The Effect of Lithium Carbonate on the Electroencephalogram of Patients with Affective Disorders

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (527) ◽  
pp. 1185-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Platman ◽  
R. R. Fieve
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Harmonic Mean ◽  
Common Pattern ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Three Phases

This paper examines the degree of electroencephalogram abnormality among the three phases of manic-depressive disease and the changes brought about by lithium carbonate. The earlier investigators (Berger, 1931; Lemere, 1936) reported no abnormalities in the EEGs of manic-depressive patients. Later workers (Davis, 1941; Hurst et al., 1954; Hes, 1960) found prominent changes between the two phases. However, Harding et al. (1966) noted no common pattern in their three cases when analysed for mean abundance, harmonic mean and variability of alpha rhythm.

Postpartum Mania in Bipolar Manic-Depressive Patients Withdrawn from Lithium Carbonate

1979 ◽  
Vol 167 (9) ◽  
pp. 572-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN D. TARGUM ◽  
YOLANDE B. DAVENPORT ◽  
MARIAN J. WEBSTER
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Depressive Patients

Follow-up of 53 Bipolar Manic-Depressive Patients

1974 ◽  
Vol 124 (579) ◽  
pp. 134-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabrielle A. Carlson ◽  
Joel Kotin ◽  
Yolande B. Davenport ◽  
Marvin Adland
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Manic Depressive Illness ◽  
Level Of Functioning ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Depressive Patients

Despite the monumental follow-up studies of patients with manic-depressive illness by Lundquist (1945), Rennie (1942), Hastings (1958), and more recently, Shobe (1971), the development of the concept of unipolar and bipolar forms of affective disorders with clinical (Brodie and Leff, 1971), genetic (Dunner et al., 1970; Winokur et al., 1969), and biologic differences (Buchsbaum et al., 1971; Cohn et al., 1970), has necessitated a revaluation of the question of outcome in this psychiatric illness. The availability of lithium carbonate for both acute and prophylactic treatment of mania (Schou, 1968; Coppen et al., 1971), and possibly depression (Goodwin et al., 1972), has also increased the clinical importance of the unipolar-bipolar distinction. The purpose of this study is to provide further information regarding the course of bipolar manic-depressive illness by reporting the level of functioning, recurrence of episodes, and quality of life at follow-up assessed in a group of patients formerly hospitalized for mania at the National Institutes of Health.

Information processing deficits in relatives of manic depressive patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. PIERSON ◽  
R. JOUVENT ◽  
P. QUINTIN ◽  
F. PEREZ-DIAZ ◽  
M. LEBOYER
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Button Press ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Bipolar Patients ◽  
Depressive Patients

Background. The importance of genetic factors in the aetiology of manic-depressive illness (MDI) has been repeatedly confirmed and indicators of vulnerability to the illness in families with affective disorders are needed. Abnormal event-related potentials (ERP) may be markers of genetic vulnerability to mental illness. Long latency and low amplitude of P300 have consistently been reported in schizophrenic patients and their relatives. A few studies have also shown P300 deficits in MDI patients, but no ERP study has been performed on their relatives.Methods. ERPs were recorded during an auditory oddball task in 19 relatives belonging to families with two or more bipolar patients and in controls with no familial or personal history of affective disorders. The relatives were selected as having no affective disorders on a lifetime basis, but eight had an anxiety disorder.Results. In all relatives, a lower P300 amplitude and a longer P300 latency was found, with much longer reaction time and post-N200 duration till button-press than controls. A lack of P300 amplitude dominance in the right hemisphere was also found in relatives in comparison with controls. There also appeared to be a frontal predominance of ERP abnormalities in relatives.Conclusion. We report the first evidence of deficits in reaction time and in P300 amplitude and latency, and a lack of P300 right-sided dominance, in relatives of manic-depressive patients. This pattern may constitute an endophenotypic marker of manic-depressive disorder.

Effect of lithium carbonate therapy on thyroid immune status in manic depressive patients: A prospective study

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Lazarus ◽  
Alan M. McGregor ◽  
Marion Ludgate ◽  
Chris Darke ◽  
Fionula M. Creagh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Depressive Patients

The Effect of an Altered Time Regime on Biological Rhythms in a 48-hour Periodic Psychosis

1968 ◽  
Vol 114 (507) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Jenner ◽  
J. C. Goodwin ◽  
M. Sheridan ◽  
Ilse J. Tauber ◽  
Mary C. Lobban
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Studies ◽  
Alpha Rhythm ◽  
Biological Rhythms ◽  
Harmonic Mean ◽  
Manic Depressive Psychosis ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Time Regime ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Jenner, Gjessing, Cox, Davies-Jones, Hullin, and Hanna (1967) have presented some biochemical and clinical studies of a patient who showed a remarkably precisely timed manic-depressive psychosis. For the last eleven years the patient has been alternately depressed and lethargic for 24 hours, then elated for 24 hours, and so on almost without fail. Harding, Jeavons, Jenner, Drummond, Sheridan and Howells (1966) published electroencephalographic studies showing the 48-hour rhythm in the patient's electroencephalogram. The harmonic mean, the mean abundance and variability of the alpha rhythm all showed a striking 48-hour cycle. A number of similar patients have been described and are conveniently listed by Menninger-Lerchenthal (1960), Richter (1960), and Bunney and Hartmann (1965). Jenner (1965) made some suggestions about possibly heuristically helpful electronic analogues which might appropriately represent some of the underlying mechanisms of the 48-hour syndromes.

The effects of administering lithium carbonate on the balance of Na, K and water in manic-depressive patients

1976 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brij M. Saran ◽  
Gerald F. M. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Significant Alteration ◽  
Manic Depressive Illness ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Depressive Patients

SynopsisEleven patients in remission from manic-depressive illness were studied by means of metabolic balances before and after the administration of lithium carbonate. Lithium caused a sharp diuresis of isotonic saline and a smaller excretion of potassium over the course of two days. During the subsequent two days there occurred a compensatory retention of Na, K and water. These short-term changes were not associated with any significant alteration in the patients' mood. There was no significant and systematic retention of Na, K or water over the 14 days of Li administration. The recovery of Li was measured simultaneously. During the first week only a proportion of the administered Li was recovered in the urine and faeces, suggesting that a gradual distribution of Li throughout its body space was occurring. After the first week, nearly all the administered Li was recovered, indicating an equilibrium with an even distribution of the ion throughout its body space. This equilibrium was more complete at this early stage in those patients who had been given a smaller dose of lithium carbonate.

Secretion of lithium in human parotid saliva in manic depressive patients treated with lithium carbonate

1973 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Lazarus ◽  
G.S. Fell ◽  
J.W.K. Robertson ◽  
W.T. Millar ◽  
E.H. Bennie
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Parotid Saliva ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Human Parotid Saliva

Lithium Carbonate Prophylaxis Failure

1976 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Dunner ◽  
Joseph L. Fleiss ◽  
Ronald R. Fieve
Keyword(s):  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Early Failures ◽  
Rate Of Failure ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Onset Rate

SummaryData from non-rapid-cycling bipolar (manic-depressive) patients who were receiving long-term treatment with lithium carbonate were analysed by the life table method to determine when lithium carbonate prophylaxis failures occurred. Forty-four of 96 patients failed to keep well in spite of maintenance lithium therapy. The analysis revealed an early, rapid failure rate during the first six months of treatment, which was followed by a slower rate of failure. Several clinical factors were assessed to determine if any of them predicted which patients would experience their initial failure in the early or late interval, but none of these factors, which included age, sex, age of onset, rate of affective attacks, family history, and the nature of the preceding episode, were found to have any predictive value regarding lithium prophylaxis failure. We found, however, that patients who had early failures tended to have a subsequent early failure in spite of continued maintenance with lithium carbonate.

Salivation in affective disorders

1972 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom G. Bolwig ◽  
Ole J. Rafaelsen
Keyword(s):  
Drug Treatment ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Manic Depressive ◽  
Depressive Patients ◽  
Salivary Electrolytes

SynopsisSpontaneous and metacholine-stimulated salivation rates were measured in endogenous depression, symptomatic depression, mania, and healthy controls. In manic-depressive patients concentrations of salivary electrolytes were measured. Salivation rates were decreased in untreated endogenous depression and mania. After remission by ECT but not by drug treatment flow rates increased towards normal values. Estimations of electrolytes revealed no specific pattern of excretion in manic-depressive patients.

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