scholarly journals Postprandial effects of macronutrient composition meals on the metabolic responses and arterial stiffness indices of lean and obese male adults: a protocol of a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safieh Firouzi ◽  
Reza Rezvani ◽  
Naseh Pahlavani ◽  
Lida Jarahi ◽  
Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Meal Composition

Abstract Background Prior studies have shown that meal composition may affect the metabolic responses and arterial stiffness indices, and these responses may be different in lean and obese adults. The primary objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of conducting a trial to compare the effect of three test meals in lean and obese men. Due to the lack of a comprehensive study that concurrently compares metabolic responses and vascular stiffness indices after receiving three different meals in lean and obese men, this pilot study will be conducted with a three-phase parallel design, aiming to investigate the effects of meal composition on the metabolic parameters and arterial stiffness indices of lean and obese adults. Methods This pilot, a parallel clinical trial will be performed on 24 male adults aged 18–35 years since January 2021 and will continue until March 2021 who are disease-free and selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The subjects will complete three interventions at a 1-week interval, including high carbohydrate (70% carbohydrates, 10% protein, 20% fat), high protein (30% protein, 50% carbohydrates, 20% fat), and high-fat meal (50% fat, 40% carbohydrates, 10% protein). Postprandial effects will be assessed within 360 min after each meal, including the energy expenditure component (resting energy expenditure, thermic effects of feeding, respiratory quotient, and substrate oxidation) and arterial stiffness indices (augmentation index and pulse wave velocity). In addition, blood sampling will be performed to measure glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, and lipid profile. Discussion The differences in the postprandial responses can affect the metabolic and vascular parameters due to different meal compositions, thereby providing beneficial data for the establishment of new strategies in terms of nutritional education and metabolic/vascular improvement. Also, the results from this pilot study will inform intervention refinement and efficacy testing of the intervention in a larger randomized controlled trial. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials; code: IRCT20190818044552N1; registered on August 26, 2019

scholarly journals Postprandial Effects of Macronutrient Composition Meals on the Metabolic Responses and Arterial Stiffness Indices of Lean and Obese Male Adults: A Protocol of pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safieh Firouzi ◽  
Reza Rezvani ◽  
Naseh Pahlavani ◽  
Lida Jarahi ◽  
Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Objective Prior ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Meal Composition

Abstract Background & Objective: Prior studies have shown that meal composition may affect the metabolic responses and arterial stiffness indices. Due to the lack of a comprehensive study that concurrently compares metabolic responses and vascular stiffness indices after receiving three different meals in lean and obese men, this pilot study has been conducted with a three-phase parallel design, aiming to investigate the effects of meal composition on the metabolic parameters and arterial stiffness indices of lean and obese adults. Materials and Methods: This pilot, parallel clinical trial has been performed on 20 male adults aged 18-35 years who are disease-free and selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. The subjects have completed three interventions at a one-week interval, including high carbohydrate (70% carbohydrates, 10% protein, 20% fat), high protein (30% protein, 50% carbohydrates, 20% fat), and high fat meal (50% fat, 40% carbohydrates, 10% protein). Postprandial effects have been assessed within 360 minutes after each meal, including the energy expenditure component (resting energy expenditure, thermic effects of feeding, respiratory quotient, and substrate oxidation) and arterial stiffness indices (augmentation index and pulse wave velocity). In addition, blood sampling has been performed to measure glucose, insulin, free fatty acids, and lipid profile. Results: The study has started since September 2020 and will continue until January 2021. The assessment of the intervention outcomes will be carried out six hours after the end of the intervention. Conclusion: The differences in the postprandial responses c affect the metabolic and vascular parameters due to different meal compositions, thereby providing beneficial data for the establishment of new strategies in terms of nutritional education and metabolic/vascular improvement.

scholarly journals Postprandial Effects of Macronutrient Composition Meals on Metabolic Responses and Arterial Stiffness Indexes in Lean and Obese Men Adults; A Protocol Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safieh Firouzi ◽  
Reza Rezvani ◽  
Naseh Pahlavani ◽  
Lida Jarahi ◽  
Jamshid Gholizadeh Navashenaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Protocol Study ◽  
New Strategies ◽  
Meal Composition

Abstract Background: Prior studies have shown that meal composition is capable of effect on metabolic response and arterial stiffness indexes. Objective: A three-phase parallel study will be designed to investigate the effects of meal composition on metabolic parameters and arterial stiffness indexes among lean and obese adult. The planned study protocol will be presented.Methods/design: This is a pilot parallel clinical trial targeting adults (aged 18–35 years, free from any diseases) will be selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria at Mashhad University Medical Sciences. Each subject will complete three interventions with a washout period of one week: high carbohydrate, high protein and high fat meal. The postprandial effect will be assessed during 360 minutes from each meal including energy expenditure component (such as resting energy expenditure, thermic effect of feeding, respiratory quotient and substrate oxidation) and arterial stiffness indexes (such as augmentation index and pulse wave velocity) and blood sampling.Results: The study will be conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 (individual N=20). Assessment of intervention outcomes will be done in 6 hours after intervention.Conclusions: The differences in postprandial responses due to different meal composition could affect the metabolic and vascular parameters. This could provide necessary information for the establishment of new strategies in terms of nutritional education and metabolic and vascular improvement.Trial Registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20190818044552N1. Registered on August 26, 2019

Postprandial effects of macronutrient composition meals on metabolic responses and arterial stiffness indexes in lean and obese men adults; a protocol study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naseh Pahlavani ◽  
Safieh Firouzi ◽  
Reza Rezvani ◽  
Lida Jarahi ◽  
Mahsa Malekahmadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Study Protocol ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Component Pulse ◽  
Protocol Study ◽  
Meal Composition

BACKGROUND Background: Prior studies have shown that meal composition is capable of effect on metabolic response and arterial stiffness indexes. OBJECTIVE Objective: A three-phase parallel study will design to investigate the effects of meal composition on metabolic parameters and arterial stiffness indexes among lean and obese adult. The planned study protocol is presented METHODS Methods/design: This is a parallel clinical trial targeting adults (aged 18–35 years, free from any diseases) selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria at Mashhad University Medical Sciences. Each subject will complete three interventions with a washout period of one week: high carbohydrate, high protein and high fat meal. The postprandial effect will be assessed during 360 minutes from each meal including energy expenditure component, pulse wave analysis and pulse wave velocity and blood sampling. RESULTS N/A CONCLUSIONS Metabolic Responses, Macronutrients Composition, Arterial Stiffness, Study Protocol: The differences in postprandial response due to different meal composition could affect of metabolic and vascular parameters. This could provide necessary information for the establishment of new strategies in terms of nutritional education and metabolic and vascular improvement. CLINICALTRIAL Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20190818044552N1. Registered on August 26, 2019

scholarly journals Effect of organ and tissue masses on resting energy expenditure in underweight, normal weight and obese adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bosy-Westphal ◽  
U Reinecke ◽  
T Schlörke ◽  
K Illner ◽  
D Kutzner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Resting Energy

Longitudinal Measurements of Resting Energy Expenditure by Indirect Calorimetry in Healthy Term Infants during the First 2 Months of Life

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (09) ◽  
pp. 918-923
Author(s):  
Sourabh Verma ◽  
Sean M. Bailey ◽  
Pradeep V. Mally ◽  
Heather B. Howell
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Longitudinal Measurements ◽  
Expired Gas ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Resting Energy

Objective To determine longitudinal measurements of resting energy expenditure (REE) by indirect calorimetry (IC) in healthy term infants during the first 2 months of life. Study Design An outpatient prospective pilot study was performed in healthy term infants to estimate REE by measuring expired gas fractions of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) with IC in a respiratory and metabolic steady state. Results A total of 30 measurements were performed. Fourteen subjects completed measurements at both 1 and 2 months of life, and two subjects had only measurements made at 1 month of life. Mean REE values were 64.1 ± 12.7 and 58.4 ± 14.3 kcal/kg/d at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively. Mean O2 consumption and CO2 production measurements were 9.3 ± 2.0 and 7.7 ± 1.2 mL/kg/min and 8.1 ± 2.2 and 6.4 ± 1.1 mL/kg/min at 1 and 2 months of age, respectively. Conclusion This pilot study demonstrates longitudinal measurements of REE by IC in healthy term infants during the first 2 months of life. We also demonstrate that, overall, there is consistency in REE values in this population, with a likely decrease in individual longitudinal measurements over the first 2 months of life.

Abstract P150: Sex Differences In Augmentation Index And Aortic Pulse Pressure Among Patients Diagnosed With Acute Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Ryalat ◽  
Hossam A Shaltout ◽  
Debra I DIZ ◽  
Stacey Q Wolfe
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Institutional Research ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Ich Score

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke. Hypertension is a major cause of primary spontaneous ICH. However, sex difference in blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness among ICH patients is not well characterized. Methods: A prospective pilot study to investigate the feasibility of measuring arterial stiffness in acute primary ICH patients was approved by the institutional research board at Wake Forest Baptist Health. Eligible subjects with primary ICH were enrolled in the study within 7 days of onset. Non-invasive measurements of brachial BP, aortic BP, augmentation index at heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AIx75), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) were measured at the patient’s bedside, using the SphygmoCor XCEL System v1 (AtCor Medical Pty Ltd., Sydney, Australia). Results: A total of 20 patients have been enrolled in the study over 5 months. Over half the patients enrolled were female (55%, n = 11), including 82% (n = 9) White, 9% (n = 1) Asian and 9% (n = 1) Hispanic. There was increased diversity in the male patients (45%, n = 9) including 44% (n = 4) Black, 22% (n = 2) White, 22% (n = 2) Hispanic, and 11% (n = 1) Asian. Men were significantly younger than women (57 ± 5 years vs 74 ± 3 years, respectively, P = 0.009). There were no significant differences in BMI or ICH score. At the time of measurement, there were no significant sex differences in brachial or aortic blood pressures (systolic and diastolic), however, females had significantly higher AIx75 (35 ± 4 vs 20 ± 6, P = 0.036) and aortic PP (53 ± 2 mm Hg vs 42 ± 4 mm Hg, P = 0.020) than males. Sex difference in cf-PWV was not statistically significant (p = 0.054). Conclusion: In the current feasibility pilot study, preliminary data show that females had higher arterial stiffness measured as AIx75 and aortic PP than males in the acute setting of ICH. Further study will be required to ascertain whether this is related to higher age at presentation in females. Whether sex differences in arterial stiffness predict differences in the outcome among ICH patients is not well characterized; thus, assessment of 30-day functional and neurological outcomes will be performed with NIHSS and modified Rankin Scores.

Resting Energy Expenditure in Overweight and Obese Adults: Agreement Between Indirect Calorimetry and Prediction Formulas

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
pp. A49
Author(s):  
J.E. Ziegler ◽  
P. Rothpletz-Puglia ◽  
R. Touger-Decker ◽  
L. Byham-Gray ◽  
J. O'Sullivan-Maillet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Resting Energy

scholarly journals Energy Expenditure, Carbohydrate Oxidation and Appetitive Responses to Sucrose or Sucralose in Humans: A Pilot Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Chern ◽  
Sze-Yen Tan
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Carbohydrate Oxidation ◽  
Research Facility ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Sugar Replacement ◽  
Meal Challenge

Background: In light of obesity, replacing sugar with non-nutritive sweeteners is commonly used to reduce sugar content of food products. This study aimed to compare human energy expenditure (EE), carbohydrate oxidation and food intake after the ingestion of test foods sweetened with sucrose or a non-nutritive sweetener. Methods: This was an acute crossover feeding study that entailed consumption of three test foods: jelly sweetened with 50 g sucrose (SUCROSE), with 120 mg of sucralose only (NNS), or 120 mg sucralose but matched in carbohydrate with 50 g maltodextrin (MALT). On test days, participants arrived at the research facility after an overnight fast. Resting energy expenditure (indirect calorimeter) was measured for 30 min followed by jelly consumption. Participants’ EE and substrate oxidation were measured for 90 min subsequently. After EE assessment, participants completed a meal challenge before leaving the research facility, and recorded food intake for the remaining day. Subjective appetite ratings were assessed before and after test foods and meal challenge. Results: Eleven participants completed the study. EE was higher in SUCROSE and MALT than NNS, but not statistically significant. Carbohydrate oxidation was SUCROSE > MALT > NNS (p < 0.001). Earlier and bigger rise in carbohydrate oxidation was observed in SUCROSE than MALT, although both were carbohydrate-matched. NNS did not promote energy expenditure, carbohydrate oxidation or stimulate appetite. Conclusions: Foods sweetened with sucrose or non-nutritive sweeteners but matched in carbohydrate content have different effects on human EE and carbohydrate oxidation. Sucralose alone did not affect EE, but lower energy in the test food from sugar replacement was eventually fully compensated. Findings from this pilot study should be verified with bigger clinical studies in the future to establish clinical relevance.

Interferon-γ has immunomodulatory effects with minor endocrine and metabolic effects in humans

1999 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. de Metz ◽  
F. Sprangers ◽  
E. Endert ◽  
M. T. Ackermans ◽  
I. J. M. ten Berge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Resting Energy

To evaluate whether interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is involved in the interaction between the immune and endocrine systems in vivo, we studied six healthy subjects twice in a placebo-controlled trial: once after administration of recombinant human IFN-γ and, on another occasion, after administration of saline. The rate of appearance of glucose was determined by infusion of [6,6-2H2]glucose and resting energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry. Human leukocyte antigen-DR gene expression on monocytes and serum neopterin increased after administration of IFN-γ ( P < 0.05 vs. control). IFN-γ increased serum interleukin-6 levels significantly. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α remained below detection limits. IFN-γ increased plasma concentrations of ACTH and cortisol ( P < 0.05 vs. control), IFN-γ did not alter concentrations of growth hormone, (nor)epinephrine, insulin, C peptide, glucagon, or insulin-like growth factor I. IFN-γ did not alter plasma concentrations of glucose and free fatty acids nor the rate of appearance of glucose. IFN-γ increased resting energy expenditure significantly. We conclude that IFN-γ is a minor stimulator of the endocrine and metabolic pathways. Therefore, IFN-γ by itself is probably not a major mediator in the interaction between the immune and the endocrine and metabolic systems.

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