scholarly journals Market Choices Driven by Reference Groups: A Comparison of Analytical and Simulation Results on Random Networks

Entropy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1007
Author(s):  
Michał Ramsza
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Group Influence ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
High Connectivity ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Two Equilibria

The present paper reports simulation results for a simple model of reference group influence on market choices, e.g., brand selection. The model was simulated on three types of random graphs, Erdos–Renyi, Barabasi–Albert, and Watts–Strogatz. The estimates of equilibria based on the simulation results were compared to the equilibria of the theoretical model. It was verified that the simulations exhibited the same qualitative behavior as the theoretical model, and for graphs with high connectivity and low clustering, the quantitative predictions offered a viable approximation. These results allowed extending the results from the simple theoretical model to networks. Thus, by increasing the positive response towards the reference group, the third party may create a bistable situation with two equilibria at which respective brands dominate the market. This task is easier for large reference groups.

Social Comparison and Informal Group Influence

1976 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
George P. Moschis
Keyword(s):  
Social Comparison ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Group Influence ◽  
Informal Group ◽  
Study Support ◽  
Insight Into

Little is known about the basis on which an individual selects and is influenced by specific reference groups. An attempt is made to explain consumer susceptibility to informal group influence by Festinger's theory of social comparison. The results of the study support hypotheses derived from the theory and offer insight into the determination of reference group influence. Marketing implications of this theory are discussed.

scholarly journals Brief research note: Self congruity, reference groups, and consumer behavior

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Van Der Giessen ◽  
Nicole Rijken ◽  
Johann Louw
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Group Influence ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Potential Relationship ◽  
Number Of Factors

The decision to buy certain products and brands depends on a number of factors; some social, and some personal. In this report, we explore the potential relationship between self-image, reference group influence, and consumer behaviour.

Reference group influence in consumer role rehearsal narratives

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Marie Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Reference Groups ◽  
Group Influence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Perspective

Purpose – This paper aims to analyse reference group influence through the imagined audience construct of the role theory. Prior research has shown the influential nature of reference groups on an individuals’ behaviour. The studied theatrical metaphor supplies a new perspective to the social phenomenon of reference group dynamics in consumer behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – Twenty face-to-face interviews were conducted utilizing a naturalistic research study design. The interviews took place in the participants’ homes, and participants were asked to create five outfits for various social situations. Then, the participants were asked about the outfits they created, and how that outfit aided in their role preparation process. An inductive analysis of the data resulted in narrative themes that align with several role theory constructs. Findings – The consumer role rehearsal narratives that emerged describe the process individuals go through for anticipated social interactions. Depending on the social situation, role theory constructs such as role expectations, role location, role learning and role skill were highlighted. The imagined audience of various reference groups do impact the individual’s future behaviours. Research limitations/implications – Future researchers could apply additional role theory constructs not only to reference groups but also to other aspects of consumer behaviour as well. Originality/value – This paper supplies a role theory framework that can be used by future researchers when studying reference group influence on consumer behaviour.

scholarly journals Incumbent and Entrant Bidding in Scoring Rule Auctions: A Study on Italian Canteen Services

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Riccardo Camboni ◽  
Paola Valbonesi
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Production Cost ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Scoring Rule ◽  
The Public ◽  
Simple Theoretical Model ◽  
Original Dataset

AbstractWe empirically investigate incumbents’ and entrants’ bids on an original dataset of 192 scoring rule auctions for canteen services in Italy. Our findings show that winning rebates are lower (i.e., prices paid by the public buyer are higher) when the contract is awarded to the incumbent supplier. This result is not explained by the observable characteristics of the auction or the service awarded. We develop a simple theoretical model showing that the result is consistent with a setting in which the buyer exploits specific information on the incumbent supplier’s production cost.

Modulation instability in nonlinear chiral fiber

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Demissie Jobir Gelmecha ◽  
Ram Sewak Singh
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Pulse Propagation ◽  
Modulation Instability ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Gain Spectrum ◽  
Circularly Polarized ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Difference

AbstractIn this paper, the rigorous derivations of generalized coupled chiral nonlinear Schrödinger equations (CCNLSEs) and their modulation instability analysis have been explored theoretically and computationally. With the consideration of Maxwell’s equations and Post’s constitutive relations, a generalized CCNLSE has been derived, which describes the evolution of left-handed circularly polarized (LCP) and right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) components propagating through single-core nonlinear chiral fiber. The analysis of modulation instability in nonlinear chiral fiber has been investigated starting from CCNLSEs. Based on a theoretical model and numerical simulations, the difference on the modulation instability gain spectrum in LCP and RCP components through chiral fiber has been analyzed by considering loss and chirality into account. The obtained simulation results have shown that the loss distorts the sidebands of the modulation instability gain spectrum, while chirality modulates the gain for LCP and RCP components in a different manner. This suggests that adjusting chirality strength may control the loss, and nonlinearity simultaneously provides stable modulated pulse propagation.

Analysis of Center Detonation Characteristics of Water Mist

2014 ◽  
Vol 602-605 ◽  
pp. 3434-3437
Author(s):  
Yu Kun Chen ◽  
Ke Yin Wang ◽  
Hai Ying Huang ◽  
Pai Hang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Water Mist ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Detonation Characteristics

This paper analyzed the formula for calculating the velocity and scatter radius of water mist droplets after detonation. Through establishing model, calculating by the formula and simulation of theoretical model, the reasons of deviation between calculation and simulation results were found out. In order to make theoretical calculation more accurate and applicable, new formula was created by introducing correction factors.

Investigation on penetration model of shaped charge jet in water

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 1550268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinwei Shi ◽  
Xingbai Luo ◽  
Jinming Li ◽  
Jianwei Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Jet Penetration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Penetration Velocity

To analyze the process of jet penetration in water medium quantitatively, the properties of jet penetration spaced target with water interlayer were studied through test and numerical simulation. Two theoretical models of jet penetration in water were proposed. The theoretical model 1 was established considering the impact of the shock wave, combined with the shock equation Rankine–Hugoniot and the virtual origin calculation method. The theoretical model 2 was obtained by fitting theoretical analysis and numerical simulation results. The effectiveness and universality of the two theoretical models were compared through the numerical simulation results. Both the models can reflect the relationship between the penetration velocity and the penetration distance in water well, and both the deviation and stability of theoretical model 1 are better than 2, the lower penetration velocity, and the larger deviation of the theoretical model 2. Therefore, the theoretical model 1 can reflect the properties of jet penetration in water effectively, and provide the reference of model simulation and theoretical research.

Reference group influence on binary choices dynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arianna Dal Forno ◽  
Ugo Merlone
Keyword(s):  
Reference Group ◽  
Group Influence ◽  
Binary Choices
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