scholarly journals The machine as psychotherapist: impersonal communication with a machine

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 416-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Digby Tantam
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Cognitive Maps ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Test Administration ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Behavioural Therapies

Machines will replace therapists and counsellors. This was the confident prediction made a decade ago. In this article, I discuss the inherent limitations of machines as conversationalists that have prevented the prediction from coming true. Machines can, however, be exploited to assist therapy and I consider the following digital tools: test administration; managing procedural, symptom-relieving cognitive–behavioural therapies; providing virtual environments for immersive behavioural therapies and for e-learning; and assisting training through automated discourse analysis and the use of cognitive maps.

scholarly journals Efficacy and moderators of efficacy of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapies in children and adolescents: protocol for an individual participant data meta-analysis from randomised trials

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e047212
Author(s):  
Anke de Haan ◽  
Caitlin Hitchcock ◽  
Richard Meiser-Stedman ◽  
Markus A Landolt ◽  
Isla Kuhn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
First Line ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Behavioural Therapies ◽  
First Line Treatment

IntroductionTrauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapies are the first-line treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents. Nevertheless, open questions remain with respect to efficacy: why does this first-line treatment not work for everyone? For whom does it work best? Individual clinical trials often do not provide sufficient statistical power to examine and substantiate moderating factors. To overcome the issue of limited power, an individual participant data meta-analysis of randomised trials evaluating forms of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years will be conducted.Methods and analysisWe will update the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guideline literature search from 2018 with an electronic search in the databases PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and CINAHL with the terms (trauma* OR stress*) AND (cognitive therap* OR psychotherap*) AND (trial* OR review*). Electronic searches will be supplemented by a comprehensive grey literature search in archives and trial registries. Only randomised trials that used any manualised psychological treatment—that is a trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children and adolescents—will be included. The primary outcome variable will be child-reported posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) post-treatment. Proxy-reports (teacher, parent and caregiver) will be analysed separately. Secondary outcomes will include follow-up assessments of PTSS, PTSD diagnosis and symptoms of comorbid disorders such as depression, anxiety-related and externalising problems. Random-effects models applying restricted maximum likelihood estimation will be used for all analyses. We will use the Revised Cochrane Risk of Bias tool to measure risk of bias.Ethics and disseminationContributing study authors need to have permission to share anonymised data. Contributing studies will be required to remove patient identifiers before providing their data. Results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019151954.

Conceptual maps in e-learning

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 171-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacopo Armani ◽  
Andrea Rocci
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
New Information ◽  
Conceptual Maps ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Hypermedia Applications ◽  
Linguistic Means

The paper presents a design strategy for e-learning hypermedia interfaces based on the notion of conceptual-navigational map. It proposes to analyze the cognitive and communication problems that arise in the use of hypermedia applications with specific goals, such as e-learning courseware modules, with the linguistic tools of pragmatics and discourse analysis, and shows how this can help in identifying specific communication problems related to the grounding and contextualization of new information, and how it can lead to new insights for design and to interfaces inspired by the linguistic means used in verbal communication to manage analogous problems. The implementation of such a design strategy in the SWISSLING courseware modules is discussed, and future directions of development towards context- aware adaptive hypermedia are briefly outlined.

scholarly journals Prospective mental imagery in depression: Impact on reward processing and reward-motivated behaviour

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Renner ◽  
Jessica Werthmann ◽  
Andreas Paetsch ◽  
Hannah E. Bär ◽  
Max Heise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Behavioural Therapies ◽  
Processing Motivation ◽  
Reward Motivation ◽  
The Impact

Background Mental imagery has long been part of cognitive behavioural therapies. More recently, a resurgence of interest has emerged for prospective mental imagery, i.e. future-directed imagery-based thought, and its relation to reward processing, motivation and behaviour in the context of depression. Method We conducted a selective review on the role of prospective mental imagery and its impact on reward processing and reward-motivated behaviour in depression. Results Based on the current literature, we propose a conceptual mechanistic model of prospective mental imagery. Prospective mental imagery of engaging in positive activities can increase reward anticipation and reward motivation, which can transfer to increased engagement in reward-motivated behaviour and more experiences of reward, thereby decreasing depressive symptoms. We suggest directions for future research using multimodal assessments to measure the impact of prospective mental imagery from its basic functioning in the lab to real-world and clinical implementation. Conclusion Prospective mental imagery has the potential to improve treatment for depression where the aim is to increase reward-motivated behaviours. Future research should investigate how exactly and for whom prospective mental imagery works.

scholarly journals Immersive virtual environments and embodied agents for e-learning applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e315
Author(s):  
Isabel S. Fitton ◽  
Daniel J. Finnegan ◽  
Michael J. Proulx
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Environments ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Immersive Virtual Environments ◽  
Traditional Lectures ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Lack Of Commitment ◽  
Embodied Agent ◽  
Remote Learning

Massive Open Online Courses are a dominant force in remote-learning yet suffer from persisting problems stemming from lack of commitment and low completion rates. In this initial study we investigate how the use of immersive virtual environments for Power-Point based informational learning may benefit learners and mimic traditional lectures successfully. We examine the role of embodied agent tutors which are frequently implemented within virtual learning environments. We find similar performance on a bespoke knowledge test and metrics for motivation, satisfaction, and engagement by learners in both real and virtual environments, regardless of embodied agent tutor presence. Our results raise questions regarding the viability of using virtual environments for remote-learning paradigms, and we emphasise the need for further investigation to inform the design of effective remote-learning applications.

scholarly journals Cognitive behavioural therapies for fibromyalgia

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Bernardy ◽  
Petra Klose ◽  
Angela J Busch ◽  
Ernest HS Choy ◽  
Winfried Häuser
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Behavioural Therapies
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