scholarly journals ARFID: old wine in a new bottle?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Waller
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Existing Problems

SUMMARYIn this commentary, some aspects of the context of this diagnosis are considered. It is suggested that avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is principally a reconfiguration of existing problems. However, it is also stressed that we still need to develop treatments that help patients and their families, given the expectation that has been fuelled by the promotion of the new diagnostic scheme. In developing those therapies, we should not forget that we previously had a number of psychosocial treatment approaches that were helpful for such children when their problems were labelled differently.DECLARATION OF INTERESTNone.

The Oxford Handbook of Mood Disorders

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Unipolar Depression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Premorbid Personality ◽  
Treatment Approaches

Mood disorders are a pressing societal problem, with depression alone now constituting a leading cause of disability in Western Europe and the United States. In the most comprehensive volume of its kind, the Oxford Handbook of Mood Disorders provides detailed coverage of the characterization, understanding, and treatment of mood disorders. Chapters are written by the world’s leading experts in their respective areas. The Handbook provides coverage of unipolar depression, bipolar disorder, and variants of these disorders. Current approaches to classifying the mood disorders are reviewed, and contemporary controversies are placed in historical context. Chapter authors offer a variety of approaches to understanding the heterogeneity of the experiences of those who meet criteria for mood disorders, both within and across cultures. The role of genetic and environmental risk factors as well as premorbid personality and cognitive processes in the development of mood pathology are detailed. Interpersonal, neurobiological, and psychological factors also receive detailed consideration. The volume reviews mood disorders in special populations (e.g., postpartum and seasonal mood disorders) as well as common comorbidities (e.g., anxiety, substance use disorders). Somatic and psychosocial treatment approaches receive in-depth coverage with chapters that describe and review empirical evidence regarding each of the most influential treatment approaches. The depth and breadth offered by the Oxford Handbook of Mood Disorders make it an invaluable resource for clinicians and researchers, as well as for scholars and students.

scholarly journals Psychosocial treatment approaches to difficult-to-treat depression

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa F Casey ◽  
Dinali N Perera ◽  
David M Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Treatment Approaches

scholarly journals Psychosocial treatment approaches to difficult‐to‐treat depression

2013 ◽  
Vol 199 (S6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa F Casey ◽  
Dinali N Perera ◽  
David M Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Treatment ◽  
Treatment Approaches

Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder: what do we know so far?

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Coglan ◽  
John Otasowie
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Service Planning ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
List Type ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
Stunted Growth ◽  
Know How ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
New Diagnosis

SUMMARYAvoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) was a new diagnosis in DSM-5 and is due to be included in ICD-11. However, confidence in making the diagnosis seems to be low among clinicians. Furthermore, there is no national consensus on care pathways for ARFID and therefore patients tend to be managed across core child and adolescent mental health services, specialist eating disorder services and paediatric services. If not adequately treated, ARFID can result in stunted growth, nutritional deficiency and impaired psychosocial functioning. Research and guidelines for managing this disorder are scarce, owing to low rates of diagnosis. This article aims to improve clinician confidence in the use of ARFID as a diagnosis and explores current consensus on treatment approaches, in order to progress future service planning for this complex and diverse patient group.LEARNING OBJECTIVES•Gain an improved knowledge of the diagnostic criteria for ARFID•Know how to distinguish ARFID from other eating disorders•Understand the current consensus on treatment approaches for ARFIDDECLARATIONS OF INTERESTNone.

Limits for high-resolution electron microscopy of inorganic materials?

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Resolution Limit ◽  
Contrast Transfer Function ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Electron Microscopes

The era of atomic-resolution electron microscopy has finally arrived. In virtually all inorganic materials, including oxides, metals, semiconductors and ceramics, it is possible to image individual atomic columns in low-index zone-axis projections. A whole host of important materials’ problems involving defects and departures from nonstoichiometry on the atomic scale are waiting to be tackled by the new generation of intermediate voltage (300-400keV) electron microscopes. In this review, some existing problems and limitations associated with imaging inorganic materials are briefly discussed. The more immediate problems encountered with organic and biological materials are considered elsewhere.Microscope resolution. It is less than a decade since the state-of-the-art, commercially available TEM was a 200kV instrument with a spherical aberration coefficient of 1.2mm, and an interpretable resolution limit (ie. first zero crossover of the contrast transfer function) of 2.5A.

Obesity and adiposity: the culprit of dietary protein efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-401
Author(s):  
Carla El-Mallah ◽  
Omar Obeid
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Reduce Sugar ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Limitations And Exceptions

Abstract Obesity and increased body adiposity have been alarmingly increasing over the past decades and have been linked to a rise in food intake. Many dietary restrictive approaches aiming at reducing weight have resulted in contradictory results. Additionally, some policies to reduce sugar or fat intake were not able to decrease the surge of obesity. This suggests that food intake is controlled by a physiological mechanism and that any behavioural change only leads to a short-term success. Several hypotheses have been postulated, and many of them have been rejected due to some limitations and exceptions. The present review aims at presenting a new theory behind the regulation of energy intake, therefore providing an eye-opening field for energy balance and a potential strategy for obesity management.

On visions and promises — ethical aspects of in vitro meat

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 753-758
Author(s):  
Silvia Woll
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Ethical Aspects ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
In Vitro Meat ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Production Conditions

Innovators of in vitro meat (IVM) are convinced that this approach is the solution for problems related to current meat production and consumption, especially regarding animal welfare and environmental issues. However, the production conditions have yet to be fully clarified and there is still a lack of ethical discourses and critical debates on IVM. In consequence, discussion about the ethical justifiability and desirability of IVM remains hypothetical and we have to question those promises. This paper addresses the complex ethical aspects associated with IVM and the questions of whether, and under what conditions, the production of IVM represents an ethically justifiable solution for existing problems, especially in view of animal welfare, the environment, and society. There are particular hopes regarding the benefits that IVM could bring to animal welfare and the environment, but there are also strong doubts about their ethical benefits.

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