scholarly journals A preliminary survey on the religious profile of Brazilian psychiatrists and their approach to patients' religiosity in clinical practice

BJPsych Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 346-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecilia Menegatti-Chequini ◽  
Juliane P.B. Gonçalves ◽  
Frederico C. Leão ◽  
Mario F. P. Peres ◽  
Homero Vallada
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Preliminary Survey ◽  
Health It ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Spirituality Training

BackgroundAlthough there is evidence of a relationship between religion/ spirituality and mental health, it remains unclear how Brazilian psychiatrists deal with the religion/spirituality of their patients.AimsTo explore whether Brazilian psychiatrists enquire about religion/spirituality in their practice and whether their own beliefs influence their work.MethodFour hundred and eighty-four Brazilian psychiatrists completed a cross-sectional survey on religion/spirituality and clinical practice.ResultsMost psychiatrists had a religious affiliation (67.4%) but more than half of the 484 participants (55.5%) did not usually enquire about patients' religion/spirituality. The most common reasons for not assessing patients' religion/spirituality were ‘being afraid of exceeding the role of a doctor’ (30.2%) and ‘lack of training’ (22.3%).ConclusionsVery religious/spiritual psychiatrists were the most likely to ask about their patients' religion/spirituality. Training in how to deal with a patient's religiosity might help psychiatrists to develop better patient rapport and may contribute to the patient's quicker recovery.

Evaluation of the need for pharmacogenomics testing among physicians in the West Bank of Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazun Jarrar ◽  
Rami Musleh ◽  
Anas Hamdan ◽  
Mustafa Ghanim
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
West Bank ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Current Clinical Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
The West ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing optimizes pharmacotherapy and reduces interindividual variation in drug responses. However, it is still not implemented in clinical practice in the West Bank of Palestine (WBP). The aim of this study was to determine the need for PGx education and testing among physicians from different specialties in WBP. Methods This study used a cross-sectional survey that was administered to 381 physicians from different cities in WBP. The questionnaire consisted of 27 closed-ended questions that evaluate the exposure and attitude toward PGx education, the role of PGx testing in clinical practice, and the capabilities of physicians in PGx testing. Results It was found that exposure to PGx education is low, with most of the respondents (81.1%) answering that PGx was not an integral part of their medical education. The majority (>90%) of the participants agreed that PGx should be included in the medical school curriculum. It was also found that 58.5% of the participants agreed that PGx testing is relevant to their current clinical practice. In addition, most of the participant physicians (>60%) think that they are currently not capable of prescribing and making decisions for pharmacotherapy based on PGx testing. Conclusions It is concluded that there is a high need for PGx education and implementation in clinical practice in WBP. We recommend adding PGx courses to the curricula of medical schools and going forward with the implementation of PGx testing in clinical practice in WBP.

scholarly journals Differential Impact of Types of Social Support in the Mental Health of Formerly Incarcerated Latino Men

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Muñoz-Laboy ◽  
Nicolette Severson ◽  
Ashley Perry ◽  
Vincent Guilamo-Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Latino Men ◽  
Formerly Incarcerated ◽  
The Impact

The role of social support in the mental health of formerly incarcerated Latino men (FILM) is an issue overlooked in public health prevention efforts. The objectives of this analysis were to (a) describe the levels of social support perceived and received by FILM; (b) identify the associations, if any, between levels of social support and mental health indicators such as depression and anxiety; and (c) explore the impact of familism and hypermasculinity on the receptivity of social support and the potential role of these factors in mediating associations between social support and mental health indicators. To accomplish the objectives, we conducted a cross-sectional survey with FILM ( n = 259), ages 18 to 59, in New York City, and one nominated member of their social network ( n = 130 dyads). In this analysis, we examined four dimensions of social support (instrumental, informational, appraisal, and emotional) from two perspectives: provided (as reported by members of the social networks) and perceived (as reported by FILM). The major outcome variables for this analysis were the presence/absence of major anxiety and depressive symptoms. Our logistic regression analyses suggest that perceived emotional support was inversely associated with both anxiety and depression. Our findings suggest that familism mediated the association between perceived emotional support and anxiety/depression. Therefore, we must consider designing network enhancement interventions that focus on both FILM and their social support systems.

scholarly journals Role of Positive Mental Health in Reducing Fears related to COVID-19 and General Anxiety Disorder in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qaisar Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Malik Muhammad Sohail ◽  
Waheed Ahmad Qureshi ◽  
Rubeena Zakar ◽  
Florian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety

Abstract Background: The outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has posed multiple challenges to healthcare systems. Evidence suggests that mental well-being is badly affected due to compliance with preventative measures in containing the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to explore the role of positive mental health (subjective sense of wellbeing) to cope with fears related to COVID-19 and general anxiety disorder in the Pashtun community in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 501 respondents from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa participating in an online-based study. We performed correlational analysis, hierarchical linear regression and structural equational modeling (SEM) to analyze the role of mental health in reducing fears and general anxiety disorder. Results: The results of the SEM show that positive mental health has direct effects in reducing the fear related to COVID-19 (β=-0.244, p<0.001) and general anxiety (β= -0.210, p<0.001). Fears of COVID-19 has a direct effect on increasing general anxiety (β=0.480). In addition, positive mental health also has an indirect effect (β=-0.117, p<0.001) on general anxiety (R2=0.32, p<0.001) through reducing fear of coronavirus. Conclusion: Based on these findings, there is a need to develop community health policies emphasizing on promotive and preventive mental health strategies for people practicing social/physical distancing.

scholarly journals Religious Affiliation in Relation to Positive Mental Health and Mental Disorders in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3368
Author(s):  
Janhavi Ajit Vaingankar ◽  
Niyanta Choudhary ◽  
Siow Ann Chong ◽  
Fiona Devi Siva Kumar ◽  
Edimansyah Abdin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Composite International Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Positive Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: This study investigated association of religious affiliation with positive mental health (PMH) and mental disorders. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 2270 adults was conducted in Singapore. Participants reported their religious affiliation to Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism, Taoism, or other religions. A PMH instrument measured total PMH and six subcomponents: general coping (GC), emotional support (ES), spirituality (S), interpersonal skills (IS), personal growth and autonomy (PGA), and global affect (GA). Lifetime history of mental disorders was assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: Total PMH (mean ± SD) was 4.56 ± 0.66 for participants with any religion versus 4.12 ± 0.63 (p = 0.002) in those without any religion. After adjustment for all potential confounders, the mean difference in total PMH between these groups was 0.348 (95% CI: 0.248–0.448). Having any religion was significantly associated with higher scores for S, GC, ES, IS, but not with PGA, GA or mental disorders. Compared with individuals without any religion, total PMH and S levels were significantly higher across all religions. Additionally, Christianity was significantly associated with higher ES, Taoism with higher GC, Buddhism and Islam with higher GC, ES and IS, Hinduism with higher IS and Sikhism with higher ES and IS. Conclusion: Our results indicate that religious affiliation is significantly associated with higher PMH, but not with mental disorders in an Asian community setting. In addition, different religions showed unique patterns of association with PMH subcomponents.

Parent and child mental health during COVID-19 in Australia: The role of pet attachment

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Bennetts
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Child Anxiety ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Family Routines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pet Attachment

Restrictions, social isolation, and uncertainty related to the global COVID-19 pandemic have disrupted the ways that parents and children maintain family routines, health, and wellbeing. Companion animals (pets) can be a critical source of comfort during traumatic experiences, although changes to family routines, such as those caused by COVID-19, can also bring about challenges like managing undesirable pet behaviours or pet-human interactions. We aimed to examine the relationship between pet attachment and mental health for both parents and their children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. A total of 1,034 parents living with a child under 18 years and a cat or dog completed an online cross-sectional survey. Path analysis using multivariate linear regression was conducted to examine associations between objective COVID-19 impacts, subjective worry about COVID-19, human-pet attachment, and mental health. After adjusting for core demographic factors, stronger pet-child attachment was associated with greater child anxiety (parent-reported, p&lt;.001). Parent-pet attachment was not associated with self-reported psychological distress (p=.42), however, parents who reported a strong emotional closeness with their pet reported greater psychological distress (p=.002). Findings highlight the role of pets during times of change and uncertainty. It is possible that families are turning to animals as a source of comfort, during a time when traditional social supports are less accessible. Alternatively, strong pet attachment is likely to reflect high levels of empathy, which might increase vulnerability to psychological distress. Longitudinal evidence is required to delineate the mechanisms underpinning pet attachment and mental health.

scholarly journals Religious and Spiritual Beliefs and Practices in Medicine: An Evaluation in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Malaysia

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Yousuf ◽  
ARM Fauzi ◽  
SFU Akter ◽  
SMS Azarisman ◽  
OA Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Role Of Religion

In recent years there has been growing awareness regarding the role of religion and spirituality(R/S) in the practice of clinical medicine. Despite hundreds of articles in professional journals onthe subject, little is known about physician beliefs regarding the influence of religion on health.We aim to assess the beliefs and observations of physicians regarding the role of R/S and patient’shealth and whether they address such issues in their clinical practice. Concomitantly, we aim toassess the beliefs of our patients and whether they like to address such issues. Questionnaire wasbased on a cross sectional survey among hospitalized patients and their treating physicians. Nearlyall patients and physicians reported a high prevalence of religiosity. Patients also acknowledgedthat their R/S was respected by the staff, and that physicians inquired R/S about half of the time.R/S was described as beneficial as it enabled patients to cope better with their illness and gavethem a positive state of mind. Religion is important to many patients and physicians, but half of thephysicians ignore it in their clinical practice. Physicians need to be attentive to patients R/S issuesand address them in specific clinical situations.Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(1): 4-8Key words: Religion; spirituality; medicine; health; beliefsDOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i1.5927

scholarly journals Sensory-Processing Sensitivity and COVID-19 Stress in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Resilience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhei Iimura
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Psychologists worldwide are becoming increasingly concerned about the negative impact of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on adolescents’ mental health. However, compared to studies involving adults, research on adolescents is limited. To further understand adolescents’ mental health during the pandemic, the present study examined whether resilience, as a protective factor, buffers the relationship between the personality trait of environmental sensitivity and COVID-19-related distress. A total of 141 adolescents (53.7% women, Mage = 18.91 years, SDage = 0.82 years) living in urban Japan completed an online cross-sectional survey in October 2020. The results showed that sensitivity was positively, though weakly, correlated with COVID-19 stress and negatively correlated with resilience. Resilience was negatively correlated with COVID-19 stress. Mediation analysis showed that resilience buffered the negative relationship between sensitivity and COVID-19 stress, and its indirect effect was statistically significant, albeit close to zero. These results suggest that higher sensitivity is not necessarily a vulnerability factor, if resilience can be enhanced.

Evaluation of the need for pharmacogenomics testing among physicians in the West Bank of Palestine

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
Yazun Jarrar ◽  
Rami Musleh ◽  
Anas Hamdan ◽  
Mustafa Ghanim
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
West Bank ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Current Clinical Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
The West ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Objectives Pharmacogenomics (PGx) testing optimizes pharmacotherapy and reduces interindividual variation in drug responses. However, it is still not implemented in clinical practice in the West Bank of Palestine (WBP). The aim of this study was to determine the need for PGx education and testing among physicians from different specialties in WBP. Methods This study used a cross-sectional survey that was administered to 381 physicians from different cities in WBP. The questionnaire consisted of 27 closed-ended questions that evaluate the exposure and attitude toward PGx education, the role of PGx testing in clinical practice, and the capabilities of physicians in PGx testing. Results It was found that exposure to PGx education is low, with most of the respondents (81.1%) answering that PGx was not an integral part of their medical education. The majority (>90%) of the participants agreed that PGx should be included in the medical school curriculum. It was also found that 58.5% of the participants agreed that PGx testing is relevant to their current clinical practice. In addition, most of the participant physicians (>60%) think that they are currently not capable of prescribing and making decisions for pharmacotherapy based on PGx testing. Conclusions It is concluded that there is a high need for PGx education and implementation in clinical practice in WBP. We recommend adding PGx courses to the curricula of medical schools and going forward with the implementation of PGx testing in clinical practice in WBP.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document