OFFSHORE SINGING—FIELD EXPERIMENTS AND THEORETICAL INTERPRETATION

Geophysics ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Werth ◽  
D. T. Liu ◽  
A. W. Trorey
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Ocean Surface ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
Seismic Records

At some locations offshore, seismic records degenerate into nearly sinusoidal waves or simple combinations of nearly sinusoidal waves despite the fact that the recording may be made with little or no seismic filtering. Results from field experiments indicate that this “singing” phenomenon is caused by the reflections themselves exciting an acoustic resonant layer formed by the ocean surface and bottom. A simple theoretical model predicts the mode of excitation and the frequency, depth, and range dependence which are verified by controlled field experiments.

scholarly journals Deadlines and Memory Limitations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steffen Altmann ◽  
Christian Traxler ◽  
Philipp Weinschenk
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Task Completion ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Natural Field ◽  
Memory And Attention ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
Systematic Effects ◽  
The Cost

This paper presents the results of two natural field experiments at a dental clinic. Guided by a simple theoretical model, we exogenously vary deadlines and associated rewards for arranging checkup appointments. Our data show strong and systematic effects of deadlines on patients’ behavior. Imposing deadlines induces patients to act earlier and at a persistently higher frequency than without a deadline. We further document that individuals systematically respond to deadlines even if these are not tied to explicit rewards. Several of our findings suggest that individuals’ responses to deadlines are shaped by limitations in memory and attention. Our results illustrate that deadlines can be a powerful management tool to encourage timely task completion and to increase the cost effectiveness of performance-contingent rewards. This paper was accepted by Axel Ockenfels, behavioral economics and decision analysis.

scholarly journals Incumbent and Entrant Bidding in Scoring Rule Auctions: A Study on Italian Canteen Services

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Camboni ◽  
Paola Valbonesi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Scoring Rule ◽  
The Public ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
Original Dataset

AbstractWe empirically investigate incumbents’ and entrants’ bids on an original dataset of 192 scoring rule auctions for canteen services in Italy. Our findings show that winning rebates are lower (i.e., prices paid by the public buyer are higher) when the contract is awarded to the incumbent supplier. This result is not explained by the observable characteristics of the auction or the service awarded. We develop a simple theoretical model showing that the result is consistent with a setting in which the buyer exploits specific information on the incumbent supplier’s production cost.

scholarly journals A Semi-Theoretical Model for Water Condensation: Dew Used in Conservation of Earthen Heritage Sites

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Xiang He ◽  
Sijia Wang ◽  
Bingjian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Mass Transfer Process ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
Heritage Sites ◽  
Dew Formation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Two Parameter

Dew is a common but important phenomenon. Though water is previously considered to be a threat to earthen heritage sites, artificial dew is showing potential in relic preservation. A model of dew prediction on earthen sites will be essential for developing preventive protection methods, but studies of dew formation processes on relics are limited. In this study, a two parameter model is proposed. It makes approximations according to the features of earthen heritage sites, assuming that a thin and steady air layer exists close to the air–solid interface. This semi-theoretical model was based on calculations of the mass transfer process in the air layer, and was validated by simulations of laboratory experiments (R > 0.9) as well as field experiments. Additionally, a numerical simulation, performed by the commercial software COMSOL, confirmed that the difference between fitting parameter δ and the thickness of assumed mass transfer field was not significant. This model will be helpful in developing automatic environmental control systems for stabilizing water and soluble salts, thus enhancing preventive protection of earthen heritage sites.

scholarly journals Market Choices Driven by Reference Groups: A Comparison of Analytical and Simulation Results on Random Networks

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Michał Ramsza
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Group Influence ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
High Connectivity ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Two Equilibria

The present paper reports simulation results for a simple model of reference group influence on market choices, e.g., brand selection. The model was simulated on three types of random graphs, Erdos–Renyi, Barabasi–Albert, and Watts–Strogatz. The estimates of equilibria based on the simulation results were compared to the equilibria of the theoretical model. It was verified that the simulations exhibited the same qualitative behavior as the theoretical model, and for graphs with high connectivity and low clustering, the quantitative predictions offered a viable approximation. These results allowed extending the results from the simple theoretical model to networks. Thus, by increasing the positive response towards the reference group, the third party may create a bistable situation with two equilibria at which respective brands dominate the market. This task is easier for large reference groups.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL MODELLING OF THE COLLABORATION BETWEEN CONSUMERS AND PROVIDERS OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCHOOL’S MISSION

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Aušrinė Gumuliauskienė ◽  
Jovita Starkutė
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Theoretical Modelling ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
School Services ◽  
Collaboration Process

<em>The article deals with the problem of the collaboration between consumers and providers of educational services in the implementation of school’s mission. The concept of the consumers and providers of school services has been presented, the mission of the school of today has been defined, the contradictions of its implementation in the postmodern society have been highlighted, the importance of the collaboration between parents as consumers of educational services and pedagogues as providers of educational services in the implementation of school’s mission has been substantiated, the factors conditioning collaboration, the principles determining the involvement and participation of the consumers of educational services, and the essential elements of collaboration have been actualized. A theoretical interpretation of the concept of value creation in interaction has been presented. Referring to the analysis and meta-analysis of the development and structure of the collaboration process at school a theoretical model of the development of collaboration between consumers and providers of educational services at school has been conceptualized</em>

scholarly journals Theoretical Bounds on Electron Energy Filtering in Disordered Nanomaterials

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amro Dodin ◽  
Brian F. Aull ◽  
Roderick R. Kunz ◽  
Adam Willard
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Discrete Energy ◽  
Energy Filtering ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
Particle Polydispersity ◽  
Electron Energy Filtering ◽  
Individual Nanoparticles

This manuscript presents a theoretical model for determining the electron energy filtering properties of nanocomposite materials. Individual nanoparticles can serve as energy filters for tunneling electrons due their discretized energy levels. Nanomaterials comprised of many individual nanoparticles can in principle serve the same purpose, however, particle polydispersity can lead to an additional source of energetic broadening. We describe a simple theoretical model that includes the effects of discrete energy levels and inhomogeneous broadening. We use this model to identify the material parameters needed for effective energy filtering by quantum dot solids.

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