PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT DESA HUTAN LAHAN BASAH TERHADAP PERUBAHAN FUNGSI CAGAR ALAM MENJADI TAMAN WISATA ALAM

This research aims to analyze the public perceptions to the function change the nature preserve of Pulau Burung becomes the nature tourist park in the Pulau Burung Forest Village. The analysis used in this research is by using a Likert Scale analysis. The research location is housed in the Pulau Burung Village of District Tanah Bumbu. This study uses primary data obtained directly through a questionnaire to the villagers of the District Pulau Burung. Secondary data obtained through the government in the village. The sampling using simple random sampling method, where all members have the same population was selected as a representative sample of the population. To determine the public perception then used the likert scale analysis. The results showed that a high perception of the function change of nature preserve become nature tourist park and it’s management in the Forest Village District of Pulau Burung, seen from three indicators of responses/opinions, knowledge, and attitudes

Adsorption of Chromium (VI) by Cu (I)-MOF in Water: Optimization, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics

To investigate the adsorption behavior of Cu (I)-MOF material for chromium (VI) in water, the parameters of influencing adsorption were optimized and found as follows: the optimal pH was 6 for the adsorption of Cr (VI) by the Cu (I)-MOF, the optimal amount of adsorbent was 0.45 g·L−1, and the adsorption saturation time was within 180 min. Subsequently, the kinetics results were fitted by four models such as pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. Among them, the adsorption of chromium (VI) was more inclined to the pseudo-first-order model (Radj2 = 0.9230). Then, the isotherm data were fitted by Langmuir and Freundlich models. The results indicated that Langmuir isotherm was the excellent match model (Radj2 = 0.9827). It belongs to a monolayer adsorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 95.92 mg·g−1. Subsequently, the thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption were calculated as follows: enthalpy change (ΔHθ) was −8.583 kJ·mol−1, entropy change (ΔSθ) was −8.243 J·mol−1 K−1, and the Gibbs function change (ΔGθ) was less than zero in the temperature range of 288–328 K, indicating that the reaction was spontaneous. Finally, both the spectra of infrared and XPS supported the adsorption mechanism that belonged the ion exchange. The spectra of XRD and SEM images shown that the structure of Cu (I)-MOF remained stable for at least 3 cycles. In conclusion, Cu (I)-MOF material has a high adsorption capacity, good water stability, low cost, and easy to prepare in large quantities in practical application. It will be a promising adsorbent for the removal of Cr (VI) from water.

Aging Aggravates Cachexia in Tumor-Bearing Mice

Background: Cancer is primarily a disease of high age in humans, yet most mouse studies on cancer cachexia are conducted using young adolescent mice. Given that metabolism and muscle function change with age, we hypothesized that aging may affect cachexia progression in mouse models. Methods: We compare tumor and cachexia development in young and old mice of three different strains (C57BL/6J, C57BL/6N, BALB/c) and with two different tumor cell lines (Lewis Lung Cancer, Colon26). Tumor size, body and organ weights, fiber cross-sectional area, circulating cachexia biomarkers, and molecular markers of muscle atrophy and adipose tissue wasting are shown. We correlate inflammatory markers and body weight dependent on age in patients with cancer. Results: We note fundamental differences between mouse strains. Aging aggravates weight loss in LLC-injected C57BL/6J mice, drives it in C57BL/6N mice, and does not influence weight loss in C26-injected BALB/c mice. Glucose tolerance is unchanged in cachectic young and old mice. The stress marker GDF15 is elevated in cachectic BALB/c mice independent of age and increased in old C57BL/6N and J mice. Inflammatory markers correlate significantly with weight loss only in young mice and patients. Conclusions: Aging affects cachexia development and progression in mice in a strain-dependent manner and influences the inflammatory profile in both mice and patients. Age is an important factor to consider for future cachexia studies.

Integral Estimator with Kernel Approach for Estimating Nonparametric Regression Functions

Derivatives are measurements of how a function change as the input value changes, or in general a derivative shows how one quantity changes due to a change in another quantity. The concept of universal or comprehensive function derivatives is widely used in various scientific fields. For example, in economics, people are interested in studying the condition of the derivative of an objective function as the result of an optimization problem. In this study, nonparametric procedures are used to estimate a function where the form of the function does not lead to a particular function model. Suppose we are given a nonparametric regression model where f is an unknown function. The main problem of regression analysis is to determine the form of estimation f. To determine the estimation of f, one approach that can be used is the integral estimator with the Gaussian Kernel approach. Furthermore, as an application, the Labour Force Participation Rate (y) data is used with the predictor variable, namely the Average Length of Schooling (x). By using the GCV (Generalized Cross Validation) method, the optimal bandwidth is obtained at h = 80 with a GCV value of 0.243 with an MSE value of 32.1864.

The Study of Land Conflict of Mining Activities in the Forest Areas in Morowali Regency

This research aims to describe the chronologies of land conflicts of mining activities in the forest (Borrow- to- Use Permit for Forest Area of PT. Mahligai Artha Sejahtera), identify the dominant factors that cause conflict, and provide an overview of conflict resolution efforts. This research was conducted by collecting information from the public, the permit holder, in this case, PT. Mahligai Artha Sejahtera and related parties. This research was a qualitative descriptive method in terms of subject and history study and facts of the field. The data of this research was collected from August to October 2020. Based on the decree of the Minister of Forestry and Plantation No. SK.757 / Kpts-II/ 1999 on September 23, about the designation map of Forest and Territorial Waters in Central Sulawesi Province, the land location of Buleleng communities was an area for other use but in 2013 (No. SK.635 / Menhut-II / 2013 on September 24, 2013) and 2014 (SK.869 / Menhut-II / 2014 on September 29, 2014) turned into Forest Areas. However, PT Mahligai Artha Sejahtera has an approval license, an environmental feasibility license, an Increase Exploration Mining Business to a Production Operation Mining Business License, and a borrow-to-use permit from the local Government and the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. The function change of the areas in Buleleng village has resulted in conflicts. It is necessary to resolve land disputes by revising the RTRWP/K and establishing forests. Keywords: Conflict, the Function Change of Areas, Land Conflict, Mining Activities, Forest Areas.

BILINGUAL EFFECT IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXECUTIVE FUNCTION

The article presents the results of a theoretical review, the purpose of which is to highlight the problem of the influence of bilingualism on the development of executive function change in modern research. The analysis of this problem points to the differentiated contribution of bilingualism to the functioning of such cognitive processes as inhibition, working memory and shifting. The problem is that the established term "bilingual advantage", describing the influence of bilingualism on the development of mental structures, is not correct, since the authors note both positive and negative consequences of bilingualism reflected in child development. As a result, researchers have adopted the concept of "bilingual effect", which allows for various options for the impact of bilingualism on the development of cognitive structures. This article urges to indicate the limitations in modern studies of bilinguals, is aimed at finding prospects for further study of this problem.

1532 Strict Trifecta Outcomes of Robotic-Assisted Partial Nephrectomy inT1a and T1b Renal Tumours

Aim To evaluate and compare strict Trifecta outcomes of robotic assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) in patients with T1a and T1b renal tumours. Method A retrospective analysis of 146 consecutive patients undergoing a robotic assisted partial nephrectomy for T1a and T1b renal tumours from 2014-2019. Patient demographics, tumour characteristics, strict trifecta measures including warm ischaemia time, minimal renal function change (≤15% postoperative eGFR decrease), complications, and surgical margin positivity were collected, as well as intra-operative and oncological outcomes. Results In total 146 patients underwent RAPN. 113 patients had T1a tumours, 30 had T1b with a mean tumour size of 2.5cm (0.8-3.9cm) and 4.5cm (4.1-7cm) respectively, and 3 patients had T2a tumours. The nephrometry score was higher in stage T1b patients, however all other variables were similar between the two stage groups. Overall strict Trifecta was 75.5% with 77.9% in T1a group compared to 66.7% in T1b group (p = 0.21). Postoperative renal function was preserved in 102 patients in T1a vs 26 patients in T1b. Approximately 9 patients with T1a had positive surgical margin compared to 3 patients in T1b cohort. Post-operatively 3 patients in T1b (10%) group developed a Clavien Dindo score of 3 complications, compared to none in the T1a group (p 0.009). These were due to pseudoaneurysm and bleeding. No statistical difference in Fuhrman score and tumour types in the two groups. No cancer recurrences were observed during the 30 months follow up period in both T1a and T1b groups. Conclusions RAPN is a feasible treatment choice in selected T1b renal tumours.