scholarly journals Effect of oromotor exercises on feeding in children with cerebral palsy: systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania El Nagar ◽  
Alaa AL-Nemr ◽  
Faten Abdelazeim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Sensory Stimulation ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Feeding problems are prevalent in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Oromotor exercises (OME) should be started as soon as possible to enhance chewing and drooling. Oromotor exercises consist of active exercises, passive exercises, and sensory stimulation. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of oromotor exercises on feeding, chewing, and drooling in children with CP. Body The American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology were used to conduct a systematic review. Four databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, and Google Scholar) were searched; this review includes seven articles, participants were 173 participants ranging in age from 18 months to 18 years. Articles were assessed according to their level of evidence and quality assessment was done by AACPDM, PEDro scale, and JBI scale. Due to the heterogeneity across included studies, descriptive analysis was performed on all of them. Primary outcomes were chewing and drooling. Results showed the effectiveness of OME in improving drooling, but with weak evidence while not effective in improving chewing. Conclusion High-quality studies are required to develop a firm judgment on the influence of oromotor exercises on feeding. The current level of evidence to support the effectiveness of oromotor exercises in children with CP is currently insufficient.

scholarly journals Effect of respiratory therapy on pulmonary functions in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eman H. El Banna ◽  
Eman I. El Hadidy ◽  
Walaa M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Respiratory Therapy ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Respiratory Dysfunction ◽  
Pulmonary Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Abstract Background Children with cerebral palsy (CP) are at risk for respiratory dysfunction. Early initiation of pulmonary rehabilitation in addition to conventional physical therapy may result in improvement and maintenance of chest mobility and respiratory function. However, empirical support for respiratory therapy is limited. The aim of the review was to assess the evidence of the effectiveness of respiratory therapy on pulmonary functions in children with CP. Methods Four electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Google Scholar) were searched till December 2019 using predefined terms by two independent reviewers. Randomized controlled trials published in English were included if they met the following criteria: population—children with different types of CP of both sex, aged up to 18 years; intervention—respiratory therapy; outcomes—pulmonary functions. Eight studies with 235 participants only met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Predefined data were tabulated using American Academy for Cerebral Palsy and Developmental Medicine by two reviewers and verified by a third reviewer. Methodological quality was assessed using rating system of quality assessment and PEDro scale; also, levels of evidence adopted from modified Sacket’s scale were used for each outcome. Results The quality of studies ranged from excellent (one study) to good (five studies) and fair (two studies). The results showed level 1 (six studies) and level 2 (two studies) on modified Sacket’s scale for level of evidence. Lack of allocation concealment and blinding was the major risk of bias in the included studies. Conclusions Meta-analysis revealed significant difference in the improvement of vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, and forced expiratory volume at 1 s in favor of the study groups. However, there is a need for high-quality studies to draw a clear conclusion.

scholarly journals Prevalence of drooling, swallowing, and feeding problems in cerebral palsy across the lifespan: a systematic review and meta‐analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 1249-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renée Speyer ◽  
Reinie Cordier ◽  
Jae‐Hyun Kim ◽  
Naomi Cocks ◽  
Emilia Michou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Meta Analyses

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Surgical Outcomes of Elbow Plicae

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 232596712095516
Author(s):  
In-Ho Jeon ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
Akriti Nanda ◽  
Hyojune Kim ◽  
Dong Min Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Radial Head ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
English Language ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Residual Symptoms ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Meta Analyses

Background: Surgical resection is usually required for symptomatic elbow plicae that have failed nonoperative therapy. However, evidence of surgical outcomes has not been presented. Purpose: To review the surgical outcomes for the treatment of synovial plicae in the radiocapitellar joint. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Ovid/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and Embase databases using keywords as well as Medical Subject Headings terms and Emtree ([(elbow OR humeroradial joint OR radiohumeral joint) AND (meniscus OR plica)] OR snapping elbow OR snapping triceps OR synovial fold syndrome OR synovial fringe) for English-language studies. We conducted a systematic review using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results: A total of 14 articles comprising four level 5 and ten level 4 studies were identified, including 279 patients (284 elbows). The triggering factors reported for 58 patients were heavy labor (29 patients; 50.0%), sporting activities (17 patients; 29.3%), and nonspecific trauma (12 patients; 20.7%). Overall, 92 patients (33.0%) were administered a steroid injection before surgery. Arthroscopic plica resection was performed in 266 patients (95.3%). Intraoperatively, plicae were mostly found in the posterior (44.0%) and posterolateral (28.6%) sites, and chondromalacia of the radial head was observed in 25 patients (9.2%). Of the reported surgical outcomes, 67.7% showed a resolution of symptoms. However, 9.3% of patients had residual symptoms, which were likely associated with pre-existing radial head chondromalacia. The complication rate was reported as 1.8%. Conclusion: Symptomatic elbow plicae were mostly treated arthroscopically, with most of the results being favorable. Pre-existing chondromalacia and the underestimation of concomitant intra-articular abnormalities may yield an inferior outcome.

Effects of backward gait training on balance, gross motor function, and gait in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M Elnahhas ◽  
Shorouk Elshennawy ◽  
Maya G Aly
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Function ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Function ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

Objective: To investigate the effects of backward gait training on balance, gross motor function, and gait parameters in children with cerebral palsy. Data sources: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Science Direct, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), and Google Scholar were searched up to May 2018. Review methods: Randomized controlled trials were included if they involved any form of backward gait training for children with cerebral palsy. Two authors independently screened articles, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality using PEDro scale, with any confliction resolved by the third author. Modified Sackett Scale was used to determine the level of evidence for each outcome. Results: Out of 1492 papers screened, 7 studies with 172 participants met the inclusion criteria. The duration of treatment ranged from 15 to 25 minutes, three times a week and for 6–12 weeks. The quality of studies ranged from good (two studies) to fair (four studies) and poor (one study), with a mean PEDro score of 4.7 out of 10. All included studies showed positive effects in the measured outcomes. The results showed level 1b evidence for balance when compared to no intervention, and for gross motor function, step length and walking speed when compared to same dose of forward gait training. The clinical heterogeneity of studies makes meta-analysis inappropriate. Conclusion: In children with cerebral palsy, there is moderate evidence that backward gait training improves balance, gross motor function, step length and walking velocity. More high-quality studies are needed.

scholarly journals Platelet-Rich Plasma Versus Corticosteroids for Plantar Fasciitis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 232596712091570
Author(s):  
Eoghan T. Hurley ◽  
Yoshiharu Shimozono ◽  
Charles P. Hannon ◽  
Niall A. Smyth ◽  
Christopher D. Murawski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Plantar Fasciitis ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
American Orthopaedic ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Background: Plantar fasciitis is the most common cause of plantar heel pain. Several recent randomized control trials (RCTs) have been published comparing the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and corticosteroids (CSs) for the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Purpose: To perform a systematic review of RCTs to compare whether PRP or CS injections result in decreased pain levels and improved patient outcomes in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were screened according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to identify RCTs comparing PRP and CS injections for plantar fasciitis. The visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores were compared between groups at 1, 1.5, 3, 6, and 12 months, where possible. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan, and P < .05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 9 RCTs were identified comparing 239 patients with PRP with 240 patients with CS injections. At the follow-up time points, including 1-1.5, 3, 6, and 12 months, there were statistically significant differences in VAS scores in favor of PRP ( P = .004, P < .00001, P < .00001, and P < .00001, respectively). At 1 and 3 months, there was no difference in AOFAS scores ( P = .76 and P = .35, respectively). However, at 6 and 12 months, there was a difference in AOFAS scores in favor of PRP ( P < .00001 and P < .00001, respectively). Conclusion: In patients with chronic plantar fasciitis, the current clinical evidence suggests that PRP may lead to a greater improvement in pain and functional outcome over CS injections.

scholarly journals Osteochondral Lesions of the Tibial Plafond: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 2473011420S0014
Author(s):  
James J. Butler ◽  
Kevin Rosas ◽  
Eoghan T. Hurley ◽  
John G. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Osteochondral Lesions ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Quality Of Evidence ◽  
Tibial Plafond ◽  
Meta Analyses

Category: Ankle; Sports; Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs) account for the majority of osteochondral lesions (OCLs) of the tibiotalar joint, with osteochondral lesions of the tibial plafond (OLTP) being less commonly reported. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the topographical characteristics of OLTPs, and outcomes following surgical intervention. Methods: A systematic review of the MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies reporting clinical data for OLTPs were included. The level and quality of evidence of the included studies was evaluated using the Modified Coleman Methodology Score. Results: Nineteen studies with 395 OLTPs were included. Overall, 75.9% of OLTPs were associated with a traumatic history and/or previous ankle sprain. OLTPs were most commonly located in the centromedial region of the tibial plafond (30.4%), with the fewest number of OLTPs found in the anterolateral region of the tibial plafond (3.9%). In total, 46.9% of OLTPs were associated with co-existing osteochondral lesions of the talus. Microfracture was the most frequently utilised surgical technique amongst the included studies, and reported good clinical outcomes at mid-term follow up. Four studies were level of evidence II and 15 studies were level of evidence IV. Conclusion: This systematic review has found that osteochondral lesions of the tibial plafond are not a rare clinical finding in the setting of ankle trauma and are often associated with co-existing osteochondral lesions of the talus. Clinical outcomes following arthroscopic intervention appear to produce good results in the mid-term, but the low level of evidence, poor quality of evidence, marked heterogeneity and underreporting of the data confounds any recommendation based on this systematic review.

Effect of Conductive Education on Motor Functions for Children with Cerebral Palsy: Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 2115-2121
Author(s):  
FATEN HASSAN ABD EL-AZIM, Ph.D.; SHIMAA MOAHMED REFAAT, Ph.D. ◽  
RAFIK FAYEZ ATTIA, M.Sc.
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Motor Functions ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy

scholarly journals Indications and outcomes of enterovesical and colovesical fistulas: systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of prevalence

BMC Surgery ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Granieri ◽  
Francesco Sessa ◽  
Alessandro Bonomi ◽  
Sissi Paleino ◽  
Federica Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Palliative Surgery ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Colovesical Fistula ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Entero-colovesical fistula is a rare complication of various benign and malignant diseases. The diagnosis is prominently based on clinical symptoms; imaging studies are necessary not only to confirm the presence of the fistula, but more importantly to demonstrate the extent and the nature of the fistula. There is still a lack of consensus regarding the if, when and how to repair the fistula. The aim of the study is to review the different surgical treatment options, focus on surgical indications, and explore cumulative recurrence, morbidity, and mortality rates of entero-vesical and colo-vesical fistula patients. Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Random effects meta-analyses of proportions were developed to assess primary and secondary endpoints. I2 statistic and Cochran’s Q test were computed to assess inter-studies’ heterogeneity. Results Twenty-two studies were included in the analysis with a total of 861 patients. Meta-analyses of proportions pointed out 5, 22.2, and 4.9% rates for recurrence, complications, and mortality respectively. A single-stage procedure was performed in 75.5% of the cases, whereas a multi-stage operation in 15.5% of patients. Palliative surgery was performed in 6.2% of the cases. In 2.3% of the cases, the surgical procedure was not specified. Simple and advanced repair of the bladder was performed in 84.3% and 15.6% of the cases respectively. Conclusions Although burdened by a non-negligible rate of complications, surgical repair of entero-colovesical fistula leads to excellent results in terms of primary healing. Our review offers opportunities for significant further research in this field. Level of Evidence Level III according to ELIS (SR/MA with up to two negative criteria).

scholarly journals Is the use of contraceptives associated with periodontal diseases? A systematic review and meta-analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaele Maria Lopes Castro ◽  
Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira ◽  
Iasmin Encaua Essashika Prazeres ◽  
Paula Beatriz de Oliveira Nunes ◽  
Marcela Baraúna Magno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptive ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Previous studies indicated an impact of hormonal contraceptive use on oral health. This systematic review aimed to investigate the evidence supporting the impact of the use of hormonal contraceptives and periodontal diseases. Methods This study is based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and based on the PECO acrostic. Inclusion criteria comprised observational studies including women (P), which evaluated hormonal contraceptive users (E) and hormonal contraceptive non-users (C), to verify the association between this hormonal therapy and the periodontal diseases (O). Searches were performed on 5 databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS and grey literature (OpenGrey and Google Scholar). After the selection process, the included studies were evaluated qualitatively. Moreover, quantitative data were analyzed in two meta-analyses for clinical attachment loss (CAL) and probing depth (PD). Finally, the level of certainty was measured with the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation) tool between periodontal clinical parameters. Results 18 articles were eligible for the qualitative synthesis and 7 of them were selected for quantitative analysis. Hence, 15 of the eligible articles reported an association between the use of hormonal contraceptives and severity of periodontal disease. However, 6 articles demonstrated high risk of bias and were excluded from quantitative synthesis. The meta-analysis showed a statistically significant difference for CAL (MD 0.24 [0.09, 0.40]; p = 0.002), but in PD (MD 0.05 [− 0.05, 0.15]; p = 0.33) such difference was not identified. A very low level of evidence was found between the clinical parameters. Conclusions The use of hormonal contraceptives may be associated to severity of periodontal diseases. However, the quantitative analysis points to an inconclusive outcome due to the high level of heterogeneity. The association is biologically plausible, however additional studies are warranted to better elucidate the clinical significance of this possible association.

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