The protective role of statins in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective observational study

Abstract Background To evaluate and determine the protective role of statins in COVID-19 patients. Methods This is a retrospective cohort study conducted across five hospitals in India. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and hospitalized with existing and valid medical documentation were included. Results This study comprised 3252 COVID-19 patients, of whom 1048 (32.2%) were on statins, with 52.4% being males. The comorbidity prevalence of hypertension was 75%, followed by diabetes 62.51% and coronary artery disease being 47.5%. At the time of hospitalization, statin users had a higher incidence of dyspnea, cough, and fatigue (95.8, 93.3, and 92.7%). The laboratory results revealed a lower mean of WBC count (7.8 × 103/μL), D-dimer (2.4 μg/mL), and C-reactive protein (103 mg/L) among statin users. They also had lower mortality rates (17.1%), a lesser requirement for mechanical ventilation (20%), and hemodialysis (5.4%). Conclusion This observation study elaborates on the beneficial effects of statins in COVID-19 patients. However, the inferences from this study should be viewed with caution due to the impending effect of confounding factors on its statistical results.

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276 ROLE OF C-REACTIVE PROTEIN AS AN ADJUVANT DIAGNOSTIC AND PROGNOSTIC MARKER IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING STRESS TEST FOR RISK STRATIFICATION AND IN PATIENTS WITH STABLE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

Journal of Investigative Medicine ◽

10.2310/6650.2005.00006.275 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 53 (1) ◽

pp. S302.1-S302

Author(s):

S. Banuru ◽

S. Perumandla ◽

A. Guttigoli ◽

M. Abraham ◽

A. Khanna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Risk Stratification ◽

Prognostic Marker ◽

Stress Test ◽

Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Artery Disease

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Association of Plasma Circulatory Markers,Chlamydia pneumoniae, and High Sensitive C-Reactive Protein in Coronary Artery Disease Patients of India

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2009/561532 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Hem Chandra Jha ◽

Pragya Srivastava ◽

Rakesh Sarkar ◽

Jagdish Prasad ◽

Aruna Singh Mittal

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Adhesive Molecules ◽

Plasma Markers

Plasma inflammatory markers have been shown to be predictors for cardiovascular risk, however, there is no study where the levels of plasma circulatory markers have been evaluated in coronary artery disease patients (CAD pts) positive forC. pneumoniaeIgA and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) which may help in better understanding of disease pathogenesis. A total of 192 patients and 192 controls attending the Cardiology Outpatient Department of Safdarjung Hospital were enrolled. The levels of plasma circulatory inflammatory markers were evaluated by ELISA. The levels of circulatory plasma markers (IL-4, IL-8, IL-13, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1) were significantly higher, whereas, levels of IL-10 and IFN-γwere significantly lower in CAD pts compared to healthy controls. The levels of IL-4, IL-8, and ICAM-1 (P=.007, .015, and .048) were significantly higher, however, IL-10 and IFN-γwere significantly lower (P<.001,<.001) inC. pneumoniaeIgA positive CAD pts. The levels of IL-4, IL-8, IL-13, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 were higher but not significant and levels of IL-10 and IFN-γwere significantly (P<.001,<.001) lower in hsCRP positive CAD pts. Our study suggested that circulatory cytokines, namely, IL-4, IL-8, and adhesive molecules like ICAM-1 were enhanced after infection withC. pneumoniaewhereas in contrast to this IL-10 and IFN-λwere lowered. Suggesting the important role of these cytokines in progression of CAD.

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Relationship between Baseline White Blood Cell count and C-reactive protein with Angiographic severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Cardiovascular Journal ◽

10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12209 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 23-29

Author(s):

M Ahmed ◽

NA Chowdhury ◽

SK Chakrovortty ◽

S Gafur ◽

M Aziz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Blood Cell ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Wbc Count

Background: Inflammation has been shown to play a role in atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndrome. This study was carried out to evaluate the relationship between baseline white blood cell (WBC) count and C-reactive protein (CRP) with angiographic severity of coronary artery disease in patients with acute coronary syndrome and to identify those subsets of patients with acute coronary syndrome who may need to undergo invasive or conservative strategies.Method: A total of 100 patients with acute coronary syndrome including unstable angina, non-ST elevated myocardial infarction & ST elevated myocardial infarction were evaluated in National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease (NICVD), Dhaka with a view to correlate angiographic findings, C-reactive protein and WBC count. Results: This study observed that either raised WBC count or raised CRP independently and combination of both WBC count and CRP elevation were significantly associated with more severe coronary artery disease. Either raised WBC count or raised CRP or combination of raised WBC count and CRP were significant predictor of multivessel disease and high stenosis score. Conclusion: Elevation of WBC count and CRP in patients with acute coronary syndrome are associated with severe coronary disease. WBC count and CRP can be used as a new and even simpler tool for risk stratification in acute coronary syndrome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cardio.v5i1.12209 Cardiovasc. j. 2012; 5(1): 23-29

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Fluidizing effects of C‐reactive protein on lung surfactant membranes: protective role of surfactant protein A

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fj.09-142646 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (10) ◽

pp. 3662-3673 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Alejandra Saenz ◽

Almudena López‐Sánchez ◽

Jonás Mojica‐Lázaro ◽

Leticia Martínez‐Caro ◽

Nicolas Nin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Surfactant ◽

Protein A ◽

Surfactant Protein ◽

Protective Role ◽

Surfactant Protein A ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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C-Reactive Protein Knockout Attenuates Temporomandibular Joint Inflammation in Rats

Journal of Immunology Research ◽

10.1155/2022/8613986 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 2022 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Yao He ◽

Mengjiao Zhou ◽

Zixiang Jian ◽

Lingli Fang ◽

Lan Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Temporomandibular Joint ◽

Macrophage Activation ◽

Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽

Osteoclast Differentiation ◽

Joint Inflammation ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

And Control

Background. C-reactive protein (CRP), a biomarker of inflammation, is highly expressed in osteoarthritis- (OA-) related diseases, but its exact role remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the biological effect of CRP on temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation. Methods. Freund’s complete adjuvant (CFA) was used to induce TMJ inflammation in CRP-knockout (CRP-/-) and control rats. Degenerative changes in the TMJ were compared to elucidate the role of CRP in TMJ inflammation. In addition, inflammatory cytokines, macrophage activation, and osteoclast differentiation were evaluated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and tartrate-resistant phosphatase staining to explore the potential regulatory mechanism. Results. Compared to the control, CFA induced TMJ inflammation, which increased systemic and local CRP expression. Furthermore, CRP-/- rats exhibited less severe inflammatory symptoms. The downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin- (IL-) 1β and IL-6) and upregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were detected in CRP-/- rats, which also exhibited reduced macrophage activation and osteoclast differentiation. Conclusion. These results indicated that controlling the highly elevated levels of CRP during inflammation could modify the cytokine profile, macrophage activation, and osteoclast differentiation, thus, providing beneficial effects for TMJ-OA prevention and treatment.

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Altered fibrin clot structure in patients with advanced coronary artery disease: a role of C-reactive protein, lipoprotein(a) and homocysteine

Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02637.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 5 (9) ◽

pp. 1988-1990 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Author(s):

A. UNDAS ◽

D. PLICNER ◽

E. STĘPIEŃ ◽

R. DRWIŁA ◽

J. SADOWSKI

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Fibrin Clot ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Lipoprotein A ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Clot Structure ◽

Advanced Coronary Artery Disease

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Colchicine in coronary artery disease

Postgraduate Medical Journal ◽

10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-139611 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. postgradmedj-2020-139611

Author(s):

Arnav Katira ◽

Ravish Katira

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Poor Prognosis ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Coronary Syndrome ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Stable Cad

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammation has been seen to be a key feature of atherosclerosis and CAD, with a raised C-reactive protein being a marker of poor prognosis. Thus, the role of anti-inflammatory agents has been investigated in CAD. Colchicine is a well-known, inexpensive drug with marked anti-inflammatory effects. Here, we discuss the role of colchicine in stable CAD and post-acute coronary syndrome. We suggest that colchicine may play a key role in prevention of cardiovascular events in patients with stable and unstable CAD as colchicine is associated with a reduction in the rate of myocardial infarction and other major cardiovascular outcomes.

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