Prevalence and materno-fetal outcomes of preeclampsia/eclampsia amongst pregnant women at a teaching hospital in north-central Nigeria: a retrospective cross-sectional study

Abstract Background Preeclampsia/eclampsia (PE/E) contributes significantly to maternal, perinatal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. The objectives of the study were to ascertain the prevalence, materno-fetal outcomes and sociodemographic factors associated with PE/E at Nigerian Teaching Hospital from September 2014 to August 2019. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study that analyzed deidentified secondary data of women managed for PE/E at a teaching hospital in north-central, Nigeria. Descriptive statistics were used to determine sample characteristics and study outcome estimates. Bivariate analysis was used to test for associations between sociodemographic factors and PE/E, materno-fetal outcomes while logistic regression analysis was used to test for the magnitude of these associations. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results The prevalence of PE/E in this study was 3.60%. Preeclampsia was diagnosed in 3.02% of cases while eclampsia was the diagnosis in 0.58%. Case fatality rate was 3.9% and still birth rate was 10.7%. Majority of women (85.4%) did not have any maternal complication nor unfavorable outcome. Majority (67.7%), of babies weighed less than 2500 g and birth weight was the only sociodemographic factor that was significantly associated with fetal outcome (X2 = 15.6, P < 0.001). Conclusions The prevalence of PE/E in this study is high and is associated with high maternal and perinatal deaths. Majority of the cases of PE/E as well the fatalities occurred in women who had no formal education, unbooked and referred to the teaching hospital with worsening conditions. There is need for explorative research on community factors associated with PE/E and its outcome towards prevention and early management of cases.

Download Full-text

Diarrheal Diseases in Under-Five Children and Associated Factors among Farta District Rural Community, Amhara Regional State, North Central Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Environmental and Public Health ◽

10.1155/2020/6027079 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Yilkal Tafere ◽

Bedilu Abebe Abate ◽

Habtamu Demelash Enyew ◽

Amsalu Belete Mekonnen

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Diarrheal Diseases ◽

Open Defecation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

North Central ◽

Central Ethiopia ◽

Under Five ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Under Five Children

Background. Diarrheal diseases are the major cause of morbidity and mortality among under-five children in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. One of the national initiatives to reduce its burden is an implementation of an open-defecation-free program. However, information related to the comparison of diarrheal diseases among residents in open-defecation-free and non-open-defecation-free. Hence, this study assessed the magnitude of diarrheal diseases among residents in open-defecation-free and non-open-defecation-free areas of Farta District, North Central Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 758 households (378 in open-defecation-free and 380 in non-open-defecation-free kebeles) who have under-five children using a structured questionnaire. A systematic sampling technique was used to select study participants. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors associated with diarrheal diseases in the district. Results. Overall, 29.9% of children had diarrheal diseases in the last two weeks prior to the study. The magnitude of diarrheal diseases among under-five children living in open-defecation-free and non-open-defecation-free residents was 19.3% and 40.5%, respectively. Lack of functional handwashing facilities (AOR: 11, 95% CI (8.1–29.6)), improper excreta disposal (AOR: 3.84, 95% CI (2.15–5.65)), and residing in non-open-defecation-free areas (AOR: 2.4, 95% CI (1.72–3.23)) were factors associated with diarrheal diseases. Conclusions. The prevalence of diarrhea among children residing in open-defecation-free areas was lower than that among children those who resided in non-open-defecation-free areas. Lack of functional handwashing facilities, residing in non-open-defecation-free areas, and improper excreta disposal were significantly associated with diarrheal diseases in the district. Strengthening health promotion on non-open defecation, maintaining functional handwashing facilities, and preparing additional handwashing facilities are necessary. Continuous engagement of the community health extension workers is recommended, sustaining the implementation of open-defecation-free programs in the district.

Download Full-text

Birth defects in the Brazilian side of the triple border: a population-based cross-sectional study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.973 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

F K Nampo ◽

S Souza ◽

C R Pestana

Keyword(s):

Birth Defects ◽

Birth Defect ◽

Cleft Lip ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Major Birth Defect

Abstract Background Major birth defects are characterized by its severity and are a public health challenge since it chronically affects the population. Foz do Iguassu is located in Brazili's largest international border and presents a birth defect rate 50% greater than the country's average. Methods Identifying factors associated to birth defects is important to guide preventive actions toward modifiable risk factors and target the most susceptible population. In this cross-sectional study we measured the prevalence of major birth defects and associated maternal sociodemographic factors in Foz do Iguassu. Data were collected from a governmental registry and included all births that occurred in the city between 2012 to 2017. The variables measured were maternal education, maternal race, country of residence, maternal parity and onset of prenatal care. Data were analyzed through logistic regression models to verify the maternal sociodemographic factors associated with major birth defects. Results 26,214 births were analyzed; among the 305 birth defects registered, 140 (46%) corresponded to a major birth defect. Cleft lip and/or palate and gastroschisis were the most prevalent major birth defect (9.5/10,000 live births and 6.83/10,000 live births, respectively). Maternal education up to 7 years was the only variable associated with the major birth defects (ORadj=1.58; CI = 1.07-2.33; p = 0.02). Maternal age was associated with gastroschisis (mean: 21.5 years; p = 0.002) and Down syndrome (mean: 33.5 years; p = 0.007). Conclusions In this area, cleft lip and/or palate and gastroschisis are the most common major birth defects, and maternal education is weakly associated with major birth defects. Key messages The epidemiology of major birth defects in this area differs from Brazil’s. Future research should focus on inherent risk factors for congenital defects and exposure to teratogens.

Download Full-text

The role of sociodemographic factors associated with waterpipe smoking among male adolescents in western Iran: A cross-sectional study

Tobacco Induced Diseases ◽

10.18332/tid/91601 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (June) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Saeed Bashirian ◽

Majid Barati ◽

Hamid Abasi ◽

Manoj Sharma ◽

Manoochehr Karami

Keyword(s):

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Waterpipe Smoking ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Western Iran ◽

Male Adolescents ◽

Factors Associated

Download Full-text

Unintentional Accidents among Children: Associated Factors with moderate /severe forms

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202131901017 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 319 ◽

pp. 01017

Author(s):

Assia Mouad ◽

Fadoua Boughaleb ◽

Loubna Aqqaoui ◽

Toualouth Lafia ◽

Aya Skiredj ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Associated Factors ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High School Education ◽

Paediatric Surgery ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Factors Associated ◽

The Family

Unintentional accidents are very common in children and are the main reason for consultation and hospitalization in paediatric surgery. Aim: To determine the factors associated with unintentional accidents resulting in hospitalization. Material and methods: This is a cross sectional study carried out in the Paediatric Surgical Emergency Department of the Children's Hospital of Rabat over a period of 4 years. We processed 1205 children's files; the data was collected and analysed by Jamovi. Results: for the 545 files selected, the median was 8 years [4; 12] and boys were predominant (70.4%). Sociodemographic factors were represented by low health insurance. In 95.1% of cases, the family lived in a house (50.1%) or an apartment (45%) compared to 4.9% who had insanitary house. For parents' level of education, fathers had a high school education (43.6%) or never attended school (16.9%), compared to 32.9% of mothers who did not attend school. No adult was present during the accident (54.6%). The accident occurred on weekdays (73.2%), especially on winter and summer (41.6% and 33.8%). The main lesions were fractures (53%). The lesions involved the limbs (52.5%) and the head (30.2%) and were multiple in 6.5% of cases. The outcome was simple in 96.1%.

Download Full-text

Profile and Factors Associated with Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Indonesian People During COVID-19 Pandemic

Medicinus ◽

10.19166/med.v8i3.3770 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 131

Author(s):

Teresa Mika Argo ◽

Andree Kurniawan ◽

Jean Andrina Liem ◽

Jeremy Octavian Sugianto ◽

Rafael Jonathan Michael ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Stress Levels ◽

Severity Of Depression

<div class="WordSection1">Background : As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, Indonesia implemented various policies to break the chain of transmission of COVID-19, starting from large-scale social restrictions, quarantines, and even lockdowns. Without exception, schools were also closed. These conditions affect people psychologically, including levels of depression, anxiety, and stress in students. The aim of this study is to determine profile and factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress in Indonesian people during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods : A cross-sectional study among students in Indonesia was conducted to determine depression, anxiety, and stress levels in adolescents based on their sociodemographic characters. The DASS-21 questionnaire was distributed online.Results : A total of 913 people participated from all provinces in Indonesia. Depression, anxiety, and stress were found in 43.5%, 43.3%, 25.2%, respectively. The severity of depression was significantly associated with age (p<0.001), gender(p=0.003), and region(p=0.039). Adults (25-55) are 4.6 times odds more likely to have depression than adolescent during pandemic (OR=4.641, 95% CI=2.053-10.491). The severity of anxiety was significantly associated with age (p=0.002), gender(p<0.001), education (p=0.004) and region(p=0.004). The severity of stress was significantly associated with gender (p<0.001) and education (p=0.018).Conclusion : Depression, anxiety and stress quite common found in Indonesian during COVID-19 pandemic. Several sociodemographic factors were associated with depression, anxiety and stress among Indonesia</div>

Download Full-text

Prevalence and sociodemographic factors associated with stunting and thinness in adolescent females: a cross sectional study from Pakistan

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.1757 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ayaz Ali Samo ◽

Zulfiqar Ali Laghari ◽

Aslam Memon ◽

Nimra Masood Baig ◽

Salma Farukh Memon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Adolescent Females ◽

Female Adolescents ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Healthy Female ◽

Socio Demographic Factors

Objective: To explore the prevalence and socio-demographic factors associated with stunting and thinness in adolescent females. Method: The survey-based cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected schools of the Kotri Taulka of Jamshoro District in Sindh, Pakistan, from October to December 2019, and comprised healthy female adolescents aged 1019 years. Data about demographic and anthropometric factors was collected using a pre-tested questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: There were 393 subjects with mean age 14.93±2.18 years, mean weight 45.9±8.85kg, and mean height 151.6±6.25cm. The prevalence of stunting and thinness was 127(32.31%) and 42(10.68%) respectively. Stunting was more frequent in participants with father’s income ?15000 Pak rupees (p<0.05). Conclusion: The increased prevalence of stunting and thinness in adolescent females needs to be addressed by the policy-makers. Key Words: Stunting, Thinness, Adolescent, Females, Sindh, Pakistan. Continuous....

Download Full-text

Predominant Complications of Type 2 Diabetes in Kumasi: A 4-Year Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study at a Teaching Hospital in Ghana

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina55050125 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (5) ◽

pp. 125 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Max Efui Annani-Akollor ◽

Otchere Addai-Mensah ◽

Linda Ahenkorah Fondjo ◽

Lorraine Sallah ◽

Eddie-Williams Owiredu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Teaching Hospital ◽

Microvascular Complications ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Microvascular Complication ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Microvascular And Macrovascular Complications

Background and objectives: Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) has been associated with several microvascular and macrovascular complications. However, studies regarding the predominant complications of T2DM in Ghana have not been conducted. This study evaluated the prevalence and predominant complications of T2DM and assessed the sociodemographic factors associated with the development of diabetes-related complications in Kumasi, Ghana. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital (KATH), Kumasi, Ghana. A total of 1600 Ghanaian T2DM adults were included in this study. Patients’ clinical data from 2012 to 2016 were retrieved from the hospital’s archive. Results: The prevalence of macrovascular and microvascular complications of T2DM was 31.8% and 35.3% respectively. The prevalence of neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, sexual dysfunction, diabetic keto-acidosis (DKA), and hypoglycemia were 20.8%, 12.5%, 6.5%, 3.8%, 2.0%, and 0.8% respectively. Sexual dysfunction was significantly associated with the male gender compared to females. Being employed: Informal (aOR = 0.479, p < 0.0001), and Formal (aOR = 0.475, p = 0.0008) was associated with lower age- and sex-adjusted odds of developing T2DM-related complications while having T2DM for 5–10 years (aOR = 1.550, p = 0.0009) and more than 10 years (aOR = 2.755, p < 0.0001) was associated with increased odds of developing complications. Conclusions: Microvascular complication is the most predominant among T2DM in Kumasi, Ghana. The most prevalent T2DM-related microvascular complication in Kumasi, Ghana is neuropathy. Sexual dysfunction is associated with male compared to female T2DM patients. Being employed reduces the chance of developing T2DM-related complications while increasing DM duration increases the risk of complications.

Download Full-text