scholarly journals Serum concentrations of asprosin in new-onset type 2 diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Naiemian ◽  
Mohsen naeemipour ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Ali Gohari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Behroozikhah ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status . Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants . Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group . Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion : Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Naiemian ◽  
Mohsen naeemipour ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Moslem Lari Najafi ◽  
Ali Gohari ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status. Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants. Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shakiba Naiemian ◽  
Mohsen naeemipour ◽  
Mehdi Zarei ◽  
Ali Gohari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Behroozikhah ◽  
...  

Abstract Background: Asprosin, a newly identified adipokine, is pathologically increased in individuals with insulin resistance. However, the available evidence on the association of asprosin and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) status is still scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the relationship between serum concentrations of asprosin and T2DM status. Methods: This observational study was performed based on 194 adults (97 newly diagnosed T2DM and 97 healthy individuals). Anthropometric and biochemical variables were determined in all participants. Serum concentrations of asprosin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: In patients with T2DM, the serum concentrations of asprosin were significantly higher than the healthy controls (4.18 [IQR: 4.4] vs. 3.5 [IQR: 1.85], P< 0.001). The concentrations of asprosin were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in healthy subjects and with BMI, FBG, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI), triacylglycerol (TAG) and total cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) ratio in the T2DM group. In fully adjusted model, the odds ratio (OR) of T2DM with serum concentrations of asprosin was approximately 1.547 (95% CI 1.293-1.850, P< 0.001) compared to the control group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that FBG and HOMA-IR were independently associated with asprosin in T2DM. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that serum concentrations of asprosin are increased in patients with T2DM. Also, asprosin is correlated with insulin resistance and TC/HDL-C ratio (atherosclerotic risk factor of cardiovascular diseases) in patients with T2DM.


2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Jiang ◽  
Xue-Man Lyu ◽  
Yi Yuan ◽  
Ling Wang

To investigate the roles of plasma miR-21 in the pathogenic process of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) with diabetic retinopathy (DR). T2D patients included patients without DR (NDR) group, patients with non-proliferative/background DR (BDR) group and patients with proliferative DR (PDR) group. Healthy individuals served as control group. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), urine creatinine (Cr), fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting insulin (FINS) and plasma miR-21 expression were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was applied to detect miR-21 expression. Pearson analysis was used to conduct correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyse the diagnostic value of miR-21 in T2D with DR. Compared with the control group, FBG and HbA1c increased in the NDR group; compared with the control and NDR groups, disease course, HbA1c, FPG levels and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were increased in the BDR and PDR groups; and compared with the BDR group, disease course, HbA1c and FPG levels were higher in the PDR group. miR-21 expression was higher in the BDR group than the control group, and higher in the PDR group than the BDR group. miR-21 expression was positively related with disease course, HbA1C, FPG and HOMA-IR, and had diagnostic value for T2D with DR and PDR. The plasma miR-21 expression was increased in the development of T2D with DR and can be used as an indicator for the severity of T2D with DR.


2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsing-Hsien Cheng ◽  
Chien-Ya Ma ◽  
Tsui-Wei Chou ◽  
Ya-Yen Chen ◽  
Ming-Hoang Lai

Gamma-oryzanol is a component of rice bran oil (RBO) with purported health benefits. This study evaluated the effects of gamma-oryzanol on insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in Wistar rats with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The rats were divided into three groups and consumed one of the following diets for 5 weeks: 15 % soybean oil (control group); 15 % palm oil (PO); and 15 % PO with the addition of 5.25 g gamma-oryzanol (POO). The results showed that PO markedly increased plasma low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma triglycerides, and hepatic triglyceride levels, but did not reduce the area under the curve for glucose and insulin significantly, compared with the control group. Adding gamma-oryzanol to PO improved the negative influence of PO on lipid metabolism in T2DM rats. In addition, gamma-oryzanol tended to increase insulin sensitivity in T2DM rats compared to control and PO groups. Longer-term studies are needed to evaluate these effects further.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Jia Chen ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Yu-Bin Sui ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Hui Zhang ◽  
...  

Background: Musclin is a newly identified skeletal muscle–derived secretory factor, which has been recently characterized as a stimulator that induces insulin resistance in mice. However, the pathophysiological role of musclin in humans remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the potential correlations between musclin plasma levels and various metabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: In this hospital-based study, plasma samples were collected from the enrolled individuals, including 38 newly diagnosed, treatment-naive type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 41 age- and gender-matched control subjects. Plasma musclin levels were examined by radioimmunoassay. Results: Compared with the control group, musclin plasma levels were significantly higher in untreated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Musclin levels in the plasma of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose, haemoglobin A1c, serum insulin, triglycerides and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the level of musclin was associated with the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis yielded an area under the curve for musclin of 0.718 in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: The circulating concentration of musclin was significantly increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Our results suggest that musclin has a strong relationship with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fang Tang ◽  
Xuan Lin

Type 2 diabetes represents a serious societal health problem due to the vulnerability to cardiovascular events. Diet therapy is the most basic treatment for type 2 diabetes. The present study was conducted to study the effect of a fasting-mimicking diet and specific meal replacement foods on blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our study included 100 patients with type 2 diabetes who underwent a physical examination which were enrolled and randomly assigned as 50 patients each to the test group (with low energy-specific meal replacement meals during a fasting-mimicking diet) and the control group (with specific meal replacement foods given normal adult doses). After 4 months, efficacy indicators which were fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial venous blood glucose, and glycosylated haemoglobin of the experimental group were all lower than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ); observation indicators that include body mass index, waist circumference, blood lipids (triglyceride, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein), and blood pressure levels were all lower than the control group, and high-density lipoprotein levels were all higher than the control group (all P < 0.05 ). Both groups of fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial venous blood glucose, and blood pressure had a relatively stable downward trend, but the experimental group had a more significant decline. In conclusion, the study revealed that a fasting-mimicking diet and specific meal replacement foods can safely and effectively reduce weight and improve metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes.


2007 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 929-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Rave ◽  
Kerstin Roggen ◽  
Sibylle Dellweg ◽  
Tim Heise ◽  
Heike tom Dieck

Subjects with obesity and elevated fasting blood glucose are at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes which may be reduced by a dietary intervention leading to an improvement of insulin resistance. We investigated the potential of a whole-grain based dietary product (WG) with reduced starch content derived from double-fermented wheat during a hypo-energetic diet to positively influence body weight, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance and lipids in comparison to a nutrient-dense meal replacement product (MR) in a randomized two-way cross-over study with two 4-week treatment periods separated by a 2-week wash-out. Subjects replaced at least two daily meals with WG and MR, respectively, targeting for a consumption of 200 g of either product per day. Total daily energy intake was limited to 7120 kJ. Thirty-one subjects (BMI 33·9 (sd 2·7) kg/m2, fasting blood glucose 6·3 (sd 0·8) mmol/l) completed the study. In both treatment groups body weight ( − 2·5 (sd 2·0) v. − 3·2 (sd 1·6) kg for WG v. MR), fasting blood glucose ( − 0·4 (sd 0·3) v. − 0·5 (sd 0·5) mmol/l), total cholesterol ( − 0·5 (sd 0·5) v. − 0·6 (sd 0·5) mmol/l), TAG ( − 0·3 (sd 0·9) v. − 0·3 (sd 1·2) mmol/l) and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) insulin resistance score ( − 0·7 (sd 0·8) v. − 1·1 (sd 1·7) μU/ml ×  mmol/l) improved (P < 0·05) with no significant differences between the treatments. After statistical adjustment for the amount of body weight lost, however, the comparison between both groups revealed that fasting serum insulin (P = 0·031) and HOMA insulin resistance score (P = 0·049) improved better with WG than with MR. We conclude that WG favourably influences metabolic risk factors for type 2 diabetes independent from the amount of body weight lost during a hypo-energetic diet.


Author(s):  
DHARMA LINDARTO ◽  
YETTY MACHRINA ◽  
SANTI SYAFRIL ◽  
AWALUDDIN SARAGIH

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether the antidiabetic effects of puguntano (Curanga fel-terrae [Lour.]) extract involve anti-inflammatory effects mediated through adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs). Methods: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) Wistar rats were induced by a combination of high-fat diet for 5 weeks and injection small dose streptozotocin 30 mg/kg bw/rat. This study was conducted in 48 T2DM rats, which were randomly assigned into two weight-matched groups (n=24, each). Only the treatment group received 0.2 mg/g bw of puguntano extract suspension through oral for 10 days. The clinical characteristics of T2DM and AdipoR were assessed before and after the treatment period. Results: The treatment group demonstrated significantly lower body weight, fasting blood glucose, and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) but higher AdipoR than the control group (all, p<0.001). Furthermore, there were also negative correlations between AdipoR to body weight and HOMA-IR (all, p<0.05). Conclusion: Our data suggest that puguntano could improve glucose metabolism and ameliorate insulin resistance and have anti-inflammatory effects mediated through AdipoR in T2DM.


2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Helma Karimi ◽  
Masoumeh Nezhadali ◽  
Mehdi Hedayati ◽  
Maryam Mahdavi ◽  
Sara Sheikholeslami

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Some adipokine hormones can affect both human and animal models of insulin resistance. <b><i>Aims:</i></b> This study was conducted to assess the association between rs17300539 and rs266729 of the adiponectin gene and insulin resistance and anthropometric and metabolic characteristics in impaired fasting glucose (IFG)/type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and nondiabetic participants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> DNA was extracted from 80 participants with fasting blood sugar (FBS) &#x3c;100 mg/dL in nondiabetics and 80 participants with FBS ≥100 mg/dL in the IFG/T2DM group. Genotyping was performed using a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 20. Insulin and adiponectin hormone were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and other biochemical variables were determined using the standard methods. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The levels of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) between the IFG/T2DM and the nondiabetic group were significantly different (IFG/T2DM = 3.27, nondiabetic = 1.71; <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The frequency of the GA genotype of rs17300539 was higher in the insulin-resistant (HOMA-IR ≥2.6, 29.7%) than in the insulin-sensitive group (HOMA-IR &#x3c;2.6, 18.4%) and the GG genotype were more frequent in the insulin-sensitive group (81.6%); however, it had a marginal association (<i>p</i> = 0.07). This association was not statistically significant for rs266729. HOMA-IR had a positive correlation with triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) and was negatively correlated with adiponectin level. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> IFG/T2DM patients have a higher level of HOMA-IR in comparison with nondiabetics. The genotype of GA in rs17300539 increases the risk of HOMA-IR. HOMA-IR has a positive correlation with TC and TG. Moreover, HOMA-IR increases the risk of T2DM.


2021 ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
T. S. Vatseba

Abstract. The aim of the study was to investigate insulin resistance in patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer diagnosed in people with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. 64 patients were examined. They were divided into the following groups: group I – healthy people (control group) (n = 16); group II – patients with type 2 diabetes without cancer (n = 28); group IIIa – patients with type 2 diabetes with pancreatic cancer (n = 10), group IIIb – patients with type 2 diabetes with colorectal cancer (n = 10). The study involved patients from specialized departments of the Ivano-Frankivsk Regional Hospital and the Precarpathian Clinical Oncology Center. Blood insulin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using Insulin ELISA diagnostic kits, EIA-2935. Fasting blood glucose was determined by glucose oxidase method. Compensation for diabetes was assessed by the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and determined by ion exchange chromatography. Data analysis was performed using Statistica 12.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA). Differences between the values in the comparison groups were determined by Student’s t-test and were considered significant at P < 0.05. Results. Patients with type 2 diabetes who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer or colorectal cancer were older, compared with patients with type 2 diabetes without cancer (P < 0.05). Obesity was diagnosed in patients with colorectal cancer of group IIIb, their BMI was higher in comparison with patients of group IIIa who suffered from pancreatic cancer (P < 0.05). BMI in patients of group IIIa was lower than in control group (P < 0.05), in patients of group II (P < 0.05) and in patients of group IIIb with colorectal cancer (P < 0.05). Compared with patients of group II, patients with pancreatic and colorectal cancer had significantly lower insulin levels (P < 0.05), but significantly higher fasting blood glucose levels (P < 0.05). Insulin resistance according to the HOMA-IR index (> 3.0) was detected in both types of cancer. The HOMA-IR index in patients with pancreatic cancer was significantly lower than in patients of group II (P < 0.05). The level of HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes without cancer and in patients with cancer diagnosed on the background of diabetes did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). Prior to cancer detection, the same number of patients (50.0%) received metformin-free therapy in both the pancreatic cancer group and the colorectal cancer group. However, the duration of diabetes in patients with pancreatic cancer was 2.90 ± 2.60 years and was significantly shorter than in patients with colorectal cancer 9.70 ± 5.66 (P < 0.05). 80.0% of patients in group IIIa had a history of diabetes less than 5 years, and 80.0% of patients in group IIIb – more than 5 years. Conclusions: 1.In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with pancreatic cancer, as well as in patients with colorectal cancer, insulin resistance was detected by the HOMA-IR index, which depended on the combined effect of insulin and hyperglycemia in patients with colorectal cancer and on the fasting blood glucose in patients with pancreatic cancer. 2. The absence of hyperinsulinemia, the short duration of type 2 diabetes in patients with pancreatic cancer may be indirect evidence of cancer induced pancreatogenic diabetes (T3cDM) in the majority of patients of this group. For elderly patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus without obesity, without hyperinsulinemia, screening for pancreatic cancer is recommended.


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