scholarly journals Hearing screening program for school going children in India: necessity, justification, and suggested approaches

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shamim Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
School Settings

Abstract Background It is estimated that about 15% of students have transient hearing loss worldwide sufficient enough to interfere with communication, psychosocial relationship, and learning resulting in poor educational achievement and poverty. However, these conditions are reversible through timely detection and effective interventions. India is home to the largest number of school age children with hearing impairment, and majority of them remain undetected and untreated due to the absence of any dedicated hearing screening program. Therefore, this paper attempts to convince all stakeholders for planning and implementing early detection and intervention program for children with hearing impairment in school settings. Methods Recent literature estimates that children between the ages 0 and 14 years contribute 25.9% of the total Indian population. As per the global estimates of the prevalence of hearing impairment, India houses the largest number of school age children with hearing impairment. Many of them either remain out of school or perform poorly in school curriculum. Results The children in educational programs are readily and easily available for applying hearing screening procedures to detect hearing impairment and instituting audiological and educational remedial measures. But unfortunately, India has not yet envisaged any dedicated early detection and intervention program for school-going children consequently majority of children with hearing impairment undetected and untreated in the classroom. Conclusion Hearing impairment is a serious health concern among school age children which can adversely impact on communication, educational achievement, and vocational options. However, screening approaches for early identification in school age children across the world which are simple, effective, and cost-efficient can be considered for countries like India to reverse the ill effects of hearing impairment. Potential implication The paper may heighten the awareness among school personnel, educational administrators, and policymakers to consider planning and implementation of early detection and intervention program for children with hearing impairment in school settings.

A Preliminary Report on the Need for Statewide Standards for Hearing Screening

1981 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois D. McDermott ◽  
Dianne J. VanTasell
Keyword(s):  
School Districts ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Identification System ◽  
School Age ◽  
Similar Variation ◽  
Accurate Reporting

This article reports the frequency and hearing levels used in hearing screening by school districts in Minnesota. Such an array of standards probably indicates similar variation in pass-fail criteria and therefore precludes accurate reporting of the prevalence of hearing impairment in school-age children. The need for standardization throughout the identification system is discussed.

Social Validity of the Treatment Outcomes of an Early Intervention Program for Stuttering

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Lincoln ◽  
Mark Onslow ◽  
Vicki Reed
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Social Validity ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Early Intervention Program ◽  
Age And Sex ◽  
Control Samples

This research was designed to provide a socially valid evaluation of the posttreatment speech of children who received an operant treatment for early stuttering (The Lidcombe Program). Part A compared the posttreatment percent syllables stuttered (%SS) for preschool and school-age children with nonstuttering control children matched for age and sex. This study found that both groups attracted similar measures of %SS. Part B compared the number of "stuttering" versus "not stuttering" judgments made by experienced clinicians and unsophisticated listeners on the same speech samples. Control children were identified as "stuttering" significantly more than the treated children. The clinician listeners identified significantly more control samples and posttreatment samples as stuttering than the unsophisticated listeners. The implications of these results are discussed. It is concluded that The Lidcombe Program resulted in socially valid modifications in the participant's speech.

scholarly journals Concurrent genetic and standard screening test for hearing reduction

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Marina Davcheva Chakar ◽  
Gjorgji Bozhinovski ◽  
Emilija Shukarova Stefanovska ◽  
Dejan Trajkov
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Genetic Screening ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Deaf Child ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Pathogenic Variant ◽  
Gjb2 Gene ◽  
Brainstem Response

Reduction of hearing is the most common sensory impairment among newborns with an incidence of 1-3 per 1000 births. Introduction of an Auditory Newborn screening program allows early identification of hearing impairment. Mainly, congenital hearing loss in early childhood is a result of genetic changes. Due to high frequency of GJB2 pathogenic variants, its molecular characterization among sensorineural hearing reduction cases is already conducted as a routine analysis in many countries. The aim of this study is to show our initial results in the effort to determine whether genetic screening along with the standard hearing screening in newborns is justified. Otoacoustic emission (OAE) method was conducted in 223 newborns at risk of hearing impairment. Among them, 7 did not pass the test in both ears while 9 exhibited one-sided hearing loss. In all 7 children with indication of profound bilateral deafness, the diagnosis was confirmed using auditory brainstem response. Genetic screening of GJB2 gene was performed in 6 of them. Genetic analysis of GJB2 revealed homozygous state of the most common pathogenic variant 35delG in 3 (50%) of the analyzed infants. In the remaining 3 no pathogenic variant was determined. The results indicate that performing auditory OAE together with genetic screening is justified. In newborns who have not passed the hearing screening test and have profound hearing loss, without other syndrome traits, screening for mutations of GJB2 gene should be conducted. Genetic screening enables establishment of early definite diagnosis for deafness and helps in conducting adequate therapy providing timely rehabilitation and social inclusion of deaf child. Key words: hearing loss, genetic screening, auditory screening, GJB2 gene

Interpreting the Disparity in Educational Attainment among Various Socio-religious Groups in India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjan Ray Chaudhury
Keyword(s):  
Educational Achievement ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Inequality Decomposition ◽  
Educational Decisions ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Response Effect ◽  
Educational Participation

This study is an attempt to identify the origin of disparity in educational participation and educational achievement among various socio-religious groups in India. To accomplish this objective, we run the logistic model of regression to estimate the differential influences of the monetary returns to education and some personal, household and community-related factors affecting educational decisions of the school-age children across the groups. Then we use the method of inequality decomposition applicable for logit/probit model and decompose the existing inequality in the proportion of educational participation between some pairs of the socio-religious groups into ‘response effect’ and ‘attribute effect’. It is observed that there exists sharp disparity in educational participation among the various groups. A rise in estimated returns enhances the educational decisions of the members of the disadvantaged groups irrespective of their age and levels of education, but it can enhance the educational decisions of the members of the advantaged groups only at the upper end of their school-age. The percentage contribution of the ‘response effect’ of disparity in the rate of educational participation between Hindu-others and Muslims is greater compared to that of the ‘attribute effect’, but the former declines with the rise in the level of education. However, a significant proportion of the disparities in the educational participation between Hindu-others and Hindu-SC, and Hindu-others and Hindu-ST, is attributed to the characteristic differences at all levels of education except the middle.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Pattern of Mental Illness among School Age Children Seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital: A Six Year Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
A. K. Nkporbu ◽  
B. A. Alex-Hart
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Services ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Port Harcourt ◽  
The University

Background: A sound mental health in school age children is critical for good academic achievements and a better transition from childhood to adulthood. The increasing prevalence of mental illness in school age children, especially the adolescents, is of great public health concern globally. Aim: The aim of this study therefore was to determine the prevalence and pattern of mental health disorders among school age children seen at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH). Methodology: Consent for the study was obtained from the research ethical committee of the hospital. Medical case notes of all patients aged 5 years to 18 years seen in the clinic by Consultant Child and adolescent Psychiatrists from 2015 to 2019 were retrieved and thoroughly reviewed. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20 statistical package and results presented using descriptive and analytical methods. Results: Out of 7,856 patients seen in the Neuropsychiatry Clinic within the period under review, 408 (5.2%) were children aged between 5 to 18 years. Male was higher with 232 (56.9%). The most prevalent mental illnesses were anxiety disorders, 58 (14.2%), depressive illnesses 46 (11.3%), schizophrenic illness 44 (10.8%), mental and behavioural abnormality secondary to substance abuse (MABD) 43 (10.5%), bipolar affective disorders 37 (9.1%), while conversion disorders was the least with 3 (0.7%). Conclusion: Mental disorders are common among school age children seen in UPTH and often impair the emotional wellbeing of this population. A detailed and well worked out plan of management is needed to provide optimal mental health services to children and adolescents. Well-coordinated mental health services should be inculcated into the School Health Programme in Nigeria.

scholarly journals PENILAIAN PERILAKU CUCI TANGAN, PENYIMPANGAN PERKEMBANGAN DAN DETEKSI STUNTING MENGGUNAKAN KARTU MENUJU SEHAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
Antarini Antarini ◽  
Eka Safitri Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Kindergarten Children ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

HANDWASHING BEHAVIOR ASSESSMENT, DEVELOPMENTAL DEVIATION AND STUNTING DETECTION USING CARD TOWARDS HEALTHY Background: School-age children are a critical age group because at that age they are prone to health problems related to personal hygiene such as diarrhea, toothache, skin diseases and so on. Apart from personal hygiene issues, one of the risks of health problems that can cause growth and development problems for Kindergarten-aged children is nutrition. It is important for child development deviations to be detected early so that it can be quickly corrected for subsequent age development. Anthropometrically, assessing the nutritional status of school-age children can use the weight and height. A tool for monitoring the development of nutritional status of kindergarten children is Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS). Every child who is measured for height can immediately know their nutritional status. This study looked at a description of hand washing behavior, developmental deviations and stunting detection in kindergarten children.Purpose To assess hand washing behavior, developmental deviation and stunting detection in kindergarten children through KMS monitoring.Methods: The type of research used in this research was descriptive research. The research method used was a survey with a cross sectional approach. A total of 29 kindergarten children were assessed for hand washing behavior using WHO guidelines and assessed for stunting status using KMS Dinding.Results: The results of the study were mostly boys (51.7%) with ages 2 - 4 years, which is 62.1%. The results of the practice of washing children's hands using hand washing guidelines from the WHO obtained data as much as 21 children (75%) had been implemented well (6 - 7 steps) and less well by 7.1%. Early detection of child deviations using the Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire was 16 children (55.2%) according to development, but there were 9 children (31%) doubting results and 4 children (13.8%) likely to experience deviations. The results of measurements using KMS Dinding in kindergarten showed that there were 6.9% of children's measurement results in yellow, light green 86.2% and dark green of 6.9%. Conclusion: KMS Dinding can detect stunting in kindergarten children, there are children who may experience deviations and most children have washed their hands properly according to WHO guidelinesSuggestion provide motivation for students to get used to washing hands using soap in the school and home environment, in order to prevent diseases caused by dirty hands. The school is expected to continue to carry out early detection of children's growth and development so that improvements can be made immediately if a deviation is found in the child's growth and development Keywords: Hand Washing, Developmental Deviation, Nutritional Status ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Anak usia sekolah merupakan kelompok usia yang kritis karena pada usia tersebut rentan terkena masalah kesehatan terkait personal hygiene misalnya diare, sakit gigi, penyakit kulit dan sebagainya. Selain masalah personal hygiene, salah satu risiko masalah kesehatan yang dapat menyebabkan gangguan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) adalah masalah gizi. Penyimpangan perkembangan anak penting untuk dideteksi secara dini agar dapat dengan cepat dilakukan koreksi terhadap perkembangan usia selanjutnya . Secara antropometri penilaian status gizi anak usia sekolah dapat menggunakan indeks Berat Badan (BB) dan Tinggi Badan (TB). Alat untuk memantau perkembangan status gizi anak TK adalah Kartu Menuju Sehat (KMS). Setiap anak yang diukur TB dapat segera diketahui status gizinya. Penelitian ini melihat gambaran perilaku cuci tangan, penyimpangan perkembangan dan deteksi stunting pada anak taman kanak-kanak.Tujuan: Menilai perilaku cuci tangan, peyimpangan perkembangan dan deteksi stunting pada anak taman kanak-kanak melalui pemantauan KMS.Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah jenis penelitian deskriptif. Metode penelitian yang yang digunakan adalah survey dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sebanyak 29 anak TK dinilai perilaku cuci tangan menggunakan pedoman WHO dan dinilai status stunting menggunakan KMS Dinding.Hasil: Hasil penelitian sebagian besar yaitu anak berjenis kelamin laki-laki (51,7%) dengan usianya adalah usia 2 - 4 tahun yaitu sebesar 62,1%. Hasil praktik mencuci tangan anak dengan menggunakan pedoman cuci tangan dari WHO diperoleh data sebanyak 21 anak (75%) telah melaksanakan dengan baik (6 – 7 langkah) dan kurang baik sebesar 7,1%. Deteksi dini penyimpangan anak dengan menggunakan Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan (KPSP) sebanyak 16 anak (55,2%) sesuai dengan perkembangan, namun terdapat 9 anak (31%)  meragukan dan 4 anak (13,8%) kemungkinan mengalami penyimpangan. Hasil pengukuran menggunakan KMS dinding pada sekolah TK menunjukkan bahwa terdapat sebesar 6,9% hasil pengukuran anak berada pada warna kuning, hijau muda 86,2% dan hijau tua sebesar 6,9%.Kesimpulan: KMS Dinding dapat mendeteksi terjadinya stunting pada anak TK, terdapat anak yang kemungkinan mengalami penyimpangan dan sebagian besar anak telah mencuci tangan dengan baik sesuai dengan pedoman WHOSaran memberikan motivasi pada siswa untuk membiasakan diri cuci tangan menggunakan sabun di lingkungan sekolah dan rumah, guna mencegah timbulnya penyakit yang disebabkan oleh tangan yang kotor. Pihak sekolah diharapkan terus dapat melakukan deteksi dini tumbuh kembang anak agar dapat segera dilakukan upaya perbaikan jika ditemukan kondisi penyimpangan pada tumbuh kembang anak Keywords: Cuci Tangan, Penyimpangan Perkembangan, Status Gizi

scholarly journals A Mobile Phone–Based Approach for Hearing Screening of School-Age Children: Cross-Sectional Validation Study

10.2196/12033 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e12033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Chia Chu ◽  
Yen-Fu Cheng ◽  
Ying-Hui Lai ◽  
Yu Tsao ◽  
Tzong-Yang Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Development of The AR School App for Children with Hearing Impairment Who Begin Learning Ecuadorian Sign Language using Augmented Reality

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-466
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Learning Module ◽  
Initial Learning ◽  
Teachers And Parents

Augmented reality AR has been used for many years in different fields of education. It has provided advantages in learning, However, no applications focused on the initial learning of Ecuadorian sign language for children with hearing impairments in their primary school years have been found. In this paper we present the development of a mobile application based on augmented reality, the Unity tool was used as a platform for mobile devices and the Vuforia SDK complement for augmented reality. With this application, the child can see the gesticulation of words in sign language through the use of printed templates. It also has an option to perform a quiz that will allow it to evaluate the knowledge the children acquired from the learning module. The mobile application called ARSchool based on augmented reality which is designed and adapted for people with hearing impairment, mainly for school-age children, as support for the initial learning of sign language in Ecuador. Once the application was developed, it was tested both at school and at home, in which teachers and parents made children with hearing impairments interact

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