anti-malarial most administrated at the health centres (50.0%), while artemether-lumefantrine was the treatment most used at the regional hospital (66.7%). Most practitioners working at public health facilities (63.6%) have a low level of knowledge regarding the National Malaria Treatment Guidelines. While knowledge regarding malaria, the National Malaria Treatment Guidelines and treatment resistances is low, it was higher amongst hospital workers than amongst practitioners at health centres. Conclusions It is essential to reinforce practitioners’ knowledge, treatment and diagnosis practices and use of the National Malaria Treatment Guidelines in order to improve malaria case management and disease control in the region. A specific malaria training programme ensuring ongoing updates training is necessary in order to ensure that greater experience does not entail obsolete knowledge and, consequently, inadequate diagnosis and treatment practices.

scholarly journals Does Motivation Contribute on Health Care Provision?

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Landa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Working Condition ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Social Security Fund ◽  
Customer Care ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Security Fund

This study aimed to examine the contribution of employee motivation on provision of customer care in public health centres, in Morogoro Municipality. Data were collected from four selected public health institutions namely Morogoro General Hospital, Nunge Health Centre, Mafiga Health Centre and Kingolwila Health Centre respectively. The sample of 124 respondents were used, that is; employees and heads of the health centres. Collected data were coded using SPSS, where frequencies, percentages and chi-square were employed. The study identified that career development, training, appreciation, recognition, membership to the Social Security Fund, team work, working condition, paid leave, housing allowances and acting allowance were, the motivation schemes provided to public health employees. However public health workers are motivated by being a member on social security fund, medical cover, supervision, and job security. The result shows that there is significant difference between the employee who are motivated and those who are not motivated with regard to their provision of customer care to patients. The study concludes that most of the employees are not motivated by the existing motivation schemes which consequences lower their ability to provide the appropriate health services. The study recommends that strategies for improving motivation of employee to improve customer care include increase salary, improve working condition, pay housing allowance to all employees, allowance such as leave, overtime should be paid on time, promotion should be made in appropriate time and fair.

scholarly journals Understanding equity of institutional delivery in public health centre by level of care in India: an assessment using benefit incidence analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay K. Mohanty ◽  
Radhe Shyam Mishra ◽  
Suyash Mishra ◽  
Soumendu Sen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Institutional Delivery ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Level Of Care ◽  
Public Subsidy ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Incidence Analysis

Abstract Background The National Health Mission (NHM), the largest ever publicly funded health programme worldwide, used over half of the national health budget in India and primarily aimed to improve maternal and child health in the country. Though large scale public health investment has improved the health care utilization and health outcomes across states and socio-economic groups in India, little is known on the equity concern of NHM. In this context, this paper examines the utilization pattern and net benefit of public subsidy for institutional delivery by the level of care in India. Methods Data from the most recent round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4), conducted during 2015–16, was used in the study. A total of 148,645 last birth delivered in a health centre during the 5 years preceding the survey were used for the analyses. Out-of-pocket (OOP) payment on delivery care was taken as the dependent variable and was analysed by primary care and secondary level of care. Benefits Incidence Analysis (BIA), descriptive statistics, concentration index (CI), and concentration curve (CC) were used to do the analysis. Results Institutional delivery from the public health centres in India is pro-poor and has a strong economic gradient. However, about 28% mothers from richest wealth quintile did not pay for delivery in public health centres compared to 16% among the poorest wealth quintile. Benefit incidence analyses suggests a pro-poor distribution of institutional delivery both at primary and secondary level of care. In 2015–16, at the primary level, about 32.29% of subsidies were used by the poorest, 27.22% by poorer, 20.39% by middle, 13.36% by richer and 6.73% by the richest wealth quintile. The pattern at the secondary level was similar, though the magnitude was lower. The concentration index of institutional delivery in public health centres was − 0.161 [95% CI, − 0.158, − 0.165] compared to 0.296 [95% CI, 0.289, 0.303] from private health centres. Conclusion Provision and use of public subsidy for institutional delivery in public health centres is pro-poor in India. Improving the quality of service in primary health centres is recommended to increase utilisation and reduce OOP payment for health care in India.

scholarly journals An update on novel approaches for diagnosis and treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azadeh Safarchi ◽  
Shadma Fatima ◽  
Zahra Ayati ◽  
Fatemeh Vafaee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Frontline Health Workers ◽  
Novel Approaches ◽  
Cost Efficient

AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has made a serious public health and economic crisis worldwide which united global efforts to develop rapid, precise, and cost-efficient diagnostics, vaccines, and therapeutics. Numerous multi-disciplinary studies and techniques have been designed to investigate and develop various approaches to help frontline health workers, policymakers, and populations to overcome the disease. While these techniques have been reviewed within individual disciplines, it is now timely to provide a cross-disciplinary overview of novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches summarizing complementary efforts across multiple fields of research and technology. Accordingly, we reviewed and summarized various advanced novel approaches used for diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 to help researchers across diverse disciplines on their prioritization of resources for research and development and to give them better a picture of the latest techniques. These include artificial intelligence, nano-based, CRISPR-based, and mass spectrometry technologies as well as neutralizing factors and traditional medicines. We also reviewed new approaches for vaccine development and developed a dashboard to provide frequent updates on the current and future approved vaccines.

scholarly journals Understanding equity of institutional delivery in public health centre by level of care in India: An assessment using Benefit Incidence Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay K. Mohanty ◽  
Radhe Shyam Mishra ◽  
Suyash Mishra ◽  
Soumendu Sen
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Institutional Delivery ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Secondary Level ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Level Of Care ◽  
Public Subsidy ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Incidence Analysis

Abstract Background: The National Health Mission (NHM), the largest ever publicly funded health programme worldwide, used over half of the national health budget in India and primarily aimed to improve maternal and child health in the country. Though large scale public health investment in India has improved the health care utilization and health outcomes across states and socio-economic groups, little is known on the equity concern of NHM. In this context, this paper examines the utilization pattern and net benefit of public subsidy for institutional delivery by the level of care in India. Methods: Data from the most recent round of the National Family Health Survey (NFHS 4), conducted during 2015-16, was used in the study. A total of 148,645 last birth delivered in a health centre during the five years preceding the survey were used for the analyses. Out-of-pocket (OOP) payment on delivery care was taken as the dependent variable and was analysed by primary care and secondary level of care. Benefits Incidence Analysis (BIA), descriptive statistics, concentration index (CI), and concentration curve (CC) were used to do the analysis. Results: Institutional delivery from the public health centres in India is pro-poor and has a strong economic gradient. About 28% mothers from richest wealth quintile did not pay for delivery in public health centres compared to 16% among the poorest wealth quintile. Benefit incidence analyses suggests a pro-poor distribution of institutional delivery both at primary and secondary level of care. In 2015-16, at the primary level, about 32.29% of subsidies were used by the poorest, 27.22% by poorer, 20.39% by middle, 13.36% by richer and 6.73% by the richest wealth quintile. The pattern at the secondary level was similar, though the magnitude was lower. The concentration index of institutional delivery in public health centres was -0.161 [95% CI: -0.158, -0.165] compared to 0.296 [95% CI: 0.289, 0.303] from private health centres.Conclusion: Provision and use of public subsidy for institutional delivery in public health centres is pro-poor in India. Improving the quality of service in primary health centres is recommended to increase utilisation and reduce OOP payment for health care in India.

scholarly journals Analysis of Concordance of Medication-Taking Behaviour in Tuberculosis Patients in Medan, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 1699-1701
Author(s):  
Arlinda Sari Wahyuni ◽  
Noni Novisari Soeroso ◽  
Dian Dwi Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Tb Treatment ◽  
Health Centres ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

AIM: This study aimed to analyse tuberculosis (TB) medication-taking behaviour based on the concept of concordance between health workers and TB patients in Medan, Indonesia. METHODS: This study was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. A total of 100 patients undergoing TB treatment at several public health centres in Medan City participated in the study. RESULTS: The results showed that there was a relationship between the concordance behaviour of the health workers with the attitude and medication-taking behaviour of the patients (p < 0.05). However, there was no relationship found between concordance and knowledge of the patients (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results showed that most of the concordance behaviour, knowledge, attitude, and behaviour in the sample were good.

scholarly journals Adherence, Awareness, Access, and Use of Standard Diagnosis and Treatment Guideline for Malaria Case Management among Healthcare Workers in Meatu, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Adela Budimu ◽  
Basiliana Emidi ◽  
Sixbert Mkumbaye ◽  
Debora C. Kajeguka
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Malaria Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Continued Education

Background. Effective case management is a vital component of malaria control and elimination strategies. However, the level of adherence to the malaria diagnostic test and treatment guideline is not known, particularly at Meatu district. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the adherence, awareness, access, and use of standard diagnosis and treatment guidelines among healthcare workers in Meatu district. Method. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, which enrolled a total of 196 healthcare workers in Meatu district. Healthcare workers were sampled purposively to reach the required sample size. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Results. Generally, 189 (96.4%) were aware of malaria treatment guidelines, while 148 (75.5%) had access and 98 (50.0%) used malaria treatment guidelines. One hundred and seven (54.6%) of all the healthcare workers adhered strictly to the diagnosis and national treatment guidelines. Ten (5.1%) partially adhered to the guideline when choosing antimalarials without confirmed malaria cases. Nonadherence to the prescription of recommended antimalarial drugs and laboratory confirmation was 79 (40.3%). Conclusion. Half of healthcare worker’s adhere to malaria diagnostic test and treatment guidelines. Most the healthcare workers are aware of the malaria diagnostic test and treatment guidelines. Continued education and assessment of the personal attitudes towards malaria diagnostic test and treatment guidelines are recommended.

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