scholarly journals MRSA screening and spa gene detection in isolates from healthcare workers at ophthalmology hospital in Egypt

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha G. Haggag ◽  
Amal E. Aboelnour ◽  
Mai Al-Kaffas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Gene Detection ◽  
Eye Infections ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Spa Gene ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus has a major role in different types of eye infections as conjunctivitis, keratitis, and endophthalmitis. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was almost restricted to hospitals, but its prevalence has been increased in people outside hospitals. The cell wall of Staphylococcus aureus has protein A which can bind to the Fc portion of IgG. This ptnA is encoded by surface protein A of Staphylococcus aureus (spa) gene that contains a highly polymorphic sequence which is composed of repeats of 24-bp. Sequence typing of the spa gene repeat region is used to study the epidemiology of MRSA. The purpose of this study was screening of MRSA strains among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the Hospital of the Research Institute of Ophthalmology (RIO), Giza, Egypt, and detecting spa gene in their DNAs by PCR. Results In the present study, 81 samples from healthcare providers in the hospital of the Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Egypt, were screened for MRSA. Out of these 81 samples, 41 isolates (50.6%) were identified as coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus. Twelve staphylococcal isolates were resistant to both oxacillin and cefoxitin, and those were identified as MRSA with a percentage of 14.8% (12/81). Conventional PCR could detect spa gene in 10 out of 12 DNA MRSA with a percentage of 83.3% (10/12). Conclusion In the present study, the prevalence of MRSA in HCWs was 14.8%. Since amplification of spa gene by PCR is a necessary preliminary step for spa typing of MRSA and since using different primers for spa gene amplification might affect PCR results, then proper selection of the primers and thermal cycling reaction conditions are recommended for PCR performance and spa typing.

Bacteriological and Molecular Identification and Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus from Different Affections of Canines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sejal S. Chaudhary ◽  
Harshad C. Chauhan ◽  
Kishan Kumar Sharma ◽  
Sandip S. Patel ◽  
Sushil Kumar Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Eye Infections ◽  
Respiratory Problems ◽  
Spa Gene ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Background: The present study was done to ascertain prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus from various canine affections in Banaskantha district of Gujarat, India. Along with this, use of classical and molecular techniques were compared in identification and virulence characterization of this pathogen.Methods: A total of 165 samples were collected and bacterial identification was carried out with bacteriological (phenotypic) techniques and confirmed by genus specific 16S rDNA and Staphylococcus aureus specific sa442 gene based PCR. Isolates were characterized for coagulase production, haemolysis activity and presence of spa gene. Result: Samples yielded, 88 (53.33%) Staphylococcus spp. via bacteriological and PCR methods. Clinically, 19 (21.59%), 28 (31.82%), 12 (13.64%), 15 (17.04%) and 14 (15.91%) isolates were from abscess/wound, pyoderma, respiratory problems, eye infections and Otitis, respectively. A total of 46/88 (52.27%) isolates were confirmed as Staphylococcus aureus in PCR. In tube coagulase test, 51/88 (57.95%) isolates were found positive. A tota of 42 isolates revealed presence of coa gene, including two tube coagulase negative isolates. Haemolytic activity revealed beta (51.14%) gamma (31.82%), alpha (13.64%) and alpha-beta (3.41%) haemolysis, respectively. X-region of Protein A (spa gene) was detected in 26 /46 (56.52%) isolates in PCR.

scholarly journals Virulence Factors Found in Nasal Colonization and Infection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates and Their Ability to Form a Biofilm

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Thamiris Santana Machado ◽  
Felipe Ramos Pinheiro ◽  
Lialyz Soares Pereira Andre ◽  
Renata Freire Alves Pereira ◽  
Reginaldo Fernandes Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Sccmec Type ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Type I ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Spa Gene ◽  
The City

Hospitalizations related to Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are frequent, increasing mortality and health costs. In this way, this study aimed to compare the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of MRSA isolates that colonize and infect patients seen at two hospitals in the city of Niterói—Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 147 samples collected between March 2013 and December 2015 were phenotyped and genotyped to identify the protein A (SPA) gene, the mec staphylococcal chromosomal cassette (SCCmec), mecA, Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL), icaC, icaR, ACME, and hla virulence genes. The strength of biofilm formation has also been exploited. The prevalence of SCCmec type IV (77.1%) was observed in the colonization group; however, in the invasive infection group, SCCmec type II was prevalent (62.9%). The Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST), ST5/ST30, and ST5/ST239 analyses were the most frequent clones in colonization, and invasive infection isolates, respectively. Among the isolates selected to assess the ability to form a biofilm, 51.06% were classified as strong biofilm builders. Surprisingly, we observed that isolates other than the Brazilian Epidemic Clone (BEC) have appeared in Brazilian hospitals. The virulence profile has changed among these isolates since the ACME type I and II genes were also identified in this collection.

scholarly journals Immunity induced by Staphylococcus aureus surface protein A was protective against lethal challenge of Staphylococcus aureus in BALB/c mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Qiong Yi ◽  
Xiao-Yan Zhang ◽  
Yi-Long Yang ◽  
Yue Yang ◽  
Shu-Ling Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Lethal Challenge

Multilocus Sequence Typing and Staphylococcal Protein A Typing Revealed Novel and Diverse Clones of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Seafood and the Aquatic Environment

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Murugadas ◽  
C. Joseph Toms ◽  
Sara A. Reethu ◽  
K. V. Lalitha
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Staphylococcal Protein A ◽  
Spa Typing ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Staphylococcal Protein ◽  
Mrsa Strains

ABSTRACT Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been a global health concern since the 1960s, and isolation of this pathogen from food-producing animals has been increasing. However, little information is available on the prevalence of MRSA and its clonal characteristics in seafood and the aquatic environment. In this study, 267 seafood and aquatic environment samples were collected from three districts of Kerala, India. Staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed for 65 MRSA strains isolated from 20 seafood and aquatic environment samples. The MRSA clonal profiles were t657-ST772, t002-ST5, t334-ST5, t311-ST5, t121-ST8, t186-ST88, t127-ST1, and two non-spa assignable strains. Whole spa gene sequence analysis along with MLST confirmed one strain as t711-ST6 and another as a novel MRSA clone identified for the first time in seafood and the aquatic environment with a t15669 spa type and a new MLST profile of ST420-256-236-66-82-411-477. The MRSA strains were clustered into five clonal complexes based on the goeBURST algorithm, indicating high diversity among MRSA strains in seafood and the aquatic environment. The novel clone formed a separate clonal complex with matches to three loci. This study recommends large-scale spa typing and MLST of MRSA isolates from seafood and the aquatic environment to determine the prevalence of new MRSA clones. This monitoring process can be useful for tracing local spread of MRSA isolates into the seafood production chain in a defined geographical area.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Methicillin Resistant and Virulence Determinants in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Manjunath Chavadi ◽  
Rahul Narasanna ◽  
Ashajyothi Chavan ◽  
Ajay Kumar Oli ◽  
Chandrakanth Kelmani. R
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Alternative Medicines ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Introduction:Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) is the major threat that is a result of the uncontrolled use of antibiotics causing a huge loss in health, so understanding their prevalence is necessary as a public health measure.Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of methicillin-resistant MRSA and virulence determinant among associatedS. aureusfrom the clinical samples obtained from various hospital and health care centers of the Gulbarga region in India.Materials and Methods:All the collected samples were subjected for the screening ofS. aureusand were further characterized by conventional and molecular methods including their antibiotic profiling. Further, the response of methicillin antibiotic on cell morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy.Results:A total 126S. aureuswas isolated from the clinical samples which showed, 100% resistant to penicillin, 55.5% to oxacillin, 75.3% to ampicillin, 70.6% to streptomycin, 66.6% to gentamicin, 8.7% to vancomycin and 6.3% to teicoplanin. The selected MRSA strains were found to possessmecA(gene coding for penicillin-binding protein 2A) andfemA(factor essential for methicillin resistance)genetic determinants in their genome with virulence determinants such as Coagulase (coa) and the X region of the protein A (spa)gene. Further, the methicillin response in resistantS. aureusshowed to be enlarged and malformed on cell morphology.Conclusion:The molecular typing of clinical isolates ofS. aureusin this study was highly virulent and also resistant to methicillin; this will assist health professionals to control, exploration of alternative medicines and new approaches to combat Staphylococcal infections more efficiently by using targeted therapy.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus nasal cariage among hospitalized patients and healthcare workers in the Clinical center of Serbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Cirkovic ◽  
Slobodanka Djukic ◽  
Biljana Carevic ◽  
Natasa Mazic ◽  
Vesna Mioljevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Clinical Center ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Healthcare Associated

The aim of the present study was to provide the first comprehensive analysis of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage among patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) in the largest healthcare facility in Serbia. Specimens from anterior nares obtained from 195 hospitalized patients and 105 HCWs were inoculated after broth enrichment onto chromogenic MRSA-ID medium. In total, 21 of 300 specimens yielded MRSA. Among hospitalized patients, 7.7% were colonized with MRSA, and 5.7% HCWs were colonized with MRSA. Five out of 21 (23.8%) tested MRSA strains were classified as community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA), and four of them were isolated from HCWs. The remaining 16 MRSA strains had characteristics of healthcare-associated MRSA (HA-MRSA), and two of them were isolated from HCWs. The HA-MRSA strains isolated from HCWs were indistinguishable from HA-MRSA of the same cluster isolated from patients. This finding reveals the circulation of HA-MRSA strains between patients and HCWs in the Clinical Center of Serbia.

scholarly journals Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Staphylococcus aureus Surface Protein A (SasA) Protect Against Staphylococcus aureus Sepsis and Peritonitis in Mice

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0149460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilong Yang ◽  
Mengying Qian ◽  
Shaoqiong Yi ◽  
Shuling Liu ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Surface Protein ◽  
Antibody Targeting

scholarly journals Eradication of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and of Enterobacteriaceae Expressing Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases on a Model Pig Farm

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (21) ◽  
pp. 7633-7643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricarda Maria Schmithausen ◽  
Sophia Ricarda Kellner ◽  
Sophia Veronika Schulze-Geisthoevel ◽  
Sylvia Hack ◽  
Steffen Engelhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Mrsa Strains

ABSTRACTColonization of livestock with bacteria resistant to antibiotics is considered a risk for the entry of drug-resistant pathogens into the food chain. For this reason, there is a need for novel concepts to address the eradication of drug-resistant commensals on farms. In the present report, we evaluated the decontamination measures taken on a farm contaminated with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) andEnterobacteriaceaeexpressing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL-E). The decontamination process preceded the conversion from piglet breeding to gilt production. Microbiological surveillance showed that the decontamination measures eliminated the MRSA and ESBL-E strains that were detected on the farm before the complete removal of pigs, cleaning and disinfection of the stable, and construction of an additional stable meeting high-quality standards. After pig production was restarted, ESBL-E remained undetectable over 12 months, but MRSA was recovered from pigs and the environment within the first 2 days. However,spa(Staphylococcus aureusprotein A gene) typing revealed acquisition of an MRSA strain (type t034) that had not been detected before decontamination. Interestingly, we observed that a farmworker who had been colonized with the prior MRSA strain (t2011) acquired the new strain (t034) after 2 months. In summary, this report demonstrates that decontamination protocols similar to those used here can lead to successful elimination of contaminating MRSA and ESBL-E in pigs and the stable environment. Nevertheless, decontamination protocols do not prevent the acquisition of new MRSA strains.

Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aures Skin Infections Among Healthcare Workers in an Outpatient Clinic

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 1133-1136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia P. Johnston ◽  
Lisa Cooper ◽  
William Ruby ◽  
Karen C. Carroll ◽  
Sara E. Cosgrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Soft Tissue Infections ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Mrsa Strains

Abstract We describe an investigation of soft-tissue infections caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains in 2 healthcare workers employed in an outpatient clinic for patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Cultures of environmental samples from multiple surfaces in the clinic grew toxin-producing CA-MRSA strains, suggesting fomites may play a role in the transmission of these strains of MRSA.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF NASAL CARRIAGE OF METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN THE DEPARTMENTS OF OTORINOLARYNGOLOGY AND DENTISTRY IN KYIV, UKRAINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 2563-2567
Author(s):  
Aidyn G. Salmanov ◽  
Taras P. Bondar ◽  
Yaroslav V. Shkorbotun ◽  
Evelina A. Chumak ◽  
Volodymyr O. Shkorbotun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Nasal Carriage ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Encoding Genes

The aim: To obtain the first estimates of the current prevalence of nasal carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in the departments of Otorinolaryngology and Dentistry and to determine of genes virulence factors (Panton Valentine Leukocidine (PVL) genes). Materials and methods: We performed a multicenter cross-sectional study. The susceptibility to antibiotics was determined by disk diffusion method according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. The virulence factor encoding genes, mecA, lukS-lukF, were detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: Incidence rate of S. aureus nasal carriage among HCWs was 36.2%, whereas MRSA carriage was 17%. Prevalence of MRSA carriage rate was 34.9% in Otorhinolaryngology departments and 9.7% in Dentistry. PCR testing confirmed that all MRSA strains were mecA gene-positive. The virulence factor encoding genes were detected in 82.3% of the S. aureus isolates from HCWs. Among S.aureus, the lukS-lukF genes were detected in over 59% of the strains. The lukS-lukF genes were detected in 55.5% of MRSA and in 58.9% of MSSA strains. LukS-lukF genes were most commonly co-present in MRSA strains. No significant difference was detected between the occurrences of lukS-lukF genes (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Personnell in otorhinolaryngology and dentistry departments have a high rate of nasal colonization of MRSA. This carrier state may be an important risk factor for transmission MRSA from physicians and nurses to patients and vice-versa. Screening for MRSA nasal carriage of HCWs is a key element in enabling infection control measures and early therapeutic decisions.

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