scholarly journals Shifting parental roles, caregiving practices and the face of child development in low resource informal settlements of Nairobi: experiences of community health workers and school teachers

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi Kumar ◽  
Beatrice Madeghe ◽  
Judith Osok-Waudo ◽  
Grace Nduku Wambua ◽  
Beatrice Kagai Amugune
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals Enhancing early detection of neurological and developmental disorders and provision of intervention in low-resource settings in Uttar Pradesh, India: study protocol of the G.A.N.E.S.H. programme

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e037335
Author(s):  
Moreno Toldo ◽  
Swami Varishthananda ◽  
Christa Einspieler ◽  
Neeraj Tripathi ◽  
Anshu Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Movement Assessment ◽  
General Movement

IntroductionAround 9% of India’s children under six are diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders. Low-resource, rural communities often lack programmes for early identification and intervention. The Prechtl General Movement Assessment (GMA) is regarded as the best clinical tool to predict cerebral palsy in infants <5 months. In addition, children with developmental delay, intellectual disabilities, late detected genetic disorders or autism spectrum disorder show abnormal general movements (GMs) during infancy. General Movement Assessment in Neonates for Early Identification and Intervention, Social Support and Health Awareness (G.A.N.E.S.H.) aims to (1) provide evidence as to whether community health workers can support the identification of infants at high-risk for neurological and developmental disorders and disabilities, (2) monitor further development in those infants and (3) initiate early and targeted intervention procedures.MethodsThis 3-year observational cohort study will comprise at least 2000 infants born across four districts of Uttar Pradesh, India. Community health workers, certified for GMA, video record and assess the infants’ GMs twice, that is, within 2 months after birth and at 3–5 months. In case of abnormal GMs and/or reduced MOSs, infants are further examined by a paediatrician and a neurologist. If necessary, early intervention strategies (treatment as usual) are introduced. After paediatric and neurodevelopmental assessments at 12–24 months, outcomes are categorised as normal or neurological/developmental disorders. Research objective (1): to relate the GMA to the outcome at 12–24 months. Research objective (2): to investigate the impact of predefined exposures. Research objective (3): to evaluate the interscorer agreement of GMA.Ethics and disseminationG.A.N.E.S.H. received ethics approval from the Indian Government Chief Medical Officers of Varanasi and Mirzapur and from the Ramakrishna Mission Home of Service in Varanasi. GMA is a worldwide used diagnostic tool, approved by the Ethics Committee of the Medical University of Graz, Austria (27-388 ex 14/15). Apart from peer-reviewed publications, we are planning to deploy G.A.N.E.S.H. in other vulnerable settings.

scholarly journals Community health workers’ attitudes, practices and perceptions towards the COVID-19 pandemic in brazilian low-income communities

Work ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nilson do Rosário Costa ◽  
Hugo Bellas ◽  
Paulo Roberto Fagundes da Silva ◽  
Paulo Victor Rodrigues de Carvalho ◽  
Deborah Uhr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
The Face ◽  
Modes Of Interaction ◽  
Poor Communities

BACKGROUND: Community Health Workers (CHW) are a category of social workers described in many countries’ health systems as responsible for engaging people in their residences and communities, and other non-clinical spaces to enable access to health services, especially in low-income areas. These professionals have been exposed to numerous new risks during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE: This study describes how the COVID-19 pandemic is perceived by CHWs who work in poor communities or slums in Brazil. METHODS: We conducted an online survey with a random sample of 775 CHWs operating in 368 municipalities of the 26 Brazilian states. At a confidence level of 95% , results of the survey were subject to a maximum sampling error of 4% . RESULTS: Our data indicate that the negationist agenda increases the challenges to the performance of CHWs within low-income communities, preventing the consensus on the necessity of social distancing, business closures and other measures to face the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSION: The pandemic imposes unexpected challenges on the usual modes of interaction of public health officers with poor communities. This study provides evidence that these challenges have been ignored or minimized in Brazilian policy prescriptions for primary care in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Psychological treatments delivered by community health workers in low-resource government health systems: effectiveness of group interpersonal psychotherapy for caregivers of children affected by nodding syndrome in Uganda

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (15) ◽  
pp. 2573-2583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byamah B. Mutamba ◽  
Jeremy C. Kane ◽  
Joop T. V. M. de Jong ◽  
James Okello ◽  
Seggane Musisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Workers ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
National Health ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Interpersonal Psychotherapy ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Psychological Treatments ◽  
Low Resource

BackgroundDespite increasing evidence for the benefits of psychological treatments (PTs) in low- and middle-income countries, few national health systems have adopted PTs as standard care. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT-G) intervention, when delivered by lay community health workers (LCHWs) in a low-resource government health system in Uganda. The intended outcome was reduction of depression among caregivers of children with nodding syndrome, a neuropsychiatric condition with high morbidity, mortality and social stigma.MethodsA non-randomized trial design was used. Caregivers in six villages (n = 69) received treatment as usual (TAU), according to government guidelines. Caregivers in seven villages (n = 73) received TAU as well as 12 sessions of IPT-G delivered by LCHWs. Primary outcomes were caregiver and child depression assessed at 1 and 6 months post-intervention.ResultsCaregivers who received IPT-G had a significantly greater reduction in the risk of depression from baseline to 1 month [risk ratio (RR) 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.10–0.62] and 6 months (RR 0.33, 95% CI 0.11–0.95) post-intervention compared with caregivers who received TAU. Children of caregivers who received IPT-G had significantly greater reduction in depression scores than children of TAU caregivers at 1 month (Cohen's d = 0.57, p = 0.01) and 6 months (Cohen's d = 0.54, p = 0.03). Significant effects were also observed for psychological distress, stigma and social support among caregivers.ConclusionIPT-G delivered within a low-resource health system is an effective PT for common mental health problems in caregivers of children with a severe neuropsychiatric condition and has psychological benefits for the children as well. This supports national health policy initiatives to integrate PTs into primary health care services in Uganda.

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