scholarly journals Management of alcohol Korsakoff syndrome

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iain David Smith ◽  
Audrey Hillman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Popular Belief ◽  
Korsakoff Syndrome ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
History Of

“Contrary to popular belief, partial recovery from Korsakoff's Psychosis is the rule and 21% recover more or less completely. However the extent to which the patient will recover cannot be predicted with confidence during the acute stages of the illness. Failure to appreciate these facts about the natural history of the mental illness may result in the premature confinement of the patient to a mental hospital” (Victoret al, 1971).

The Neurosyphilitic Psychoses Today

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (518) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth Dewhurst
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Psychotic Illness ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
Complete Ignorance ◽  
History Of

Neurosyphilis, causing a psychotic illness of such severity as to necessitate admission to a mental hospital, though now rare, has not been completely eradicated. This study is based on 91 psychotic patients with neurosyphilis admitted to six mental hospitals between 1950 and 1965. Its main purpose is to ascertain the incidence, and to present the natural history of the neurosyphilitic psychoses during a period when antibiotics were available. It is likely that some patients in this series were given penicillin for an intercurrent infection in complete ignorance of the underlying syphilitic process. Indeed, Joffe, Black and Floyd (1968) and Heathfield (1968) have reported modifications in the clinical picture of neurosyphilis, tending to mask the diagnosis, caused by earlier administration of antibiotics for intercurrent infections. Thus the widespread use of antibiotics, though greatly reducing the incidence of neurosyphilitic psychosis, may well have increased the mutability of the disease as reflected in its changing prevalence, distribution and clinical characteristics.

Natural History Studies in Mental Illness

1960 ◽  
Vol 106 (442) ◽  
pp. 93-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Pollitt
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Medical History ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Natural History Studies ◽  
History Of

The history of mediaeval medicine shows clearly that the decline of a science takes place whenever the tendency to theorize overruns the desire to observe and measure. Psychiatry with its shorter medical history has suffered from this tendency until fairly recent times. Even now, it is possible to estimate the efficiency of a nation's psychiatric progress by comparing the amount of factual research with the emphasis placed on unproven theoretical concepts in clinical practice.

Obsessional Illness in Mental Hospital Patients

1961 ◽  
Vol 107 (448) ◽  
pp. 382-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Ingram
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Hospital Patients ◽  
History Of

The descriptive study reported here has three main objects: to describe in detail the natural history of a group of obsessional patients; to compare the findings in this group with those in comparable groups of hysterics and anxiety neurotics; and to find in what ways a sample composed of in-patients of a mental hospital differs from other groups of obsessional patients previously described.

scholarly journals One dose of Architecture, taken daily: Building for Mental Health in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebecca McLaughlan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Hospital Design ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

<p>Thousands of New Zealanders were treated in the nation’s mental hospitals in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Existing research has examined this history of institutionalisation from the perspectives of policy, psychiatric medicine and nursing culture, but to date little has been written about the built fabric of this type of institutional care. This dissertation asks what does the architectural approach taken to Seacliff Asylum (1878-84), Kingseat Hospital (1927-40) and Cherry Farm Hospital (1943-71) indicate about official attitudes to mental illness in New Zealand. Architecture was thought to be capable of performing a curative role in the treatment of mental illness; the administrators of New Zealand’s mental hospitals stated this belief publically in various press releases and reports to the government between 1878 and 1957. This dissertation examines Seacliff, Kingseat and Cherry Farm against current thought regarding the treatment of mental illness and against best architectural practice in mental hospital design.   While these three institutions were the jewels in the crown of New Zealand’s mental hospital network, only Kingseat could be considered an exemplary hospital of its time. The compromises that occurred in the construction of Seacliff, Kingseat and Cherry Farm hospitals indicate that meeting the needs of the mentally ill was only one of a number of agendas that were addressed by the officials involved in the design of these institutions. Many of these agendas were peripheral to the delivery of mental health care, such as the political desire for colonial propaganda and professional concerns of marginalisation, and conflicted with the attainment of ideal environments for the treatment of mental illness. The needs of the mentally ill were a low priority for successive New Zealand governments who exhibited a reluctance to spend taxpayer funds on patients who were not considered curable. The architects and medical advisors involved in the design of these facilities did attempt to meet the needs of these patients; however, they were limited by a design and procurement process that elevated political and operational concerns over the curative potential of these hospitals.   This dissertation also examines the role of individuals in the design of these institutions. Architect Robert Lawson was reproached for deficiencies in the curative potential of Seacliff Asylum. Similarly, medical administrator Theodore Gray has received criticism for limiting the development of New Zealand’s wider network of mental hospital care. This dissertation establishes that Lawson and Gray deserve greater recognition for their relative contributions to the architecture created, within New Zealand, for the treatment of mental illness.</p>

Abstract 3472: Neurofluctuations in Patients with Subcortical Ischemic Stroke (NISS)

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William J Hicks ◽  
Indrani Acosta ◽  
Susan Alderman ◽  
Hui Peng ◽  
Renganayaki Pandurengan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Partial Recovery ◽  
Motor Score ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
A Prospective Study

Objective: Patients with progressive strokes during hospitalization have increased morbidity and mortality as well as worsened functional outcome compared with those who remain stable. While the reported rate of fluctuations in subcortical stroke patients has ranged between 20 to 70%, there are no prospective “natural history” data regarding in-hospital deterioration, neurofluctuation, and reversion back to baseline. The purpose of this prospective study was to capture the incidence of fluctuations and their outcome in subcortical stroke patients receiving standard of care (antiplatelet drugs, intravenous fluids, and bed rest). Methods: We conducted a prospective study of all patients with subcortical strokes identified based on their clinical exam and routine imaging studies. Informed consent was obtained and demographics collected. An NIH stroke scale (NIHSS) was performed daily and whenever symptoms worsened (defined as a motor score increase of at least 1 on the NIHSS). Modified Rankin scales (mRS) were obtained at 90 days. Results: 90 patients were prospectively enrolled. Analysis is shown in the corresponding tables. Thirty eight percent (34/90) of patients deteriorated; 41% of those patients fully recovered back to their admission NIHSS and 32% experienced partial recovery. There were no differences in age, gender, admission NIHSS, or ethnicity between those who deteriorated and those who remained stable. Deteriorating patients were more likely to have received tPA, have a higher discharge NIHSS, and a higher 90 day mRS. Three quarters of the patients had deterioration within 24 hours of symptom onset. Of the deteriorating patients who initially received tPA, all worsened within 24 hours. Patients who deteriorated had a significantly higher incidence of mRS 3-6 compared to patients who remained stable. There were no associations between age, gender, or ethnicity with neurological recovery back to admission NIHSS in those patients who initially deteriorated. Conclusion: This is the first prospective study to characterize the natural history of subcortical stroke fluctuation during hospitalization. Nearly 40% of all subcortical strokes patients deteriorated neurologically, but nearly 40% of those patients who deteriorated returned to their pre-deterioration status. Deterioration was associated with worse functional outcome at 90 days. Our study establishes a natural history template for designing future studies and identifies a subpopulation of patients for which new in-hospital therapies are needed to treat neurological deterioration in subcortical stroke.

scholarly journals One dose of Architecture, taken daily: Building for Mental Health in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rebecca McLaughlan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Institutional Care ◽  
Hospital Design ◽  
Mental Hospitals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

<p>Thousands of New Zealanders were treated in the nation’s mental hospitals in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Existing research has examined this history of institutionalisation from the perspectives of policy, psychiatric medicine and nursing culture, but to date little has been written about the built fabric of this type of institutional care. This dissertation asks what does the architectural approach taken to Seacliff Asylum (1878-84), Kingseat Hospital (1927-40) and Cherry Farm Hospital (1943-71) indicate about official attitudes to mental illness in New Zealand. Architecture was thought to be capable of performing a curative role in the treatment of mental illness; the administrators of New Zealand’s mental hospitals stated this belief publically in various press releases and reports to the government between 1878 and 1957. This dissertation examines Seacliff, Kingseat and Cherry Farm against current thought regarding the treatment of mental illness and against best architectural practice in mental hospital design.   While these three institutions were the jewels in the crown of New Zealand’s mental hospital network, only Kingseat could be considered an exemplary hospital of its time. The compromises that occurred in the construction of Seacliff, Kingseat and Cherry Farm hospitals indicate that meeting the needs of the mentally ill was only one of a number of agendas that were addressed by the officials involved in the design of these institutions. Many of these agendas were peripheral to the delivery of mental health care, such as the political desire for colonial propaganda and professional concerns of marginalisation, and conflicted with the attainment of ideal environments for the treatment of mental illness. The needs of the mentally ill were a low priority for successive New Zealand governments who exhibited a reluctance to spend taxpayer funds on patients who were not considered curable. The architects and medical advisors involved in the design of these facilities did attempt to meet the needs of these patients; however, they were limited by a design and procurement process that elevated political and operational concerns over the curative potential of these hospitals.   This dissertation also examines the role of individuals in the design of these institutions. Architect Robert Lawson was reproached for deficiencies in the curative potential of Seacliff Asylum. Similarly, medical administrator Theodore Gray has received criticism for limiting the development of New Zealand’s wider network of mental hospital care. This dissertation establishes that Lawson and Gray deserve greater recognition for their relative contributions to the architecture created, within New Zealand, for the treatment of mental illness.</p>

Malignant Bowel Obstruction in the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1473-1477
Author(s):  
Eleanor A. Fallon ◽  
Thomas J. Miner
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Malignant Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Anatomic Site ◽  
End Of Life Decisions ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
History Of ◽  
Excellent Care ◽  
Life Therapy ◽  
The Individual

Regardless of the anatomic site of malignant bowel obstruction leading to the need for palliative intervention, decisions must consider the natural history of the disease, the availability and success of nonsurgical treatments, the individual patient’s symptom severity, goals, preferences, quality, and expectancy of life. Therapy for symptoms must remain flexible and individualized because the specific needs of the patient will change as disease progresses. Because strangulation is uncommon, malignant bowel obstruction is usually not a surgical emergency. There is usually time to proceed with deliberate and thoughtful decisions on how best to meet the needs and expectations of the individual patient and family. Providers must be well versed in both surgical and nonsurgical therapeutic options, the natural history of disease, and be active and compassionate providers to foster meaningful ongoing dialogue focused on excellent care even after cure is no longer possible. The palliative triangle not only allows patient, family, and surgeon to effectively utilize the full continuum of care that can be delivered, but also it supports end-of-life decisions when continuity in care matters most. Due to social distancing requirements, the dynamics of communication between patient, family, and surgeon have changed. Zoom, Skype, and FaceTime have become tools in our communication armamentarium

Psychiatric Hospitalization of Adolescents and Successful Mainstream Reentry

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Bloom ◽  
Lou Ross Hopewell
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Mental Hospital ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Revolving Door ◽  
State Mental Hospital ◽  
Biological Parent ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Mental

Eighty-eight adolescent patients of a state mental hospital were followed up 6 months after discharge. Within that period, 43% had been rehospitalized. The major differences between the recidivist and nonrecidivist groups were that, of those who were successful in staying in the mainstream, more returned to school, more had at least one biological parent in the home, fewer had had a significant family member hospitalized, and they had shorter hospitalizations prior to discharge. Type and severity of psychopathology, and personal and demographic variables did not differentiate between the two groups. A natural history of chronic hospitalization is posited and the potential of education to interrupt the rehospitalization “revolving door” is discussed.

How is the moral stance related to the intentional stance and group thinking?

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannes Rakoczy
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Intentional Stance ◽  
Cognitive Capacities ◽  
Shared Intentionality ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group Thinking ◽  
Moral Stance

Abstract The natural history of our moral stance told here in this commentary reveals the close nexus of morality and basic social-cognitive capacities. Big mysteries about morality thus transform into smaller and more manageable ones. Here, I raise questions regarding the conceptual, ontogenetic, and evolutionary relations of the moral stance to the intentional and group stances and to shared intentionality.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document