scholarly journals Factor structure of the depression anxiety stress Scale-21 (DASS-21): Unidimensionality of the Arabic version among Egyptian drug users

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Mohammed Ali ◽  
Joseph Green
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Convergent Validation ◽  
Validation Tests ◽  
Validation Testing

Abstract Background Emotional distress is common among illicit drug users, and it can negatively affect treatment outcomes and increase the risk of relapse. Nonetheless, instruments that properly measure emotional distress are lacking. Therefore, this study investigated the factor structure of the Arabic Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in that population. Methods The DASS-21 and the Self-stigma of Alcohol Dependence Scale (SSAD) were completed by 149 inpatient Egyptian drug users. The DASS-21 was examined using exploratory factor analysis, partial confirmatory factor analysis, and parallel analysis. For validation testing, correlations between stigma scores and DASS scores were computed. Results A one-factor solution provided the best fit to the DASS-21 data. Four items with low loadings were removed. The resulting DASS-17 was also unidimensional, and its reliability was high (0.88). On the validation tests, the DASS scores correlated with the stigma scores as hypothesized. Conclusion Subscales of the Arabic version of the DASS-21 do not differentiate between depression and anxiety. A modified 17-item version (the DASS-17) was suitable for measuring overall distress, and the results of convergent validation testing indicated that it was superior to the DASS-21.

The Arabic Version of The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21: Cumulative scaling and discriminant-validation testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 56-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Mohammed Ali ◽  
Anwar Ahmed ◽  
Amira Sharaf ◽  
Norito Kawakami ◽  
Samia M. Abdeldayem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Version ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Validation Testing

scholarly journals The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21: Development and Validation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-item in Psychiatric Patients and the General Public for Easier Mental Health Measurement in a Post-COVID-19 World

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Ali ◽  
Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees ◽  
Hiroaki Hori ◽  
Yoshiharu Kim ◽  
Hiroshi Kunugi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
General Public ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

Despite extensive investigations of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) since its development in 1995, its factor structure and other psychometric properties still need to be firmly established, with several calls for revising its item structure. Employing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), this study examined the factor structure of the DASS-21 and five shortened versions of the DASS-21 among psychiatric patients (N = 168) and the general public (N = 992) during the COVID-19 confinement period in Saudi Arabia. Multigroup CFA, Mann Whitney W test, Spearman’s correlation, and coefficient alpha were used to examine the shortened versions of the DASS-21 (DASS-13, DASS-12, DASS-9 (two versions), and DASS-8) for invariance across age and gender groups, discriminant validity, predictive validity, item coverage, and internal consistency, respectively. Compared with the DASS-21, all three-factor structures of the shortened versions expressed good fit, with the DASS-8 demonstrating the best fit and highest item loadings on the corresponding factors in both samples (χ2(16, 15) = 16.5, 67.0; p = 0.420, 0.000; CFI= 1.000, 0.998; TLI = 0.999, 0.997; RMSEA = 0.013, 0.059, SRMR = 0.0186, 0.0203). It expressed configural, metric, and scalar invariance across age and gender groups. Its internal consistency was comparable to other versions (α = 0.94). Strong positive correlations of the DASS-8 and its subscales with the DASS-21 and its subscales (r = 0.97 to 0.81) suggest adequate item coverage and good predictive validity of this version. The DASS-8 and its subscales distinguished the clinical sample from the general public at the same level of significance expressed by the DASS-21 and other shortened versions, supporting its discriminant validity. Neither the DASS-21 nor the shortened versions distinguished patients diagnosed with depression and anxiety from other conditions. The DASS-8 represents a valid short version of the DASS-21, which may be useful in research and clinical practice for quick identification of individuals with potential psychopathologies. Diagnosing depression/anxiety disorders may be further confirmed in a next step by clinician-facilitated examinations. Brevity of the DASS-21 would save time and effort used for filling the questionnaire and support comprehensive assessments by allowing the inclusion of more measures on test batteries.

scholarly journals The Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21: Development and Validation of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 8-Item in Psychiatric Patients and the General Public for Easier Mental Health Measurement in a Post COVID-19 World

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10142
Author(s):  
Amira Mohammed Ali ◽  
Abdulmajeed A. Alkhamees ◽  
Hiroaki Hori ◽  
Yoshiharu Kim ◽  
Hiroshi Kunugi
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
General Public ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Gender Groups

Despite extensive investigations of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21) since its development in 1995, its factor structure and other psychometric properties still need to be firmly established, with several calls for revising its item structure. Employing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), this study examined the factor structure of the DASS-21 and five shortened versions of the DASS-21 among psychiatric patients (N = 168) and the general public (N = 992) during the COVID-19 confinement period in Saudi Arabia. Multigroup CFA, Mann Whitney W test, Spearman’s correlation, and coefficient alpha were used to examine the shortened versions of the DASS-21 (DASS-13, DASS-12, DASS-9 (two versions), and DASS-8) for invariance across age and gender groups, discriminant validity, predictive validity, item coverage, and internal consistency, respectively. Compared with the DASS-21, all three-factor structures of the shortened versions expressed good fit, with the DASS-8 demonstrating the best fit and highest item loadings on the corresponding factors in both samples (χ2(16, 15) = 16.5, 67.0; p = 0.420, 0.001; CFI = 1.000, 0.998; TLI = 0.999, 0.997; RMSEA = 0.013, 0.059, SRMR = 0.0186, 0.0203). The DASS-8 expressed configural, metric, and scalar invariance across age and gender groups. Its internal consistency was comparable to other versions (α = 0.94). Strong positive correlations of the DASS-8 and its subscales with the DASS-21 and its subscales (r = 0.97 to 0.81) suggest adequate item coverage and good predictive validity of this version. The DASS-8 and its subscales distinguished the clinical sample from the general public at the same level of significance expressed by the DASS-21 and other shortened versions, supporting its discriminant validity. Neither the DASS-21 nor the shortened versions distinguished patients diagnosed with depression and anxiety from each other or from other psychiatric conditions. The DASS-8 represents a valid short version of the DASS-21, which may be useful in research and clinical practice for quick identification of individuals with potential psychopathologies. Diagnosing depression/anxiety disorders may be further confirmed in a next step by clinician-facilitated examinations. Brevity of the DASS-21 would save time and effort used for filling the questionnaire and support comprehensive assessments by allowing the inclusion of more measures on test batteries.

scholarly journals The Psychometric Properties of Extraversion and Neuroticism Scale by Using Likert- Type Item Format

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 76
Author(s):  
Imtanious Mkhael
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Divergent Validity ◽  
Item Format ◽  
Convergent And Divergent Validity ◽  
Neuroticism Scale

The main objective of the present study was to develop an Arabic version of Junior Eysenck Extraversion and Neuroticism Questionnaire-Revised (12 items for Extraversion and 12 items for Neuroticism) and to assess its psychometric properties by using the Likert-type item format with five categories against the dichotomous(yes or no) one. In order to achieve the objective of the study several methods of reliability and validity were used, and the instrument under investigation was administered to several samples (N=727 subjects). Investigation of the internal consistency of the Extraversion, and the Neuroticism scales using alpha and item-total correlations showed that Likert-type item format of these scales to be superior to dichotomous one. Study also displayed improvements in test-retest reliabilities, convergent and divergent validity of the Likert-type item format of the Extraversion and Neuroticism scales. Validity of these subscales was also supported by their intercorrelations, as well as their factor analysis which confirmed that the instrument under consideration had the same factor structure as was observed in the original dichotomous version. 

scholarly journals Psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale: Factor structure, reliability, gender, and age measurement invariance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-76
Author(s):  
Darmawan Muttaqin ◽  
Serena Ripa
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Measurement Instruments ◽  
Depression Anxiety Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Composite Reliability

Measurement instruments that have satisfactory psychometric properties are needed to improve mental health research and services, especially in the effort to measure, identify, and monitor the psychological problems experienced by individuals. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS). The study involved 1,922 participants from Surabaya aged between 16 and 26. The data were obtained using the convenience sampling method. Testing of the factor structure, reliability, and measurement invariance of the Indonesian DASS was performed using a confirmatory factor, composite reliability, and multi-group analysis. It was found that a bifactor model consisting of specific (depression, anxiety, and stress) and general (psychological distress) factors was the best structure for the DASS. Furthermore, the model also showed satisfactory composite reliability and measurement invariance across genders. The results indicated that the Indonesian version of the DASS was a valid and reliable instrument for measuring and comparing depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological distress between genders in the Indonesian sample.

scholarly journals Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) psychometric properties in migrants and native Germans

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Diane Bastianon ◽  
Eva M. Klein ◽  
Ana Nanette Tibubos ◽  
Elmar Brähler ◽  
Manfred E. Beutel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Migration Background ◽  
German Version ◽  
Perceived Stress Scale ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Good Internal Consistency

Abstract Background With the increasing diversity of the German population, it is important to test the psychometric validity and reliability of the German version Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) specifically between German natives and residents with a migration background. Methods Using nationally representative data (N = 2527), this study conducted an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) to determine the most appropriate factor structure, a Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis (MGCFA) to compare the validity of the two-factor structure and tested the PSS-10 measurement invariance between the German native and migrant sub-samples. Lastly, reliability of the PSS-10 was examined via Cronbach’s alpha, omega and individual item analyses across the two sub-samples. Results The EFA results support a two-factor structure in the migrant sample. The MGCFA showed adequate model fit for both sub-samples and the PSS-10 is strict invariant between German natives and migrants. Cronbach’s alpha and omega for Perceived Helplessness (PHS: factor 1) and Perceived Self-Efficacy (PSES: factor 2) demonstrate good internal consistency in both German and migrant sub-samples. Conclusions The key conclusions are: (1) the German version PSS-10 is suitable for German residents with a migration background. (2) Despite good internal consistency for the total scale, the PSS-10 measures two aspects: (a) perceived helplessness and (b) perceived self-efficacy. Future research would profit from analyzing the two subscales separately, not only using the total score.

An Arabic Version of the Study Process Questionnaire: Reliability and Validity

1995 ◽  
Vol 77 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Albaili
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Oblique Rotation ◽  
Surface Approach ◽  
Study Process

The reliability and validity of the Study Process Questionnaire were investigated for 246 United Arab Emirates college students. Analysis provided satisfactory estimates of internal consistency and stability over a 4-wk. period. Results of factor analysis followed by oblique rotation of the six subscales supported the factor structure underlying the questionnaire. In addition, surface approach correlated negatively with students' GPAs and deep and achieving approaches correlated positively with students' GPAs, indicating that the questionnaire approaches were valid in predicting college academic performance. These findings lend support to the reliability and validity of the questionnaire as a measure of studying and learning. In sum, the present investigation provides some evidence suggesting that this instrument can be used with some confidence with subjects other than Australian university students when students are influenced by different traditions, practices, and educational systems.

The Development of the Job Stressor Appraisal Scale as Part of the Job Stress Battery

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilknur Özalp Türetgen ◽  
Özlem Sertel Berk ◽  
Gokce Basbug ◽  
Pinar Unsal
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Job Stressors ◽  
Job Stressor

This study introduces the psychometric qualities of the Job Stressor Appraisal Scale (JSAS), a part of the Job Stress Battery, which comprehensively measures job stress in terms of job stressors, moderators, and strains. The JSAS measures employees’ appraisals of job stressors by considering both their frequency and intensity. To test its psychometric qualities, we administered the JSAS to a sample of 1,069 employees in Turkey. Factor analysis revealed a 5-factor structure, with 43 items explaining 46.1% of the variance. Cronbach’s α coefficients of the factors and the total scale varied between .66 and .93. In terms of construct and convergent validities, results generally showed significant correlations in the expected directions. These findings obtained on the validity and reliability of the scale imply good psychometric qualities.

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