scholarly journals Radiological findings in ancient Egyptian canopic jars: comparing three standard clinical imaging modalities (x-rays, CT and MRI)

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. Eppenberger ◽  
Mislav Cavka ◽  
Michael E. Habicht ◽  
Francesco M. Galassi ◽  
Frank Rühli
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Ct And Mri

Safety in pediatric imaging: an update

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen John Arthurs ◽  
Alvhild Alette Bj⊘rkum
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Pediatric Imaging ◽  
Medical Exposure ◽  
Ct And Mri

Many assumptions are made when imaging children. In particular a judgement is made regarding how safe or unsafe each imaging modality is, using relatively arbitrary definitions and distinctions, due to the lack of robust scientific data. Here, the latest evidence is reviewed, particularly regarding the medical exposure to ionizing radiation (X-rays and CT) and MRI in childhood. The best evidence currently available suggests a small but convincing risk of cumulative low-dose ionizing radiation in children. Given our predictions for the children imaged today, it seems reasonable to pursue non-ionizing-based techniques wherever possible, although there is emerging evidence that MRI and ultrasound may have hitherto unknown effects. As our knowledge base expands, we must continually review our practice in light of the latest scientific data.

Retrospective Review of Clinical and Chest X-Ray Findings in Children Admitted to a Community Hospital for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (14) ◽  
pp. 1686-1692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denver Niles ◽  
Brett Larsen ◽  
Arvind Balaji ◽  
Dana Delaney ◽  
Elizabeth Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Severe Group ◽  
Rsv Infection ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Syncytial Virus

Introduction. We performed a retrospective study to evaluate demographics, clinical course, outcome, and radiological findings of children with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection. Methods. Four hundred patients admitted between October 2013 and May 2016 were enrolled. Clinical and radiographic trends were evaluated for association with severity of RSV presentation. Severity was defined as hospitalization >2 days, pediatric intensive care unit admission, or need for mechanical ventilation. Results. Common clinical findings included fever (78.5%), coughing (97%), rhinorrhea/congestion (93%), and hypoxia (44.8%). Hypoxia was seen in 64.7% of the severe group compared with 32.0% in the nonsevere group ( P < .001). Airspace opacification was seen in 49.2% of chest X-rays of the severe group compared with 26.4% in the nonsevere group ( P < .001). Conclusion. Higher incidence of hypoxia or airspace opacification on chest X-ray may be predictors of poorer outcomes for patients with RSV infection.

Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT)

2014 ◽  
pp. 235-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tushar Kanti Bera ◽  
J. Nagaraju
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Electrical Impedance Tomography ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Optical Tomography ◽  
Body Part ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Impedance Tomography ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology

Looking into the human body is very essential not only for studying the anatomy and physiology, but also for diagnosing a disease or illness. Doctors always try to visualize an organ or body part in order to study its physiological and anatomical status for understanding and/or treating its illness. This necessity introduced the diagnostic tool called medical imaging. The era of medical imaging started in 1895, when Roentgen discovered the magical powerful invisible rays called X-rays. Gradually the medical imaging introduced X-Ray CT, Gamma Camera, PET, SPECT, MRI, USG. Recently medical imaging field is enriched with comparatively newer tomographic imaging modalities like Electrical Impedance Tomography (EIT), Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT), Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), and Photoacaustic Tomography (PAT). The EIT has been extensively researched in different fields of science and engineering due to its several advantages. This chapter will present a brief review on the available medical imaging modalities and focus on the need of an alternating method. EIT will be discussed with its physical and mathematical aspects, potentials, and challenges.

An Introduction to Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

2019 ◽  
pp. 329-340
Author(s):  
James F. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Musculoskeletal Ultrasound ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Musculoskeletal Conditions ◽  
Ct And Mri

Musculoskeletal ultrasound is incredibly helpful in the assessment of musculoskeletal conditions, particularly those of soft tissue and joint. It very much helps to compliment other imaging modalities such as radiographs, CT and MRI. This chapter introduces the benefits and practicalities of musculoskeletal ultrasound as well as outlining the ultrasound appearances of commonly encountered normal structures and common pathological entities.

scholarly journals Imaging Diagnosis of Transient Ischemic Attack in Clinic and Traditional Chinese Medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Qigu Yao ◽  
Lincheng Zhang ◽  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Min Li ◽  
Weifeng Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attack ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Ischemic Attack ◽  
And Function ◽  
Ct And Mri

Neuroimaging plays a pivotal role in Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA). Generally, clinicians focus on the specific changes in morphology and function, but the diagnosis of TIA often depends on imaging evidence. Whereas Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is concerned with the performance of clinical symptoms, they began to use imaging methods to diagnose TIA. CT and MRI are the recommended modality to diagnose TIA and image ischemic lesions. In addition, Transcranial Doppler sonography (TCD) and Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) are two acceptable alternatives for diagnosing TIA patients. This article elaborates the update of imaging modalities in clinic and the development of imaging modalities in TCM. Besides, multiple joint imaging technologies also will be evaluated whether enhanced diagnostic yields availably.

Determining bronchial morphology for the purposes of segregating so-called heterotaxy

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 725-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohit S. Loomba ◽  
Andrew N. Pelech ◽  
Parinda H. Shah ◽  
Robert H. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Bronchial Tree ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Chest Radiographs ◽  
Clinical Entity ◽  
Imaging Modalities ◽  
Clinical Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Morphology ◽  
Abdominal Organs ◽  
Left Isomerism ◽  
Routine Clinical Imaging

AbstractIntroductionHeterotaxy is a unique clinical entity in which lateralisation of the thoraco-abdominal organs is abnormal, typically with isomerism of the bronchial tree and atrial appendages. This study was carried out to determine whether routine clinical imaging such as chest radiographs, angiographic images, and CT/MRI can determine bronchial isomerism, and how sidedness of bronchial isomerism correlates with overall features anticipated in hearts with isomeric atrial appendages.Methods and resultsWe identified 73 patients with heterotaxy, in whom imaging clearly demonstrated the bronchial tree, seen at our institution since 1998. We calculated bronchial angles and lengths using all the available imaging modalities to determine the presence and sidedness of bronchial isomerism. This was then compared with the anticipated presence of isomeric atrial appendages based on the overall clinical findings, as the appendages themselves had not specifically been imaged.The ratio of bronchial lengths revealed bronchial isomerism in all patients, with bronchial angles permitting distinction of right as opposed to left isomerism. We noted discordances between the identified bronchial isomerism and the presumed arrangement of the atrial appendages in nearly 20% of the patients in our cohort.ConclusionRoutine clinical imaging with chest radiographs, angiographic imaging, and CT/MRI can determine the presence of bronchial isomerism in patients with so-called heterotaxy. Right as opposed to left isomerism can be distinguished based on bronchial angles. The finding of bronchial isomerism correlates well, but not totally, with the presumed isomerism of the atrial appendages as predicted from the identified intra-cardiac morphology.

Routine radiological examination of the sinuses before septoplasty

1986 ◽  
Vol 100 (8) ◽  
pp. 893-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørgen Hedegaard Jensen ◽  
Hans Dommerby
Keyword(s):  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Radiological Finding ◽  
Drainage Tube ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Treatment Surgery

AbstractRecords of septoplasties performed during the last five years were reviewed with the aim of evaluating the results of routine pre-operative radiological examination of the sinuses. A positive correlation was found between the information of sinusitis within the last two years and the radiological finding of complete density or fluid. The roentgenograms showed normal conditions in 73 per cent of the cases and various degrees of pathology in 27 per cent; no case showed signs of malignancy. Puncture and irrigation or sinoscopy had been performed in 52 per cent of the cases with pathological X-rays. Following this treatment, surgery was postponed in 12 patients, and in nine patients a drainage tube was placed in the maxillary sinus per-operatively. Complications developed post-operatively in five of these nine patients and it is concluded that septoplasty should have been postponed. We find that it is important to identify the four per cent (12+9) of patients in whom the radiological findings are so pronounced that operation ought to be postponed.

scholarly journals Unwrapping an ancient Egyptian mummy using x-rays

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W Hughes
Keyword(s):  
X Rays ◽  
Egyptian Mummy ◽  
Ancient Egyptian
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