scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of a rapid diagnostic test, an antibody ELISA, and a pLDH ELISA in detecting asymptomatic malaria parasitaemia in blood donors in Buea, Cameroon

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tebit Emmanuel Kwenti ◽  
Longdoh Anna Njunda ◽  
Beltine Tsamul ◽  
Shey Dickson Nsagha ◽  
Nguedia Jules-Clement Assob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Malaria Parasitaemia ◽  
Antibody Elisa

scholarly journals Usefulness of rapid diagnostic test in the diagnosis of asymptomatic malaria in HIV infected children on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in Benin City, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 312-317
Author(s):  
M.O. Ibadin ◽  
N. Eghafona
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Parasite Density ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Malaria Parasitaemia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parasite Count ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis

Background: Rapid diagnostic test (mRDT) is a useful tool in demonstrating parasitologically proven malaria. Its efficacy is however hampered  when parasite density is low. Prophylactic use of cotrimoxazoleas in cases of HIV infected children can cause reduction in parasite count. It is  doubtful if mRDT will retain its diagnostic usefulness among such individuals.Objectives: The study sought to evaluate the diagnostic value of mRDT in HIV infected children on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis in Benin City.Methods: In the prospective, cross sectional and descriptive study, we assessed malaria parasitaemia using standard methods in microscopy and parasite density and malaria antigenaemia using Care Start Pf (monoclonal antibodies specific to histidine rich protein – 2 antigen) in 221 each of HIV infected subjects on cotrimoxazole managed in a specialist clinic and HIV negative controls all seen at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital between April and June 2016.Results: Malaria antigenaemia rate MAr (20.8%) was lower than malaria parasitaemia rate MPr (24.4%) in subjects. MAr (20.8) and MPr (24.4%) in  subjects were higher than MAr (18.10%) and MPr (17.7%) in controls. Mean (SEM) parasite count in subjects of was low (50.88 + 2.24 per μl). Using microscopy as gold standard the sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of mRDT in subjects were 77.8%, 97.6%, 91.3% and 93.1%. Corresponding values in controls were 100.0%, 99.5%, 97.5% and 100.0%.Youden indices for subjects and controls were 0.75 and 0.99.Conclusions/Recommendations: Sensitivity of mRDT in HIV infected children on cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for opportunistic infections (OI) is reduced. However the indices of specificity, PPV and NPV are high enough to retain its value in the evaluation of HIV infected children for  asymptomatic malaria and perhaps the clinical disease. Keywords: mRDT, Utility, HIVinfected Children, Cotrimoxazoleprophylaxis, Benin City 

scholarly journals Blood Transfusion Service and Hospital Blood Rotation: The Implications on Transfusion Safety in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O D Damulak ◽  
E D Jatau ◽  
E Ekam ◽  
E Rumji ◽  
R Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Blood Transfusion Service ◽  
First Time

Blood donation is not readily an altruistic sacrifice in sub-Saharan Africa where microbial infections, maternal haemorrhages, malaria and other tropical diseases that frequently require blood transfusion are daily diagnoses. Blood transfusion safety is hindered by the combined prevailing high rate of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) and poor screening techniques. This study determined the rate of Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) positive reactions to transfusion-transmissible infections in rapid diagnostic test negative family replacement blood units, compared to the first time voluntarily donated blood. We studied records of blood units collected in a tertiary hospital from donors who scaled pre-donation Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) screening for the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and syphilis and rescreened by ELISA techniques at the National Blood Transfusion Service Centre in Jos, along with units from first-time voluntary blood donors. A total of 19562 blood units; 5945 (30.39%) rapid diagnostic tests negative from a linkage hospital and 13617 (69.61%) from first time voluntary donors were screened by ELISA methods for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis. The overall TTIs detected by ELISA was 16.08%, significantly lower among pre-donation rapid screened family replacement blood donors [495(8.32%)] compared to 2651 (19.47%) among first-time voluntary donors; P=0.0001. Fifty-seven (0.96%) HIV, 166 (2.79%) HBV, 137 (2.31%) HCV and 137 (2.31%) syphilis were still detected respectively by ELISA in the pre-screened negative family replacement blood units. The outcome of ELISA screenings of blood collected from first-time volunteer donors were; 143 (1.05%) HIV, 1,486 (10.91%) HBV, 683 (5.02%) HCV, and 339 (2.49%) syphilis. Blood for transfusion should be screened negative at least with ELISA.

scholarly journals Performance and usefulness of the Hexagon rapid diagnostic test in children with asymptomatic malaria living in the Mount Cameroon region

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Wanji ◽  
Helen K Kimbi ◽  
Joan E Eyong ◽  
Nicholas Tendongfor ◽  
Judith L Ndamukong
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Mount Cameroon

scholarly journals Blood Transfusion Service and Hospital Blood Rotation: The Implications on Transfusion Safety in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
O D Damulak ◽  
E D Jatau ◽  
E Ekam ◽  
E Rumji ◽  
R Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Donation ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Blood Transfusion Service ◽  
First Time

Blood donation is not readily an altruistic sacrifice in sub-Saharan Africa where microbial infections, maternal haemorrhages, malaria and other tropical diseases that frequently require blood transfusion are daily diagnoses. Blood transfusion safety is hindered by the combined prevailing high rate of Transfusion-Transmissible Infections (TTIs) and poor screening techniques. This study determined the rate of Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) positive reactions to transfusion-transmissible infections in rapid diagnostic test negative family replacement blood units, compared to the first time voluntarily donated blood. We studied records of blood units collected in a tertiary hospital from donors who scaled pre-donation Rapid diagnostic test (RDT) screening for the human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and syphilis and rescreened by ELISA techniques at the National Blood Transfusion Service Centre in Jos, along with units from first-time voluntary blood donors. A total of 19562 blood units; 5945 (30.39%) rapid diagnostic tests negative from a linkage hospital and 13617 (69.61%) from first time voluntary donors were screened by ELISA methods for HIV, HBV, HCV, and syphilis. The overall TTIs detected by ELISA was 16.08%, significantly lower among pre-donation rapid screened family replacement blood donors [495(8.32%)] compared to 2651 (19.47%) among first-time voluntary donors; P=0.0001. Fifty-seven (0.96%) HIV, 166 (2.79%) HBV, 137 (2.31%) HCV and 137 (2.31%) syphilis were still detected respectively by ELISA in the pre-screened negative family replacement blood units. The outcome of ELISA screenings of blood collected from first-time volunteer donors were; 143 (1.05%) HIV, 1,486 (10.91%) HBV, 683 (5.02%) HCV, and 339 (2.49%) syphilis. Blood for transfusion should be screened negative at least with ELISA.

scholarly journals Malaria Surveillance in the Anak Dalam Tribe, Jambi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-116
Author(s):  
Ade Suryaman ◽  
Chairil Anwar ◽  
Dwi Handayani ◽  
Irsan Saleh ◽  
Dalillah Dalillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Malaria Incidence ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Asymptomatic Malaria ◽  
Patient Identification ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Transmission of malaria is common in countries with tropical and subtropical. In several cases, malaria presents in the sufferer especially in individuals that have never received treatment shortly. As the early phase of patient identification, screening is important as an effort to eradicate malaria, in addition to the gold standard which currently used, other diagnostic tools are needed to conduct a malaria incidence survey to obtain comparative data using 3 diagnostic tools, goal standard checks, which are currently unable to detect asymptomatic malaria. This study aims to compare three standard diagnostic test (Rapid Diagnostic Test, Giemsa, and Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction) for the measurement of malaria prevalence within the Anak Dalam Tribe community in Jambi, Indonesia. This descriptive research with a survey design was conducted on 99 persons in Anak Dalam Tribe. It was discovered that majority of the respondents were the adult age category (52.5%),were female (50.5%). The prevalence of this infectious disease as detected by Rapid Diagnostic Test, microscopy, and Nested Polymeras Chain Reaction examination were 3%, 5% and 35.3% respectively. Non-Plasmodium falciparum was detected by examining samples with Rapid Diagnostic Test, on microscope, P. vivax and P. falciparum were found, while on Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction, two bands at 120bp and 205bp showed P. vivax and P. falciparum respectively. Nested Polymeras Chain Reaction is more sensitive to detected asymptomatic malaria, however, Rapid Diagnostic Test and Giemsa sensitive with parasitemia threshold.

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