scholarly journals Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: a systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehyun Seong ◽  
Sangmi Ryou ◽  
JeongGyu Lee ◽  
Myeongsu Yoo ◽  
Sooyoung Hur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Abstract Background Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a key factor for the development and progression of cervical cancer. We sought to identify the type-specific HPV prevalence by cervical cytology and assess disease progression risk based on high-risk persistent HPV infection in South Korea. Methods To investigate the HPV prevalence by Pap results, we searched seven literature databases without any language or date restrictions until July 17, 2019. To estimate the risk of disease progression by HPV type, we used the Korea HPV Cohort study data. The search included the terms “HPV” and “Genotype” and “Korea.” Studies on Korean women, type-specific HPV distribution by cytological findings, and detailed methodological description of the detection assay were included. We assessed the risk of disease progression according to the high-risk HPV type related to the nonavalent vaccine and associated persistent infections in 686 HPV-positive women with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions from the Korea HPV Cohort Study. Type-specific HPV prevalence was the proportion of women positive for a specific HPV genotype among all HPV-positive women tested for that genotype in the systematic review. Results We included 23 studies in our review. HPV-16 was the most prevalent, followed by HPV-58, -53, -70, -18, and -68. In women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, including cancer, HPV-16, -18, and -58 were the most prevalent. In the longitudinal cohort study, the adjusted hazard ratio of disease progression from atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was significantly higher among those with persistent HPV-58 (increase in risk: 3.54–5.84) and HPV-16 (2.64–5.04) infections. Conclusions While HPV-16 was the most prevalent, persistent infections of HPV-16/58 increased the risk of disease progression to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Therefore, persistent infections of HPV-16 and -58 are critical risk factors for cervical disease progression in Korea. Our results suggest that equal attention should be paid to HPV-58 and -16 infections and provide important evidence to assist in planning the National Immunization Program in Korea.

scholarly journals Enhanced disease progression due to persistent HPV-16/58 infections in Korean women: A systematic review and the Korea HPV cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaehyun Seong ◽  
Sangmi Ryou ◽  
JeongGyu Lee ◽  
Myeongsu Yoo ◽  
Sooyoung Hur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Persistent Infections ◽  
Hpv Prevalence ◽  
Risk Of Disease ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Abstract Background Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a key factor for the development and progression of cervical cancer. We sought to identify the type-specific HPV prevalence by cervical cytology and assess disease progression risk based on high-risk persistent HPV infection in South Korea. Methods To investigate the HPV prevalence by Pap results, we searched seven literature databases without any language or date restrictions until July 17, 2019. To estimate the risk of disease progression by HPV type, we used the Korea HPV Cohort study data. The search included the terms “HPV” and “Genotype” and “Korea.” Studies on Korean women, type-specific HPV distribution by cytological findings, and detailed methodological description of the detection assay were included. We assessed the risk of disease progression according to the high-risk HPV type related to the nonavalent vaccine and associated persistent infections in 686 HPV-positive women with atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance or low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions from the Korea HPV Cohort Study. Type-specific HPV prevalence was the proportion of women positive for a specific HPV genotype among all HPV-positive women tested for that genotype in the systematic review. Results We included 23 studies in our review. HPV-16 was the most prevalent, followed by HPV-58, -53, -70, -18, and − 68. In women with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, including cancer, HPV-16, -18, and − 58 were the most prevalent. In the longitudinal cohort study, the adjusted hazard ratio of disease progression from atypical squamous cells of uncertain significance to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions was significantly higher among those with persistent HPV-58 (increase in risk: 3.54 to 5.84) and HPV-16 (2.64 to 5.04) infections. Conclusions While HPV-16 was the most prevalent, persistent infections of HPV-16/58 increased the risk of disease progression to high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. Therefore, persistent infections of HPV-16 and − 58 are critical risk factors for cervical disease progression in Korea. Our results suggest that equal attention should be paid to HPV-58 and − 16 infections and provide important evidence to assist in planning the National Immunization Program in Korea.

scholarly journals Cervical Microbiome and Response to a Human Papillomavirus Therapeutic Vaccine for Treating High-Grade Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153473541989306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahul Ravilla ◽  
Hannah N. Coleman ◽  
Cheryl-Emiliane Chow ◽  
Luisa Chan ◽  
Barbara J. Fuhrman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccine ◽  
High Grade ◽  
T Helper ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Helper Type

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with the vast majority of cervical cancer cases as well as with other anogenital cancers. PepCan is an investigational HPV therapeutic vaccine for treating cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. The present study was performed to test whether the cervical microbiome influences vaccine responses and to explore host factors as determinants of the cervical microbiome composition in women with biopsy-proven high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions. In a recently completed Phase I clinical trial of PepCan, histological response rate of 45% (14 of 31 patients), a significant increase in circulating T-helper type 1 cells, and a significant decrease in HPV 16 viral load were reported. DNA, extracted from liquid cytology specimens collected before and after vaccinations, were amplified and then hybridized to a G4 PhyloChip assay to characterize the microbiome. We describe trends that certain bacterial taxa in the cervix may be enriched in non-responders in comparison to responders ( Padj = .052 for phylum Caldithrix and Padj = .059 for phylum Nitrospirae). There was no difference in bacterial diversity between the 2 groups. A permutational analysis of variance performed for various demographic and immune parameters showed significant clustering with microbiome beta diversity for race, HPV 16 status, peripheral T-helper type 1 cells, and HLA-B40 ( P = .001, .014, .037, and .024, respectively). Further analyses showed significant differences at the empirical Operational Taxonomic Unit level for race and HPV 16 status. As these results are from a small Phase I study, further studies are needed to examine the role of cervical microbiome in response to HPV therapeutic vaccines.

scholarly journals Coinfection of High-Risk Human Papillomavirus and Lower Genital Tract Pathogens in the Development of High-Grade Cervical Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hui Zhong ◽  
Yao Tong ◽  
Haifeng Lin ◽  
Xiaodan Mao ◽  
Binhua Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Cervical Lesions ◽  
Lower Genital Tract ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Purpose. This study investigated the infection status and relationship between other common lower genital tract infectious pathogens and high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) in the high-grade cervical lesions. Methods. Overall, 882 patients were enrolled in this retrospective study, of which 339 patients (≥HSIL group) were confirmed with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), while 543 patients (≤LSIL group) were diagnosed with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) or normal cervical pathology diagnosis. Cervical swab specimens were tested for HPV, pathogenic bacteria (PB), U. urealyticum (UU), M. hominis (MH), and C. trachomatis (CT) in both groups. Results. The infection rates of HR-HPV, PB, UU (at high density), and CT were higher in the ≥HSIL group than in the ≤LSIL group (P<0.001); however, higher infection rates with MH were not observed (P>0.05). PB, UU, and CT were associated with HR-HPV infection (P<0.001). The PB and UU infection rates in the ≥HSIL group were significantly different from those in the ≤LSIL group, regardless of whether there was an HR-HPV infection at the same time (P<0.05). However, this was not the case for the CT (P>0.05). Furthermore, 259 pathogenic bacterial strains were detected in 882 cases. The difference in the distribution of pathogenic bacterial flora in the different grades of cervical lesions had no statistical significance, which was prioritized over Escherichia coli (P>0.05). Conclusion. PB, UU, and CT infection is associated with susceptibility to HR-HPV, HR-HPV coinfection with these pathogens might increase the risk of high-grade cervical lesions, and PB and UU might be independent risk factors for cervical lesions.

Association of Bacterial Vaginosis and Human Papilloma Virus Infection With Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam Dahoud ◽  
Claire W Michael ◽  
Hamza Gokozan ◽  
Amelia K Nakanishi ◽  
Aparna Harbhajanka
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus Infection ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Cervical Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

ABSTRACT Objectives Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to be associated with squamous intraepithelial lesions (SILs). However, there is limited and conflicting literature on the relationship between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and SIL. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of BV and evaluate the association between BV and SIL. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 10,546 cases between 2012 and 2017. HPV results were available in 7,081 cases. Results BV was present in 17.6% of cases. There was significant association between BV, positive HPV infection, and high-grade SIL. BV patients with negative HPV infection showed more squamous abnormalities than BV-negative HPV-negative patients. Conclusions We found there is a significant association between BV and SIL. BV is more common among patients with HPV infection and is independently associated with squamous abnormalities in cervical smears and surgical follow-up.

scholarly journals The CpG island methylator phenotype increases the risk of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and cervical cancer

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Loaeza-Loaeza ◽  
Berenice Illades-Aguiar ◽  
Oscar del Moral-Hernández ◽  
Yaneth Castro-Coronel ◽  
Marco A. Leyva-Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cpg Island ◽  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Cpg Island Methylator Phenotype ◽  
Methylator Phenotype ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Abstract Background High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection is the main cause of cervical cancer, but additional alterations are necessary for its development. Abnormal DNA methylation has an important role in the origin and dissemination of cervical cancer and other human tumors. In this work, we analyzed the methylation of eight genes (AJAP1, CDH1, CDH13, MAGI2, MGMT, MYOD1, RASSF1A and SOX17) that participate in several biological processes for the maintenance of cell normality. We analyzed DNA methylation by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and HPV infection using the INNO‑LiPA genotyping kit in 59 samples diagnostic of normal cervical tissue (non-SIL), 107 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSILs), 29 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs) and 51 cervical cancers (CCs). Results We found that all samples of LSIL, HSIL, and CC were HPV-positive, and the genotypes with higher frequencies were 16, 18, 51 and 56. In general, the genes analyzed displayed a significant tendency toward an increase in methylation levels according to increasing cervical lesion severity, except for the CDH13 gene. High CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) was associated with a 50.6-fold (95% CI 4.72–2267.3)-increased risk of HSIL and a 122-fold risk of CC (95% CI 10.04–5349.7). Conclusions We found that CIMP high was significantly associated with HSIL and CC risk. These results could indicate that CIMP together with HR-HPV infection and other factors participates in the development of HSIL and CC.

32. HPV type and strain variant concordance between anal cancers and their preceding high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions

Sexual Health ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Joel Palefsky ◽  
Maria Da Costa ◽  
Teresa M. Darragh ◽  
Naomi Jay ◽  
J. Michael Berry
Keyword(s):  
Anal Cancer ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Hpv Dna ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
Location Methods ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions

Background Anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) are frequently found overlying anal cancer on histology, and anal cancer has been observed to develop in the same location as previously diagnosed anal HSIL. These observations support the role of HSIL as the direct precursor lesion to anal cancer. To further investigate a direct pathogenetic relationship between anal HSIL and cancer, we typed and sequenced HPV DNA in anal HSIL and the cancers that subsequently developed in the same location. Methods: Tissues samples were analysed from 15 HIV-infected men followed at UCSF in whom anal cancer developed at a previously biopsied site of HSIL. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pairs of HSIL and cancer were typed for HPV DNA using L1 PCR. HPV 16-positive samples underwent E6-based strain variant analysis. Results: Nine matched pairs for which DNA from both HSIL and cancer were available were analysed. Eight pairs (89%) contained HPV 16 DNA. One (11%) contained both HPV 18 and 51 in both samples. Of the eight HPV 16-positive pairs, each pair contained the same HPV 16 strain variant. Four contained the Eur-350T variant alone, and one contained Eur-350T in both the HSIL and cancer, with an additional 426T variant in the cancer. One pair contained both Eur-350T and 457C in both the HSIL and the cancer. Two pairs contained the Eur-350G variant alone. Conclusions: Concordance of both the HPV type and strain variant in anal cancers and their site-matched preceding HSIL further supports the role of anal HSIL as an anal cancer precursor.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of HPV 16 and 18 in cervical samples of patients from Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 297-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taíse Palmeiras Freitas ◽  
Bianca Bianco do Carmo ◽  
Francisco Danilo Ferreira Paula ◽  
Lucas Fonseca Rodrigues ◽  
Ana Paula Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hpv Infection ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Hpv 16 ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesion ◽  
Belo Horizonte ◽  
Intraepithelial Lesions ◽  
Hpv 18

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of HPV infection and the types 16 and 18 in cervical samples from patients attended at two public health services of the city of Belo Horizonte, MG. METHODS: Cervical samples from 174 patients were collected for cytopathological and molecular tests. HPV infection was searched by PCR utilizing MY09 and MY11 primers or HPV 16 and HPV 18 specific primers. RESULTS: Amongst the 174 samples analyzed, 20.7% presented squamous intraepithelial and/or invasive lesions detected on cytopathological analysis and of those, 94.4% were infected by HPV. HPV 16 was found in 20% of the cases of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and in 40% and 50% of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and squamous invasive carcinoma, respectively. HPV 18 was detected in 6.7% of the low-grade lesion samples and in two HPV16 co-infected samples. In 50% of the cases of high-grade lesion, the HPV type was not determined. CONCLUSION: The HPV 16 was the virus type more frequently detected. However, more than 50% of the positive samples at the cytopathological analysis were negative for HPV 16 and 18, indicating that possibly other virus types are present in relative high frequencies in the studied population.

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