scholarly journals Time-restricted feeding improves blood glucose and insulin sensitivity in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Che ◽  
Cheng Yan ◽  
Dingyuan Tian ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Xuejun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Restricted Feeding ◽  
Feeding Group

Abstract Background Time-restricted feeding is an emerging dietary intervention that is becoming increasingly popular. There are, however, no randomised clinical trials of time-restricted feeding in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes. Here, we explored the effects of time-restricted feeding on glycaemic regulation and weight changes in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes over 12 weeks. Methods Overweight adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 120) were randomised 1:1 to two diet groups: time-restricted feeding (n = 60) or control (n = 60). Sixty patients participated in a 10-h restricted feeding treatment program (ad libitum feeding from 8:00 to 18:00 h; fasting between 18:00 and 8:00 h) for 12 weeks. Results Haemoglobin A1c and body weight decreased in the time-restricted feeding group (− 1.54% ± 0.19 and − 2.98 ± 0.43 kg, respectively) relative to the control group over 12 weeks (p < 0.001). Homeostatic model assessment of β-cell function and insulin resistance changed in the time-restricted feeding group (0.73 ± 0.21, p = 0.005; − 0.51 ± 0.08, p = 0.02, respectively) compared with the control group. The medication effect score, SF-12 score, and the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were improved in the time-restricted feeding group (− 0.66 ± 0.17, p = 0.006; 5.92 ± 1.38, p < 0.001; − 0.23 ± 0.08 mmol/L, p = 0.03; − 0.32 ± 0.07 mmol/L, p = 0.01; − 0.42 ± 0.13 mmol/L, p = 0.02, respectively) relative to the control group. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion These results suggest that 10-h restricted feeding improves blood glucose and insulin sensitivity, results in weight loss, reduces the necessary dosage of hypoglycaemic drugs and enhances quality of life. It can also offer cardiovascular benefits by reducing atherosclerotic lipid levels. Trial registration: This study was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR-IPR-15006371).

Determinants of changes in blood glucose response to short-term exercise training in patients with Type 2 diabetes

2008 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Hordern ◽  
Louise M. Cooney ◽  
Elaine M. Beller ◽  
Johannes B. Prins ◽  
Thomas H. Marwick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Short Term

The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of a 4-week exercise training intervention on blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, BMI (body mass index) and cardiorespiratory fitness in patients with Type 2 diabetes, and to identify and establish criteria for patients who are more likely to improve their blood glucose from short-term exercise training. A randomized, controlled trial of exercise training, comprising two supervised and one non-supervised sessions of individualized cardiorespiratory and resistance exercise per week, was performed in 132 healthy patients with Type 2 diabetes (exercise training group, n=68), with the aim of accumulating a minimum of 150 min of moderate-intensity exercise for 4 weeks. BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood lipid profile, blood glucose, insulin, insulin sensitivity [calculated by HOMAIR (homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) and QUICKI (quantitative insulin check index)], β-cell function (calculated by HOMAβ-Cell), HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin) and V̇O2max (maximal oxygen consumption) were measured at baseline and at 4 weeks. The exercise training group had significant improvements in V̇O2max, BMI and triacylglycerols (triglycerides). There were no significant changes in blood glucose, HOMAIR, QUICKI or HOMAβ-Cell. Decreases in blood glucose were significantly predicted by baseline blood glucose and HbA1c, with these variables accounting for 15.9% of the change in blood glucose (P<0.001). ROC (receiver operator characteristic) curve analysis revealed that patients with a blood glucose >8.85 mmol/l (sensitivity=73%, specificity=78%) and HbA1c >7.15% (sensitivity=79%, specificity=60%) were more likely to achieve a clinically significant decrease in blood glucose. In conclusion, in apparently healthy patients with Type 2 diabetes, a 4-week exercise intervention improved cardiorespiratory fitness, BMI and triacylglycerols. Elevated blood glucose and HbA1c predicted improvements in blood glucose.

scholarly journals Serum concentrations of asprosin in new-onset type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Naiemian ◽  
Mohsen naeemipour ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Ali Gohari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Behroozikhah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factor

Abstract Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status . Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants . Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group . Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion : Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals Effects of Fasting-Mimicking Diet and Specific Meal Replacement Foods on Blood Glucose Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fang Tang ◽  
Xuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Control ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meal Replacement ◽  
Experimental Group

Type 2 diabetes represents a serious societal health problem due to the vulnerability to cardiovascular events. Diet therapy is the most basic treatment for type 2 diabetes. The present study was conducted to study the effect of a fasting-mimicking diet and specific meal replacement foods on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our study included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent a physical examination which were enrolled and randomly assigned as 50 patients each to the test group (with low energy-specific meal replacement meals during a fasting-mimicking diet) and the control group (with specific meal replacement foods given normal adult doses). After 4 months, efficacy indicators which were fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial venous blood glucose, and glycosylated haemoglobin of the experimental group were all lower than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ); observation indicators that include body mass index, waist circumference, blood lipids (triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein), and blood pressure levels were all lower than the control group, and high-density lipoprotein levels were all higher than the control group (all P < 0.05 ). Both groups of fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial venous blood glucose, and blood pressure had a relatively stable downward trend, but the experimental group had a more significant decline. In conclusion, the study revealed that a fasting-mimicking diet and specific meal replacement foods can safely and effectively reduce weight and improve metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Correlation of Circulating Acid-Labile Subunit Levels with Insulin Sensitivity and Serum LDL Cholesterol in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Findings from a Prospective Study with Rosiglitazone

PPAR Research ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-Chuen Lai ◽  
Hung-Yuan Li ◽  
Ta-Jen Wu ◽  
Chi-Yuan Jeng ◽  
Lee-Ming Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Acid Labile Subunit ◽  
Acid Labile

Silencing of acid-labile subunit (ALS) improved glucose metabolism in animal models. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of rosiglitazone (RSG) on ALS levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted. Subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus were randomly distributed to an RSG-treated(n=30)or a placebo(n=31)group. Patients were evaluated prior to treatment at baseline and at 12 and 24 weeks after treatment. At baseline, ALS levels were negatively associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) levels and homeostatic model assessment version 2 insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S). Over 24 weeks, there was a significantly greater reduction in ALS levels in the nonobese RSG-treated individuals than placebo-treated group. The effect of RSG on ALS was not significant in obese individuals. Fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c were reduced, but total cholesterol and LDLc were increased, in patients on RSG. Change in ALS levels predicted changes in total cholesterol and HOMA2-%S over time. This study suggested a BMI-dependent effect of RSG treatment on ALS levels. Reduction of ALS by RSG increases the risk of atherosclerosis in individuals with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Plasma miR-21 expression: an indicator for the severity of Type 2 diabetes with diabetic retinopathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Jiang ◽  
Xue-Man Lyu ◽  
Yi Yuan ◽  
Ling Wang
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Disease Course

To investigate the roles of plasma miR-21 in the pathogenic process of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) with diabetic retinopathy (DR). T2D patients included patients without DR (NDR) group, patients with non-proliferative/background DR (BDR) group and patients with proliferative DR (PDR) group. Healthy individuals served as control group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), urine creatinine (Cr), fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting insulin (FINS) and plasma miR-21 expression were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect miR-21 expression. Pearson analysis was used to conduct correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyse the diagnostic value of miR-21 in T2D with DR. Compared with the control group, FBG and HbA1c increased in the NDR group; compared with the control and NDR groups, disease course, HbA1c, FPG levels and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were increased in the BDR and PDR groups; and compared with the BDR group, disease course, HbA1c and FPG levels were higher in the PDR group. miR-21 expression was higher in the BDR group than the control group, and higher in the PDR group than the BDR group. miR-21 expression was positively related with disease course, HbA1C, FPG and HOMA-IR, and had diagnostic value for T2D with DR and PDR. The plasma miR-21 expression was increased in the development of T2D with DR and can be used as an indicator for the severity of T2D with DR.

scholarly journals Meditative Movements for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Tingwei Xia ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Weihong Li ◽  
Zhaohui- Tang ◽  
Qingsong Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective. Physical activity plays a specific role in the fundamental aspect of diabetes care. It is necessary to develop exercise programs for these patients. The aim of this systematic review is to summarize current evidence regarding the effectiveness of meditative movement in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods. The following databases were searched: PubMed, CENTRAL, Web of Science, Ovid LWW, and EMBASE. Two independent investigators searched and screened the studies by finding duplications, excluding irrelevant titles and abstracts, and then selecting eligible studies by reviewing full texts. 21 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses were performed on glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and postprandial blood glucose (PPBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and body mass index (BMI). Results. Meta-analyses showed that meditative movements significantly improved FBG, HbA1c, PPBG, TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C. No improvement was found in BMI. Conclusions. The results demonstrated a favorable effect or tendency of meditative movements to improve blood glucose and blood lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The special effects of meditative movements in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients need further research.

scholarly journals Changes of Bile Acids and Energy Expenditure after Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haixin Yin ◽  
Weijie Chen ◽  
Liangbo Dong ◽  
Shengnan Zhou ◽  
Qiang Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background and aims: Our aims were to investigate changes of bile acids and resting energy expenditure (REE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and the role in metabolic homeostasis.Methods: From December 2019 to May 2020, a total of 77 T2DM patients with gallbladder polyps were included in our study. Among them, 40 patients who underwent LC were enrolled into cholecystectomy group, 37 patients who did not undergo LC were enrolled into control group. Preoperative and 6-months postoperative demographic data, body weight, food intake, effects on diabetes control, and biomedical variables were recorded and compared.Results: The mean level of total bile acids (TBA) was higher than that in control group (P=0.033) and increased significantly after LC compared to baseline (P=0.029). The resting energy expenditure (REE) level in cholecystectomy group was higher than that in control group (P=0.032) and increased compared to the baseline (P=0.011). The utilization of carbohydrate increased significantly after LC (P<0.001) while the utilization of fat decreased (P<0.001). The mean level of FPG (P=0.004), A1C (P<0.001) and HOMA-IR (P=0.045) decreased after LC, as defined, the total effectiveness rate was 45%. The mean level of total cholesterol (P=0.003) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased (P= 0.021), whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased (P<0.001). Conclusions: The level of REE and TBA increased after LC in patients with T2DM, the glucose and lipid metabolism improved.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900027823. Registered 30 November 2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx.

scholarly journals Saliva 1,5-anhydroglucitol is associated with early-phase insulin secretion in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e002199
Author(s):  
Lingwen Ying ◽  
Chaohui Jian ◽  
Xiaojing Ma ◽  
Kun Ge ◽  
Wei Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Chinese Patients ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
C Peptide

IntroductionSaliva collection is a non-invasive test and is convenient. 1,5-anhydroglucitol (1,5-AG) is a new indicator reflecting short-term blood glucose levels. This study aimed to explore the relationship between saliva 1,5-AG and insulin secretion function and insulin sensitivity.Research design and methodsAdult patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized were enrolled. Based on blood glucose and C-peptide, homeostasis model assessment 2 for β cell secretion function, C-peptidogenic index (CGI), △2-hour C-peptide (2hCP)/△2-hour postprandial glucose (2hPG), ratio of 0–30 min area under the curve for C-peptide and area under the curve for glucose (AUCCP30/AUCPG30), and AUC2hCP/AUC2hPG were calculated to evaluate insulin secretion function, while indicators such as homeostasis model assessment 2 for insulin resistance were used to assess insulin sensitivity.ResultsWe included 284 subjects (178 men and 106 women) with type 2 diabetes aged 20–70 years. The saliva 1,5-AG level was 0.133 (0.089–0.204) µg/mL. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed a significantly negative correlation between saliva 1,5-AG and 0, 30, and 120 min blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A1c, and glycated albumin (all p<0.05), and a significantly positive association between saliva 1,5-AG and CGI (r=0.171, p=0.004) and AUCCP30/AUCPG30 (r=0.174, p=0.003). The above correlations still existed after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and diabetes duration. In multiple linear regression, saliva 1,5-AG was an independent factor of CGI (standardized β=0.135, p=0.015) and AUCCP30/AUCPG30 (standardized β=0.110, p=0.020).ConclusionsSaliva 1,5-AG was related to CGI and AUCCP30/AUCPG30 in patients with type 2 diabetes.Trial registration numberChiCTR-SOC-17011356.

scholarly journals Serum concentration of asprosin in new-onset type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Naiemian ◽  
Mohsen naeemipour ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Moslem Lari Najafi ◽  
Ali Gohari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Atherosclerotic Risk Factor

Abstract Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status. Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants. Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.

scholarly journals Effect of dapagliflozin on obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes: a preliminary study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Tang ◽  
Qin Sun ◽  
Xiao-Yan Bai ◽  
Yun-Fan Zhou ◽  
Qiong-Lan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Abstract Objective The aim of this case-control study was to assess the efficacy of dapagliflozin combined with metformin for type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods A total of 36 patients with newly-diagnosed T2DM and OSAHS were randomized divided into two groups. Eighteen OSAHS patients with T2DM, who were treated with dapagliflozin and metformin, were assigned as the dapagliflozin group. These patients were given dapagliflozin and metformin for 24 weeks between February 2017 and February 2018. Another 18 OSAHS patients with T2DM, who were treated with glimepiride and metformin for 24 weeks, were assigned as the control group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, postprandial blood glucose (PPG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood lipids, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), minimum oxygen saturation (LSpO2), and Epworth Somnolence Scale (ESS) score were measured before and at 24 weeks after the initiation of treatment. Results In the dapagliflozin group, triglyceride (TG), systolic pressure (SBP) and diastolic pressure (DBP) significantly decreased following treatment, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) significantly increased (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a reduction in AHI, an increase in LSpO2 and a decrease in ESS score were observed in the dapagliflozin group (P < 0.05), but not in the control group. Moreover, blood glucose, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, and BMI significantly decreased in these two groups, and the decrease was more significant in the dapagliflozin group. Conclusion These present results indicate that dapagliflozin can significantly reduce glucose, BMI, blood pressure and AHI, and improve hypoxemia during sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness, which thereby has potential as an effective treatment approach for OSAHS.

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