scholarly journals Survival and immune response of the Chagas vector Meccus pallidipennis (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) against two entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Laura Flores-Villegas ◽  
Margarita Cabrera-Bravo ◽  
Conchita Toriello ◽  
Martha I. Bucio-Torres ◽  
Paz María Salazar-Schettino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Meccus Pallidipennis

Evaluation of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Isaria fumosorosea for Control of Sitophilus oryzae

2014 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICKOLAS G. KAVALLIERATOS ◽  
CHRISTOS G. ATHANASSIOU ◽  
MARIA M. AOUNTALA ◽  
DEMETRIUS C. KONTODIMAS
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Stored Grain Pest ◽  
Petri Dishes

The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Isaria fumosorosea were tested against the stored-grain pest Sitophilus oryzae. The fungi were isolated from the soil (from three locations in Attica, Greece: B. bassiana from Tatoion, M. anisopliae from Marathon, and I. fumosorosea from Aghios Stefanos) using larvae of Galleria mellonella as bait. Suspensions of 2.11 × 107 and 2.11 × 108, 1.77 × 107 and 1.77 × 108, and 1.81 × 107 and 1.81 × 108 conidia per ml of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and I. fumosorosea, respectively, were applied by three treatments: (i) sprayed on food and set in petri dishes with adults of S. oryzae, (ii) sprayed on adults of S. oryzae and set in petri dishes without food, and (iii) sprayed on adults of S. oryzae and set in petri dishes with food. The observed mortality of S. oryzae adults during the overall exposure period for the lowest, as well as for the highest, concentrations of B. bassiana, M. anisopliae, and I. fumosorosea ranged from 0 to 100%. Concentration was, in most of the cases tested, a critical parameter that determined the “speed of kill” of the exposed insect species for B. bassiana and M. anisopliae. Conversely, concentration was not that critical for I. fumosorosea, and survival was high in some of the combinations tested, even after 14 days of exposure. Both in the highest and the lowest concentrations of fungi, the mortality of S. oryzae adults was higher when the fungi were applied on adults than when they were applied on food. Higher mortality was observed when food was absent than when food was present, in most of the cases tested. The high efficacy levels recorded in the current study indicate that the tested fungi could be effective biocontrol agents against S. oryzae.

scholarly journals Effects of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae on the Mortality and Immune Response of Locusta migratoria

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuji Jiang ◽  
Yifan Peng ◽  
Jiayi Ye ◽  
Yiyi Wen ◽  
Gexin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Locusta Migratoria ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Immune Related Genes ◽  
Locusta Migratoria Manilensis

Entomopathogenic fungi are the key regulators of insect populations and some of them are important biological agents used in integrated pest management strategies. Compared with their ability to become resistant to insecticides, insect pests do not easily become resistant to the infection by entomopathogenic fungi. In this study, we evaluated the mortality and immune response of the serious crop pest Locusta migratoria manilensis after exposure to a new entomopathogenic fungus strain, Metarhizium anisopliae CQMa421. M. anisopliae CQMa421 could effectively infect and kill the L. migratoria adults and nymphs. The locust LT50 under 1 × 108 conidia/mL concentration of M. anisopliae was much lower than that under conidial concentration 1 × 105 conidia/mL (i.e., 6.0 vs. 11.2 and 5.0 vs. 13.8 for adults and nymphs, respectively). The LC50 (log10) of M. anisopliae against locust adults and nymphs after 10 days was 5.2 and 5.6, respectively. Although the number of hemocytes in L. migratoria after exposure to M. anisopliae did not differ with that in the controls, the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and prophenoloxidase (ProPO) did differ between the two treatments. The activities of both SOD and ProPO under the M. anisopliae treatment were lower than that in the controls, except for the ProPO activity at 72 h and the SOD activity at 96 h. Further, the expression of the L. migratoria immune-related genes defensin, spaetzle, and attacin differed after exposure to M. anisopliae for 24 h to 96 h. Taken together, this study indicated that infection with M. anisopliae CQMa421 could cause the death of L. migratoria by interacting with the immune responses of the host, demonstrating that this fungal strain of M. anisopliae can be an efficient biocontrol agent against L. migratoria.

scholarly journals Evaluación de insecticidas biorracionales en el control de mosca blanca (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) en la producción de hortalizas//Evaluation of biorational insecticides for whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) control in vegetables production

Biotecnia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Félix D. Murillo-Cuevas ◽  
Héctor Cabrera-Mireles ◽  
Jacel Adame-García ◽  
José Antonio Fernández-Viveros ◽  
Jazmin Villegas Narváez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
High Technology ◽  
The State ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Traditional Production ◽  
Sky Conditions ◽  
Production Conditions

En el estado de Veracruz, el control de mosca blanca con insecticidas sintéticos en las hortalizas ha provocado problemas de contaminación. El objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en evaluar la eficiencia de productos biorracionales en el control de mosca blanca en el cultivo de jitomate en condiciones de invernadero y en los cultivos de chile y calabacita en condiciones de cielo abierto. Para jitomate los tratamientos fueron Nim aceite 4% IA, Nim aceite + Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Nim aceite + Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1, Nim aceite + Isaria javanica 1x 107 mL-1 y un testigo (sin aplicación), y para chile y calabacita Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Isaria fumosorosea 1x107 mL-1, Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1 y un testigo (sin aplicación). Los tratamientos de Nim aceite + M. anisopliae y Nim aceite + I. javanica fueron los más eficientes en jitomate y los insecticidas a base de B. bassiana y M. anisopliae en chile y calabacita, respectivamente. Existe un potencial para el uso de hongos entomopatógenos para control de mosca blanca en los cultivos de jitomate en invernadero, chile y calabacitas a cielo abierto, potencial aplicable a condiciones de alta tecnología y de producción tradicional.ABSTRACTIn the state of Veracruz, the control of whitefly with synthetic insecticides in vegetables has caused contamination problems. The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the efficiency of biorational products for whitefly control in tomato cultivation under greenhouse conditions, and in chili and squash under open sky conditions. In tomato, treatments were Nim oil 4% IA, Nim oil + Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Nim oil + Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1, Nim oil + Isaria javanica 1x107 mL-1 and Blank (control). In chili and squash, treatments were Metarhizium anisopliae 1x107 mL-1, Isaria fumosorosea 1x107 mL-1, Beauveria bassiana 1x107 mL-1 and Blank (control). The Nim oil + M. anisopliae and Nim oil + I. javanica treatments were the most efficient in tomato and the B. bassiana and M. anisopliae based insecticides in chili and zucchini, respectively. There is a potential for the use of entomopathogenic fungi for whitefly control in tomato under greenhouse conditions, and chili and squash under open sky conditions, a potential applicable to high technology and traditional production conditions.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) to entomopathogenic fungi isolated from poultry houses litter and nearby soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Popowska-Nowak ◽  
Dorota Tumialis ◽  
Elżbieta Pezowicz
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Alphitobius Diaperinus ◽  
Poultry Houses ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Lesser Mealworm ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus is present in great numbers in poultry houses. These insects are especially dangerous as a potential carriers of pathogens such as bacteria, viruses and parasites. We explored the possibility of using local strains of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from litter and from soil to control lesser mealworm populations. Isolated fungi showed low pathogenicity to lesser mealworm beetles. Infection with a suspension at a concentration of 1 × 108 spores/ml resulted in only 4 Metarhizium anisopliae sensu lato isolates showing the highest insect mortality in the range of 30–36%. Still lower pathogenicity was found in isolates of Beauveria bassiana, with only 4 isolates of B. bassiana causing a mortality of 17–26%. Isolates of Isaria fumosorosea and I. farinosa did not cause mortality in beetles that differed significantly from that in the control variant. The larvae were more susceptible to infection. Except for I. fumosorosea, all species caused 100% mortality in larvae. For further studies, the B. bassiana 3K isolate (from the litter) could be selected because of its high mortality (100%) and high larval infectivity (50% overgrown with mycelium).

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Entomopathogenic Potential of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea for Management of Cosmopolites sordidus Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1290
Author(s):  
James Kisaakye ◽  
Hendrika Fourie ◽  
Danny Coyne ◽  
Laura Cortada ◽  
Shirlyne Masinde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Cosmopolites Sordidus ◽  
Banana Weevil ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana Isolates

The banana weevil (BW), Cosmopolites sordidus, is the main coleopteran pest of banana, causing up to 100% yield loss. In this study, we screened 20 isolates of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) for the management of BW. In the lab, eight Beauveria bassiana isolates caused >50% mortality of the adult BW, whereas Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea isolates were less pathogenic. B. bassiana isolates ICIPE 648, ICIPE 660 and ICIPE 273 were the most pathogenic, killing ≥80% of adult BW. B. bassiana isolate ICIPE 622 yielded the highest spores per BW cadaver (1.84 × 108 spores), followed by ICIPE 660, ICIPE 273 and ICIPE 648—1.17 × 108, 3.8 × 107 and 3.6 × 107 spores, respectively. ICIPE 273 had the shortest LT50 (5.3 days) followed by ICIPE 648 (9.8 days) and 660 (11.1 days). Similarly, the LC50 values for the three isolates were 5.18 × 107, 5.49 × 107 and 5.2 × 107 spores mL−1, respectively. In the field, ICIPE 273 and ICIPE 648 had the highest (31.3%) and lowest (20.8%) pathogenicity, respectively. This study indicates that the B. bassiana isolates ICIPE 273, ICIPE 648 and ICIPE 660 are potential candidates for the environmentally sustainable management of BW.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of indigenous strains of three entomopathogenic fungi to the sisal weevil, Scyphophorus acupunctatus (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
V.T. Gkounti ◽  
D. Markoyiannaki ◽  
D.Ch. Kontodimas
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Isaria Fumosorosea ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
High Pathogenicity

SummaryThe pathogenicity of indigenous isolates of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Isaria fumosorosea was evaluated in the laboratory against larvae and adults of the sisal weevil, Scyphophorus acupunctatus. Inoculation was achieved via immersion of individuals into conidia suspensions of different concentrations. All three fungal species proved high pathogenicity against larvae of the weevil, causing 100% mortality in most of the treatments. Beauveria bassiana caused the highest mortality of the adults (86.67±12%), followed by M. anisopliae (46.67±17.8%) and I. fumosorosea (40±17.5%). Mean survival time also differed significantly among treatments and life stages of the weevil. In total, larvae survived significantly fewer days than adults post infection. Results of the present study indicate the potential of indigenous strains of entomopathogenic fungi as biological control agents against the invasive weevil.

scholarly journals On the virulence of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Hypocreales), against the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shehzad ◽  
Muhammad Tariq ◽  
Tariq Mukhtar ◽  
Asim Gulzar
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Offspring Sex Ratio ◽  
Development Of Resistance

Abstract Background The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a noxious pest of cruciferous crops all over the world causing serious economic damage. Management of insect pest generally depends on chemical control; however, due to development of resistance against all types of insecticides, alternative approaches especially utilization of a microbial agent is inevitable. Results Potential of 2 entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), viz., Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, was evaluated against 2nd and 3rd larval instars of P. xylostella by adopting leaf dip and direct spraying methods under laboratory conditions. Significant mortality rate was achieved by each fungus under adopted methodologies. However, B. bassiana was found to be more effective in both conditions than M. anisopliae. Highest mean corrected mortality (77.80%) was recorded, when spores of B. bassiana were sprayed on the 2nd instar larvae (LC50=1.78×104/ml) after the 6th day of treatment. Similarly, incase of M. anisopliae LC50 for the 2nd instar at the same methodology was 2.78×104/ml with a mortality percentage of 70.0%. Offspring sex ratio was non-significantly related to treatment concentration and methodology, except for the control. Conclusion Beauveria bassiana and M. anisopliae had potential to suppress P. xylostella infestations when applied appropriately. Present findings suggested that B. bassiana and M. anisopliae when sprayed on immatures of host insect had more effect as compared to leaf dip procedure. Furthermore, no significant effect of concentrations was observed on sex ratio.

scholarly journals Growth of entomopathogenic fungi colonies Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin enriched with termite juice

2021 ◽  
Vol 667 (1) ◽  
pp. 012084
Author(s):  
N Anggraini ◽  
S Suhartono ◽  
A Alfizar ◽  
H Husni ◽  
S Rusdiana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document