Outcome of psychosis in people of African–Caribbean family origin

1999 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glynn Harrison ◽  
Shazad Amin ◽  
Swaran P. Singh ◽  
Tim Croudace ◽  
Peter Jones
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Good Prognosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
The Uk ◽  
First And Second Generation

BackgroundAn increased incidence of psychotic disorders has repeatedly been reported among African–Caribbeans in the UK.AimsTo test whether the increased incidence of psychotic disorders in first-and second-generation African–Caribbeans in the UK could be caused by a relative excess of affective-related psychoses with good prognosis.MethodThirty-three patients of African–Caribbean family origin identified in a population-based study of first-episode psychoses were compared with the remaining cases. Three-year outcomes and patterns of course were compared.ResultsThere was a trend for better outcomes in African–Caribbean patients for symptoms and social disability, but patterns of course were similar (odds ratio=0.9 (–0.50 to –2.00)). Pattern of course improved after adjustment for confounding by gender, social class, age, diagnosis and duration of untreated illness (odds ratio=0.59 (–0.21 to –1.66)). Diagnostic profiles were similar, with no evidence of greater diagnostic instability in the African–Caribbean group.ConclusionPattern of course of psychosis did not differ significantly by ethnic family background. An excess of good-prognosis affective psychoses is an unlikely explanation for increased rates of psychosis in African–Caribbeans.

scholarly journals Perceptions of disadvantage, ethnicity and psychosis

2008 ◽  
Vol 192 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Cooper ◽  
Craig Morgan ◽  
Majella Byrne ◽  
Paola Dazzan ◽  
Kevin Morgan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Black People ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Black African ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Control Study

BackgroundPeople from Black ethnic groups (African-Caribbean and Black African) are more prone to develop psychosis in Western countries. This excess might be explained by perceptions of disadvantage.AimsTo investigate whether the higher incidence of psychosis in Black people is mediated by perceptions of disadvantage.MethodA population-based incidence and case-control study of first-episode psychosis (Aetiology and Ethnicity in Schizophrenia and Other Psychoses (ÆSOP)). A total of 482 participants answered questions about perceived disadvantage.ResultsBlack ethnic groups had a higher incidence of psychosis (OR=4.7, 95% CI 3.1–7.2). After controlling for religious affiliation, social class and unemployment, the association of ethnicity with psychosis was attenuated (OR=3.0, 95% CI 1.6–5.4) by perceptions of disadvantage. Participants in the Black non-psychosis group often attributed their disadvantage to racism, whereas Black people in the psychosis group attributed it to their own situation.ConclusionsPerceived disadvantage is partly associated with the excess of psychosis among Black people living in the UK. This may have implications for primary prevention.

scholarly journals Imaging protocol, feasibility and reproducibility of cardiovascular phenotyping in a large tri-ethnic population-based study of older people: the Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Al Saikhan ◽  
Muath Alobaida ◽  
Anish Bhuva ◽  
Nish Chaturvedi ◽  
John Heasman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Ethnic Population ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Imaging Protocol ◽  
African Caribbean ◽  
The Uk

Background: People of South Asian and African Caribbean ethnicities living in UK have a high risk of cardiometabolic disease. Limited data exist regarding detailed cardiometabolic phenotyping in this population. Methods enabling this are widely available, but the practical aspects of undertaking such studies in large and diverse samples are seldom reported. Methods: The Southall and Brent Revisited (SABRE) study is the UK largest tri-ethnic longitudinal cohort. Over 1400 surviving participants (58-85 y) attended the 2nd study-visit (2008-2011) during which comprehensive cardiovascular phenotyping, including 3D-echocardiography (3D-speckle-tracking (3D-STE)), computed tomography, coronary artery calcium scoring, pulse-wave velocity, central blood pressure, carotid artery ultrasound and retinal imaging were performed. We describe the methods used with the aim of providing a guide to their feasibility and reproducibility in a large tri-ethnic population-based study of older people. Results: Conventional echocardiography and all vascular measurements showed high feasibility (>90% analyzable of clinic-attendees). 3DE and 3D-STE were less feasible in this age group (76% 3DE acquisition feasibility and 38% 3D-STE feasibility of clinic-attendees). Intra- and inter-observer variabilities were excellent for most of conventional and advanced echocardiographic measures. The test-retest reproducibility was good-excellent and fair-good for conventional and advanced echocardiographic measures, respectively, but lower than when re-reading the same images. All vascular measures demonstrated excellent or fair-good reproducibility. Conclusions: Detailed cardiovascular phenotyping is feasible and reproducible in an ethnically diverse population. The data collected will lead to a better understanding of why people of South Asian and African Caribbean ancestry are at elevated risk of cardiometabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Association between Blood Pressure and Serum Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Concentration within the Reference Range: A Population-Based Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 841-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjørn O. Åsvold ◽  
Trine Bjøro ◽  
Tom I. L. Nilsen ◽  
Lars J. Vatten
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Reference Range ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study

Abstract Context: The association between thyroid function and blood pressure is insufficiently studied. Objective: The objective of the investigation was to study the association between TSH within the reference range and blood pressure. Design and Setting: This was a cross-sectional, population-based study. Subjects: A total of 30,728 individuals without previously known thyroid disease were studied. Main Outcome Measures: The main outcome measures were mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure and pulse pressure and odds ratio for hypertension (>140/90 mm Hg or current or previous use of antihypertensive medication), according to categories of TSH. Results: Within the reference range of TSH (0.50–3.5 mU/liter), there was a linear increase in blood pressure with increasing TSH. The average increase in systolic blood pressure was 2.0 mm Hg [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–2.6 mm Hg] per milliunit per liter increase in TSH among men, and 1.8 mm Hg (95% CI 1.4–2.3 mm Hg) in women. The corresponding increase in diastolic blood pressure was 1.6 mm Hg (95% CI 1.2–2.0 mm Hg) in men and 1.1 mm Hg (95% CI 0.8–1.3 mm Hg) in women. Comparing TSH of 3.0–3.5 mU/liter (upper part of the reference) with TSH of 0.50–0.99 mU/liter (lower part of the reference), the odds ratio for hypertension was 1.98 (95% CI 1.56–2.53) in men and 1.23 (95% CI 1.04–1.46) in women. Conclusion: Within the reference range of TSH, we found a linear positive association between TSH and systolic and diastolic blood pressure that may have long-term implications for cardiovascular health.

Self-Reported Vision Impairment and Frailty among Older People with Low Cognitive Performance in Central Africa: EPIDEMCA Population-Based Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Antoine Gbessemehlan ◽  
Gilles Kehoua ◽  
Catherine Helmer ◽  
Cécile Delcourt ◽  
Achille Tchalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
The Impact

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Very little is known about the impact of vision impairment (VI) on physical health in late-life in sub-Saharan Africa populations, whereas many older people experience it. We investigated the association between self-reported VI and frailty in Central African older people with low cognitive performance. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> It was cross-sectional analysis of data from the Epidemiology of Dementia in Central Africa (EPIDEMCA) population-based study. After screening for cognitive impairment, older people with low cognitive performance were selected. Frailty was assessed using the Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index. Participants who met one of the 3 parameters assessed (unintentional weight loss, inability to do 5 chair stands, and low energy level) were considered as pre-frail, and those who met 2 or more parameters were considered as frail. VI was self-reported. Associations were investigated using multinomial logistic regression models. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Out of 2,002 older people enrolled in EPIDEMCA, 775 (38.7%) had low cognitive performance on the screening test. Of them, 514 participants (sex ratio: 0.25) had available data on VI and frailty and were included in the analyses. In total, 360 (70%) self-reported VI. Prevalence of frailty was estimated at 64.9% [95% confidence interval: 60.9%–69.1%] and 23.7% [95% CI: 20.1%–27.4%] for pre-frailty. After full adjustment, self-reported VI was associated with frailty (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2; 95% CI: 1.1–4.3) but not with pre-frailty (adjusted odds ratio = 1.8; 95% CI: 0.9–3.7). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> In Central African older people with low cognitive performance, those who self-reported VI were more likely to experience frailty. Our findings suggest that greater attention should be devoted to VI among this vulnerable population in order to identify early frailty onset and provide adequate care management.

scholarly journals Diagnostic stability in a Dutch psychosis incidence cohort

2004 ◽  
Vol 185 (6) ◽  
pp. 460-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie D. Veen ◽  
Jean-Paul Selten ◽  
Diede Schols ◽  
Winfried Laan ◽  
Hans W. Hoek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Schizophrenic Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic Stability ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Diagnostic Interviews ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundNo study outside the UK has examined the diagnostic stability of psychotic disorders in a population-based sample.AimsTo determine diagnostic stability in a Dutch population-based psychosis incidence cohort, to examine the frequencies of diagnostic shifts to and from schizophrenic disorders and to report the revised relative risks of schizophrenic disorders for immigrants.MethodA 30-month follow-up study assessed the cohort (n=181) by means of face-to-face diagnostic interviews.ResultsDiagnostic stability of schizophrenic disorders was high (91%), but lower for other psychotic disorders. At follow-up, the initial diagnosis was adjusted to schizophrenic disorder more often than that the reverse occurred. Almost half (49%) of the patients who were not initially diagnosed as having a schizophrenic disorder received this diagnosis at follow-up. The relative risks for most immigrant groups were stable.ConclusionsSchizophrenic disorders are underdiagnosed, rather than overdiagnosed, at first presentation.

scholarly journals The haematological features and transfusion management of women who required massive transfusion for major obstetric haemorrhage in the UK: a population based study

2015 ◽  
Vol 172 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Green ◽  
Marian Knight ◽  
Frances Seeney ◽  
Cathy Hopkinson ◽  
Peter W. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Massive Transfusion ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Obstetric Haemorrhage ◽  
The Uk

scholarly journals Comorbidity of Narcolepsy and Psychotic Disorders: A Nationwide Population-Based Study in Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Yin Yeh ◽  
Yu-Chiau Shyu ◽  
Sheng-Yu Lee ◽  
Shin-Sheng Yuan ◽  
Chun-Ju Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Population Based Study

scholarly journals Symptom remission at 12-weeks strongly predicts long-term recovery from the first episode of psychosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1452-1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Dazzan ◽  
Julia M. Lappin ◽  
Margaret Heslin ◽  
Kim Donoghue ◽  
Ben Lomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Recovery ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Symptom Remission ◽  
Symptom Recovery ◽  
The Uk

AbstractBackgroundTo determine the baseline individual characteristics that predicted symptom recovery and functional recovery at 10-years following the first episode of psychosis.MethodsAESOP-10 is a 10-year follow up of an epidemiological, naturalistic population-based cohort of individuals recruited at the time of their first episode of psychosis in two areas in the UK (South East London and Nottingham). Detailed information on demographic, clinical, and social factors was examined to identify which factors predicted symptom and functional remission and recovery over 10-year follow-up. The study included 557 individuals with a first episode psychosis. The main study outcomes were symptom recovery and functional recovery at 10-year follow-up.ResultsAt 10 years, 46.2% (n = 140 of 303) of patients achieved symptom recovery and 40.9% (n = 117) achieved functional recovery. The strongest predictor of symptom recovery at 10 years was symptom remission at 12 weeks (adj OR 4.47; CI 2.60–7.67); followed by a diagnosis of depression with psychotic symptoms (adj OR 2.68; CI 1.02–7.05). Symptom remission at 12 weeks was also a strong predictor of functional recovery at 10 years (adj OR 2.75; CI 1.23–6.11), together with being from Nottingham study centre (adj OR 3.23; CI 1.25–8.30) and having a diagnosis of mania (adj OR 8.17; CI 1.61–41.42).ConclusionsSymptom remission at 12 weeks is an important predictor of both symptom and functional recovery at 10 years, with implications for illness management. The concepts of clinical and functional recovery overlap but should be considered separately.

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