Changes in extreme rainfall in arid and semi-arid region projected by super high resolution AGCM

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Tanaka* ◽  
Habiba Omar ◽  
Shigenobu Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Initiation of daytime local convection in a semi-arid region analysed with high-resolution simulations and AMMA observations

2011 ◽  
Vol 138 (662) ◽  
pp. 56-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Couvreux ◽  
C. Rio ◽  
F. Guichard ◽  
M. Lothon ◽  
G. Canut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPACIAL DE DESASTRES HIDROMETEREOLÓGICOS NA REGIÃO DO ALTO SERTÃO DA PARAÍBA

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1387-1396
Author(s):  
Diêgo Alan Mangueira da Silva ◽  
Natieli Tenório Da Silva ◽  
Marcelo De Oliveira Moura
Keyword(s):  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Distribution ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Brazilian Northeast ◽  
Semi Arid

A região do Alto Sertão localiza-se no extremo oeste do estado da Paraíba e, por estar localizada no Semiárido brasileiro, possui um regime anual caracterizado com chuvas escassas e irregulares. Contudo, existem registros de desastres hidrometereológicos na região de estudo. Objetiva-se por este trabalho analisar a distribuição espaço-temporal das ocorrências de desastres naturais de ordem hidrometereológica na região do Alto Sertão da Paraíba aos quais almejaram decretos por Situação de Emergência (SE) entre os anos de 2004 e 2009. A respeito dos resultados, observou-se a ocorrência de 65 desastres hidrometereológicos sendo 34 ocorrências do tipo inundação; 14 ocorrências do tipo enxurradas; 12 ocorrências do tipo chuvas intensas; e uma ocorrência do tipo vendaval.Palavras-chave: Semiárido paraibano. Desastres Naturais. Decretos de Reconhecimento. ABSTRACTThe Northeastern Sertão is a high vulnerability area socially and environmentally built. Due to the irregular rains corroborated by extreme rainfall that permeates this region, the Brazilian Northeast is susceptible to hydrometeorological disasters even though it is situated in the semi-arid region where there are few rains during the year. The objective of this article is to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution of the disasters caused by drought, which aimed at decrees by Emergency Situation (ES) and by State of Public Calamity (SPC), between the years of 2003 and 2016, in the region of Alto Sertão da Paraíba. The data of these disasters were found in the site of National System of Civil Protection of Ministry of Integration (MI).Keywords: Paraibano semi-arid. Natural Disasters. Recognition decrees. RESUMEN La región del Alto Sertão se encuentra en el extremo oeste del estado de Paraíba y, al estar ubicada en el semiárido brasileño, tiene un régimen anual caracterizado por lluvias escasas e irregulares. Sin embargo, existen registros de desastres hidrometeológicos en la región de estudio. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la distribución espacio-temporal de las ocurrencias de desastres naturales hidrometeerológicos en la región del Alto Sertão da Paraíba a la que solicitaron Decretos por situación de emergencia (SE) entre 2004 y 2009. Con respecto a los resultados, Se observaron 65 desastres hidrometeológicos y 34 eventos de tipo inundación; 14 ocurrencias de tipo escorrentía; 12 ocurrencias del tipo de fuertes lluvias; y una ocurrencia como vendaval.Palabras clave: Paraiban semiárido. Desastres naturales. Decretos de reconocimiento.

The Molecular Characterization and Biological Assessment of the Leaves Extracts of Loofah Reveal their Nutraceutical Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takoua Ben Hlel ◽  
Feten Belhadj ◽  
Fatih Gül ◽  
Muhammed Altun ◽  
Ayşe Şahin Yağlıoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Hela Cell ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biological Assessment ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Background:: Luffa cylindrica is a plant that is widely distributed in Africa and Asia and it can be grown in regions with tropical or subtropical climates. Few patents dealt with Loofah biological properties, including some functional foods formulated from its leaves. Objective:: This study aimed to structurally and functionally characterize the bioactive compounds of L. cylindrica leaves grown in two different environments. Methods:: The extracts of L. cylindrica leaves collected from two Tunisian locations: Essouasi (LE), a semi-arid region and Medenine (LM) an arid region, were investigated for their phenolic compounds and fatty acids using HPLC/TOF-MS and GCMS techniques respectively. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity was evaluated with DPPH, Chelating effect, Hydroxyl radical and Superoxide anion scavenging activities while the anticancer activity against HeLa cell lines was assessed using xCELLigence real time cell analyzer and lactate dehydrogenase cytotoxicity assay. Results:: The antiproliferative capacity of both extracts was time and dose-dependent with LE presenting the lowest HeLa cell index (CI = 0.035 ± 0.018, 250 μg/ml). LE also showed the best cytotoxic capacity (56.49 ± 0.8%) and antioxidant potential (IC50 = 54.41 ± 1.12 μg/ml for DPPH and 12.12 ± 0.07 μg/ml for chelating effet). 14 phenolic compounds were detected in LE with ferulic acid being the major compound (5128.5 ± 4.09 μg Phenols/g) while LM had only 6 phenolics. GCMS analysis showed the presence of omega-3 fatty acids in LE. Conclusions:: Our findings suggest that L. cylindrica leaves, especially when collected from semi-arid regions, are promising for formulating nutraceuticals of interest.

Space-time monitoring of soil organic carbon content across a semi-arid region of Australia

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. e00367
Author(s):  
Patrick Filippi ◽  
Stephen R. Cattle ◽  
Matthew J. Pringle ◽  
Thomas F.A. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals Effect of Temperature on Sowing Dates of Wheat under Arid and Semi-Arid Climatic Regions and Impact Quantification of Climate Change through Mechanistic Modeling with Evidence from Field

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 927
Author(s):  
Jamshad Hussain ◽  
Tasneem Khaliq ◽  
Muhammad Habib ur Rahman ◽  
Asmat Ullah ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Rising temperature from climate change is the most threatening factor worldwide for crop production. Sustainable wheat production is a challenge due to climate change and variability, which is ultimately a serious threat to food security in Pakistan. A series of field experiments were conducted during seasons 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 in the semi-arid (Faisalabad) and arid (Layyah) regions of Punjab-Pakistan. Three spring wheat genotypes were evaluated under eleven sowing dates from 16 October to 16 March, with an interval of 14–16 days in the two regions. Data for the model calibration and evaluation were collected from field experiments following the standard procedures and protocols. The grain yield under future climate scenarios was simulated by using a well-calibrated CERES-wheat model included in DSSAT v4.7. Future (2051–2100) and baseline (1980–2015) climatic data were simulated using 29 global circulation models (GCMs) under representative concentration pathway (RCP) 8.5. These GCMs were distributed among five quadrants of climatic conditions (Hot/Wet, Hot/Dry, Cool/Dry, Cool/Wet, and Middle) by a stretched distribution approach based on temperature and rainfall change. A maximum of ten GCMs predicted the chances of Middle climatic conditions during the second half of the century (2051–2100). The average temperature during the wheat season in a semi-arid region and arid region would increase by 3.52 °C and 3.84 °C, respectively, under Middle climatic conditions using the RCP 8.5 scenario during the second half-century. The simulated grain yield was reduced by 23.5% in the semi-arid region and 35.45% in the arid region under Middle climatic conditions (scenario). Mean seasonal temperature (MST) of sowing dates ranged from 16 to 27.3 °C, while the mean temperature from the heading to maturity (MTHM) stage was varying between 12.9 to 30.4 °C. Coefficients of determination (R2) between wheat morphology parameters and temperature were highly significant, with a range of 0.84–0.96. Impacts of temperature on wheat sown on 15 March were found to be as severe as to exterminate the crop before heading. The spikes and spikelets were not formed under a mean seasonal temperature higher than 25.5 °C. In a nutshell, elevated temperature (3–4 °C) till the end-century can reduce grain yield by about 30% in semi-arid and arid regions of Pakistan. These findings are crucial for growers and especially for policymakers to decide on sustainable wheat production for food security in the region.

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