scholarly journals Association between stressful life events and psychotic experiences in adolescence: Evidence for gene–environment correlations

2016 ◽  
Vol 208 (6) ◽  
pp. 532-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sania Shakoor ◽  
Helena M. S. Zavos ◽  
Claire M. A. Haworth ◽  
Phillip McGuire ◽  
Alastair G. Cardno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Model Fitting ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Environmental Risk Factor ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundStressful life events (SLEs) are associated with psychotic experiences. SLEs might act as an environmental risk factor, but may also share a genetic propensity with psychotic experiences.AimsTo estimate the extent to which genetic and environmental factors influence the relationship between SLEs and psychotic experiences.MethodSelf- and parent reports from a community-based twin sample (4830 16-year-old pairs) were analysed using structural equation model fitting.ResultsSLEs correlated with positive psychotic experiences (r = 0.12–0.14, all P<0.001). Modest heritability was shown for psychotic experiences (25–57%) and dependent SLEs (32%). Genetic influences explained the majority of the modest covariation between dependent SLEs and paranoia and cognitive disorganisation (bivariate heritabilities 74–86%). The relationship between SLEs and hallucinations and grandiosity was explained by both genetic and common environmental effects.ConclusionsFurther to dependent SLEs being an environmental risk factor, individuals may have an underlying genetic propensity increasing their risk of dependent SLEs and positive psychotic experiences.

Can Experiencing Stressful Life Events Be a Risk Factor of Stroke?

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 280-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Savadi-Osk ◽  
H. Sadeghi-ba ◽  
L. Mohammadza
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life

The Relationship Between Stressful Life Events and Cognitive Function in HIV-Infected Men

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 436-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole D. Pukay-Martin ◽  
Sarah A. Cristiani ◽  
Radu Saveanu ◽  
Robert A. Bornstein
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Relationship

Psychotic reactions to daily life stress and dopamine function in people with severe hearing impairment

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1665-1674 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Gevonden ◽  
I. Myin-Germeys ◽  
W. van den Brink ◽  
J. van Os ◽  
J. P. Selten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Environmental Risk Factor ◽  
Psychotic Experiences ◽  
Da Release

Background.Minor stresses measured in daily life have repeatedly been associated with increased momentary psychotic experiences, both in individuals with psychotic disorders and in persons who are genetically at an increased risk for these disorders. Severe hearing impairment (SHI) is an environmental risk factor for psychotic disorder, possibly due to the experience of social exclusion. The aim of the current study is to investigate whether people with SHI exhibit higher levels of psychotic reactivity to social stressors in daily life than normal-hearing controls and whether this reactivity is associated with decreased baseline dopamine (DA) D2/3receptor availability and/or elevated DA release following a dexamphetamine challenge.Method.We conducted an experience sampling study in 15 young adults with SHI and 19 matched normal-hearing controls who had previously participated in a single photon emission computed tomography study measuring DA D2/3receptor availability and DA release in response to dexamphetamine.Results.The association between social stress and momentary psychotic experiences in daily life was stronger among SHI participants than among normal-hearing controls. Interactions between social stress and baseline striatal DA D2/3receptor availability or DA release were not significant in multilevel models of momentary psychotic experiences including age, sex and tobacco use.Conclusions.While both elevated striatal DA release and elevated psychotic stress reactivity have been found in the same population defined by an environmental risk factor, SHI, their inter-relationship cannot be established. Further research is warranted to clarify the association between biological and psychological endophenotypes and psychosis risk.

scholarly journals The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire -Dysregulation Profile, Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Behaviors and the Mediating Role of Stressful Life Events

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Caro-Cañizares ◽  
Mónica Díaz de Neira-Hernando ◽  
Bernadette Pfang ◽  
Enrique Baca-Garcia ◽  
Juan J. Carballo
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties Questionnaire ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
Dysregulation Profile ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Regulatory Problems

AbstractNon-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors are self-injurious behaviors inflicted without intending death. Literature has shown the relationship between stressful life events (SLE) and NSSI behaviors. The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Dysregulation Profile (SDQ-DP) is defined as an index of self-regulatory problems, related to higher risk for suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescents. In this study the relationship between SDQ-DP and NSSI behaviors, mediated by SLE in a clinical sample of children and adolescents is analyzed. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 239 subjects (aged from 11 to 17) to test the mediation model. SDQ-DP significantly correlates with NSSI behaviors (Wald = 6.5477, p = .0105); SDQ-DP significantly correlates with SLE (T = 5.7229, p < .001); SLE significantly correlates NSSI behaviors, and the relation remains significant whilst controlling for SDQ-DP (Wald = 4.1715, p = .041); the relation between SDQ-DP and NSSI behaviors stops being significant whilst controlling for the potential mediator (SLE) (Wald = 2.9951, p = .0835). Study of indirect effect supports the mediation model (.0585 CI [.0016, .1266]). Findings are compatible with the complete mediation scenario. These results point out the importance of self-regulatory problems in coping strategies with regards to SLE and the development of NSSI behaviors.

scholarly journals A Genetic Variant in 12q13, a Possible Risk Factor for Bipolar Disorder, Is Associated with Depressive State, Accounting for Stressful Life Events

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. e115135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayu Shimasaki ◽  
Kenji Kondo ◽  
Takeo Saito ◽  
Kosei Esaki ◽  
Yasuyo Otsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Genetic Variant ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Depressive State

scholarly journals Evaluation of coping as a mediator of the relationship between stressful life events and cancer-related distress.

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1147-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale J. Langford ◽  
Bruce Cooper ◽  
Steven Paul ◽  
Janice Humphreys ◽  
Carolyn Keagy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Relationship
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