scholarly journals Knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of Latinas in cleaning occupations in northern New Jersey: a cross-sectional mixed methods study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Speiser ◽  
Genevieve Pinto Zipp ◽  
Deborah A. DeLuca ◽  
Ana Paula Cupertino ◽  
Evelyn Arana-Chicas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Groups ◽  
Chemical Exposure ◽  
The United States ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
At Home

Abstract Background In the United States, 88.3% of all 1,163,000 maids and housekeeping cleaners are female, and approximately half of them Latinas. Latinas are understudied and underrepresented in health research, particularly involving chemical exposure in cleaning practices, lack of job training, and inadequate access to personal protective equipment. The purpose of this study is twofold: 1) to examine the knowledge (via training experiences), attitudes and behaviors of a heterogeneous group of Latinas who clean occupationally and 2) to assess their cleaning practices at work and at home. Methods This mixed-method study consisted of two phases: 1) three focus groups to explore knowledge (via training experiences), attitudes, and behaviors regarding cleaning practices (N = 15) and 2) a 43-question cross-sectional survey. Focus group audio recordings were analyzed using descriptive and in vivo coding and then coded inductively to explore thematic analysis. Statistical analysis of the survey evaluated means, frequency and percentage for each of the responses. Results Participants (n = 9) were women (mean age = 48.78 and SD = 6.72) from South America (n = 5), Mexico (n = 1), El Salvador (n = 1) and Dominican Republic (n = 2). The mean length of time living in the US was 18.78 years and over half (55.6%) worked in the cleaning industry for 10 or more years. Findings from the three focus groups (n = 15) included that training in cleaning often occurred informally at a very young age at home. Participants reported cleaning in groups where tasks are rotated and/or shared. Most were the primary person cleaning at home, suggesting increased exposure. Gloves and masks were the most frequently used PPE, but use was not consistent. For participants who purchase their own products, driving factors included price, smell and efficacy. Some participants used products supplied or preferred by the employer. Conclusions Latinas in cleaning occupations face a range of social and health barriers including lack of safety and health training, inadequate PPE and low literacy. To address these issues, the development of an intervention is warranted to provide training and resources for this critical population of essential workers.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Related to Sodium Intake and Reduction Among Adult Consumers in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deesha Patel ◽  
Mary E. Cogswell ◽  
Katherine John ◽  
Stephanie Creel ◽  
Carma Ayala
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Professional Advice ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Reduce Sodium Intake ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Respondent Characteristics

Purpose. To describe the prevalence and determinants of sodium-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among U.S. adults Design. A cross-sectional survey was used. Setting. The study was set in the United States in 2012. Subjects. Participants were 6122 U.S. adults. Measures. Sodium-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were measured. Analysis. Chi-squared tests were used to determine differences in sodium-related knowledge, attitude, and behaviors by respondent characteristics; multiple logistic regression was used to examine associations between selected respondent characteristics and health professional advice, reported action, or knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (adjusted for all other respondent characteristics). Results. About three-fourths of respondents answered eating too much sodium is “somewhat” or “very” harmful to their health. Twenty-six percent reported receiving health professional advice, and 45% reported taking action to reduce their sodium intake. The prevalence of reported action was highest among adults receiving advice, those with hypertension, blacks, and those aged ≥65 years. Sixty-two percent who reported action agreed that most of their sodium comes from processed or restaurant foods. Of those reporting action, the most common tactics to reduce sodium intake were checking nutrition labels, using other spices than salt, and choosing low-sodium foods; requesting lower-sodium options when eating out was the least common tactic. Conclusion. Results suggest almost half of adults overall and the vast majority of those receiving health professional advice are taking some action to watch or reduce sodium intake. Although a substantial proportion report using recommended tactics to lower intake, many are not using the most effective tactics. In order to reach the general population, health communication messages could be simpler and focus on the most effective tactics to reduce sodium intake. Furthermore, health professionals can help reduce sodium intake by discussing the benefits of sodium reduction and tactics to do so, regardless of a hypertension diagnosis.

Validation of an Instrument to Measure Patients' Intentions and Ability to Change Attitudes and Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 246-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arndt Büssing ◽  
Désirée Poier ◽  
Romy Lauche ◽  
Gustav Dobos ◽  
Holger Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Situational Awareness ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Chronic Pain Conditions ◽  
Health Situation

Background: The efficacy of specific interventions also of mind-body medicine is also dependent on the patients' ability to engage in these interventions and to perceive and change health-affecting attitudes and behaviors. The aim was to validate a 13-item instrument to measure (1) the patients' perception of specific attitudes and behaviors that are assumed to have a negative influence on the health situation, (2) their intention to change them, and (3) the implementation of the intended changes in their life affairs. Patients and Methods: Anonymous cross-sectional survey among 512 patients with chronic pain conditions (mean age 42.6 ± 11.4 years; 58% women) using standardized instruments. Results: After the elimination of 4 items, an explorative factor analysis of the 9 remaining items indicated 2 factors that would explain 57% of the variance: Perceptions/Intentions (5 items; Cronbach's alpha = 0.75) and Ability/ Implementation (4 items; alpha = 0.77). Factor 2 correlated moderately to strongly with internal adaptive coping strategies (AKU) and situational awareness (CPSC), and weakly with mental health (SF-36), life satisfaction (BMLSS), and low depressive symptoms (BDI) and escape from illness (Escape). Factor 1 correlated weakly with age and adaptive coping strategies (AKU). Conclusions: The final 9-item Perception, Intention and Ability to Change (PIAC) scale was approved as a short, practicable and promising instrument, which should be further evaluated in the context of training and intervention programs, particularly with respect to its predictive relevance.

I think you can: transpersonal efficacy in teams

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 458-474
Author(s):  
Samantha Dubrow ◽  
Kyle J. Emich ◽  
Tara S. Behrend
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Task Interdependence ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Behaviors

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to expand the nomological network of a relational efficacy construct, transpersonal efficacy, and examine its effect on attitudes and behaviors important for team performance. The authors identify several antecedents to transpersonal efficacy, including task interdependence, agreeableness and conscientiousness. The authors also find that transpersonal efficacy is related to relational attitudes and behaviors in teams.Design/methodology/approachThis study consists of an online cross-sectional survey completed by participants representing a wide range of occupations, team types, contexts and industries. Participants reported on their working relationships with team members and various behavioral outcomes. Participants used the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) to describe their teammates’ job requirements and to evaluate each teammate’s ability to complete required tasks. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to test hypotheses.FindingsFindings suggest that people in highly interdependent teams have more confidence in their teammates. Further, transpersonal efficacy predicts relationship, task and process conflict when controlling for team task interdependence and virtualness, along with individual differences including agreeableness and conscientiousness. Transpersonal efficacy also contributes to the prediction of relationship conflict beyond the explained variance of collective efficacy.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to our understanding of individuals in teams by using social cognitive theory, expectancy theory and uncertainty reduction theory as a base for predicting the value of transpersonal efficacy in driving relational team behaviors. The authors uniquely consider efficacy as an interpersonal construct that is related to individual behaviors and attitudes that target specific teammates, rather than the team as a whole.

scholarly journals Attitudes and Behaviors That Impact Skin Cancer Risk among Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 9989
Author(s):  
Gabrielle J. Adams ◽  
Elianna K. Goldstein ◽  
Beth G. Goldstein ◽  
Kristen L. Jarman ◽  
Adam O. Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Sun Protection ◽  
Amazon Mechanical Turk ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Protective Methods

Despite substantially higher skin cancer risks, little research has investigated men’s attitudes about skin cancer and how those attitudes relate to their risks of developing skin cancer. This study aims to close the gap in research, regarding men’s perceptions and behaviors about skin cancer, sun exposure, and tanning. This study utilized a cross-sectional survey of 705 men recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), reporting attitudes and behaviors towards sun exposure, tanning, and sun protection. While the majority of men reported large daily outdoor activities, that their skin frequently burns with sun exposure, and riskier perceptions of tanning, only a minority reported daily use of sunscreen or most other sun protective behaviors. More sun protection methods were associated with more frequent use of sunscreen and less positive tanning perceptions. Men consistently engaged in high-risk behaviors for developing skin cancer, but they did not engage highly in protective behaviors to mitigate their risk. The findings can help improve clinical and public health interventions to lower men’s risk of skin cancer with strong messages about sunscreen use and sun protective methods.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions in Eastern Zimbabwe: A Cross-Sectional Study

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1109
Author(s):  
Lauren McAbee ◽  
Oscar Tapera ◽  
Mufaro Kanyangarara
Keyword(s):  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Safety ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors

Vaccines are one of the most effective public health strategies to protect against infectious diseases, yet vaccine hesitancy has emerged as a global health threat. Understanding COVID-19 knowledge and attitudes and their association with vaccine intentions can help the targeting of strategies to increase vaccination uptake and achieve herd immunity. The goal of this study was to assess COVID-19 knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors, and identify factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine intentions among heads of households in Manicaland Province, Zimbabwe. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in May 2021 among 551 randomly selected households. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, and knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding COVID-19 and the vaccines. More than half (55.7%) of the respondents reported intending to vaccinate themselves or their households. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that the likelihood of vaccine intentions was most strongly associated with confidence in vaccine safety. Additionally, the odds of intending to get vaccinated were significantly higher among heads of households who were male, had a higher level of education, and identified vaccination and face mask usage as prevention measures. Among perceived motivators to vaccinate, recommendations from the World Health Organization and availability of the vaccine free of charge increased the likelihood of vaccine intentions, while country of vaccine manufacturer posed a barrier to vaccine intentions. As the vaccine rollout in Zimbabwe continues, efforts to increase COVID-19 vaccination coverage and achieve herd immunity should target females and less educated populations and be tailored to address concerns about vaccine safety and country of manufacturer.

Family Discussion about Organ Donation among African Americans

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamon Atkins ◽  
Kimberly Davis ◽  
Samuel M. Holtzman ◽  
Roger Durand ◽  
Phillip J. Decker
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Organ Donation ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diffuse Support

Context Relatively little is known about family discussion concerning donation among African Americans in the United States, especially discussion predating the brain death of a family member and the donor request process. Objectives To explore the inclination of African Americans to engage in family discussion about organ donation and the characteristics of those who expressed a desire to their families to donate their organs upon death. Design Focus groups and a cross-sectional survey. Setting A large metropolitan complex in Houston, Tex, with a relatively sizeable African American population. Participants A total of 18 persons of African American background participated in 2 focus groups; 375 randomly selected African American residents were surveyed by questionnaire. Main Outcome Measure Prodonation family discussion. Results Only 10% of subjects were found to be in the “action” (having had a prodonation discussion) or “maintenance” (having had a prodonation discussion and not inclined to alter one's wishes) stages with regard to family discussion. These subjects were not found distinguished from others by age, gender, education, or frequency of religious attendance. They were, however, found differentiated from others by feelings of diffuse support for donation, knowledge of donation, having read or heard a lot about donation, and by the belief that organ donation was not against one's religion—when these variables were individually considered. Yet, when these variables were simultaneously considered in a multivariate discriminant function analysis, diffuse support for donation no longer distinguished those in the action/maintenance stage from other subjects.

scholarly journals Attitudes and Behaviors of Health Care Professionals Towards Preventive Measures Against COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Asma Yunus ◽  
Shahzad Khaver Mushtaq ◽  
Fouzia Sadaf ◽  
Nadeem Arshad ◽  
Sehrish Batool
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Support Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors

The purpose of this study is that healthcare professionals play the most significant role in tackling pandemic COVID-19 and are considered as the most vulnerable and at-risk population for infection. An effective response to a pandemic depends on the attitudes and behaviors of physicians, nursing, staff, lab technicians, and other support staff.  The study was conducted to explore the attitudes and behaviors of health care professionals towards preventive measures against COVID-19. The study was designed following the positivistic research paradigm hence cross-sectional survey research was selected as the most appropriate design. For the purpose of data collection, a self-administered structured questionnaire was developed and used. The survey was conducted during the month of March 2020 in Punjab through an online data collection method from 150 health care professionals working in various public sector hospitals in Punjab. The questionnaire was uploaded on the survey monkey website and shared on various social media platforms to collect data in order to get responses. Results show that self-reported anxiety level is high among physicians and nurses as compared to technical and support staff.  Data shows that there are significant differences in attitudes and behaviors towards preventive measures against pandemic COVID-19 between physicians and nurses especially about the adoption of various techniques for improving immunity.  It was also found that there are significant attitudinal and behavioral differences according to sex, region of residence, and marital status of health care professionals. 

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