scholarly journals Veteran and military mental health: the Australian experience

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Forbes ◽  
Olivia Metcalf
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Military Mental Health ◽  
Evidence Based Treatments ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Australian Experience ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

Australia has deployed over 25 000 personnel to recent conflicts in the Middle East and has been involved in peacekeeping missions. Australian veterans report elevated rates of mental health problems such as post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, affective disorders and substance use disorders. Veteran healthcare is delivered through publicly funded services, as well as through private services, at primary, secondary and tertiary levels. Some of the challenges involve coordination of services for veterans transitioning from Defence to Veterans' Affairs, service delivery across a large continent and stigma inhibiting service-seeking. Initiatives have been introduced in screening and delivery of evidence-based treatments. While challenges remain, Australia has come a long way towards an integrated and comprehensive approach to veteran mental healthcare.

scholarly journals Online Mental Health Assessments of COVID-19 Patients in South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Hyun Lee ◽  
Dayoung Lee ◽  
Soyoen Hyun ◽  
Ji Sun Hong ◽  
Chang-Hoon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Patient Health Questionnaire ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Post Traumatic

Experiences of infectious diseases cause stressful and traumatic life events, hence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients could suffer from various mental health problems requiring psychological support services. This study investigates the severity of mental health problems among confirmed COVID-19 patients. From March to November 2020, we collected the data from 118 COVID-19 patients who voluntarily participated in the National Center for Disaster Trauma's online mental health assessment consisting of self-report scales like Primary Care of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder screen (PC-PTSD), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Patient Health Questionnaire-15 (PHQ-15), and P4 Suicidality Screener. For control, 116 other disaster-experienced and 386 non-COVID-19-experienced participants were recruited. The COVID-19 patients showed more severe symptoms including post-traumatic symptoms, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms than control groups across all four screening scales (p < 0.001). Regarding high-risk, COVID-19 patients had an increased association with high-risk compared to the comparison groups (PC-PTSD: OR = 24.16, 95% CI = 13.52–43.16 p < 0.001; PHQ-9: OR = 14.45, 95% CI = 8.29–25.19, p < 0.001; GAD-7: OR=20.71, 95% CI = 10.74–39.96, p < 0.001; PHQ-15: OR = 5.65, 95% CI = 3.44–9.25, p < 0.001; P4: OR = 14.67, 95% CI = 8.95–25.07, p < 0.001). This study's results imply that there is a high-risk of overall mental health problems, especially stronger associations of post-traumatic stress symptoms, in COVID-19 patients. These findings help inform practitioners about the psychological responses to COVID-19 experiences and to prepare appropriate interventions and services for the incremental number of confirmed cases.

scholarly journals Psychological and psychosocial interventions for refugee children resettled in high-income countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fazel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
High Income ◽  
Refugee Children ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
General Mental Health ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Science Methodology

Large numbers of refugee children are arriving in high-income countries. The evidence to date suggests that they have mental health needs that are higher than for the general population and that these are exacerbated by the numbers of traumatic events they have experienced and the post-migration stressors they continue to be exposed to. The importance of a thorough and thoughtful assessment is discussed. Treatments of note are described for post-traumatic stress disorder, family functioning, general mental health problems and school environments. Future opportunities to operationalise outcome measures, develop multimodal interventions and utilise implementation science methodology are considered.

Use of telepsychiatry for the management of mental health problems in migrants

2021 ◽  
pp. 633-642
Author(s):  
Keith Hariman ◽  
Antonio Ventriglio ◽  
Dinesh Bhugra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Treatment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
Psychiatric Intervention ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Refugees And Asylum Seekers

An estimated 3.3% of the global population lives outside their place of birth. This heterogenous group includes not only high-skilled labour and expats, but also refugees and asylum seekers. Research has shown that the prevalence of certain mental illnesses, such as post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, may be higher in migrants than in the general population. However, some migrants might not be able to receive the relevant mental health treatment owing to various social, cultural, and physical barriers. One possible solution is the use of telepsychiatry, defined as the delivery of psychiatric intervention from a distance. This includes real-time videoconferencing, pre-recorded videos, or even decision support systems. This technology has the ability to connect migrants with a clinician who understands their language and culture, thereby improving the patient satisfaction and outcome. The benefits of telepsychiatry, along with the challenges in its implementation, will be discussed in this chapter, as will potential problems related to ethics, regulation, and confidentiality.

scholarly journals Impact of trauma on Palestinian children's mental health: lessons from the Gaza studies

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panos Vostanis
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Internal Displacement ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Children Exposed To Violence

Children exposed to violence are at high risk of developing a range of mental health problems, predominantly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression (Yule, 1999). Children in war zones can be affected not only directly but also indirectly, for example through their basic health needs not being met, the loss of family members, disruption of social networks, internal displacement and their parents’ responses.

scholarly journals Post-traumatic stress reactions in survivors of the 2011 massacre on Utøya Island, Norway

2014 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grete Dyb ◽  
Tine K. Jensen ◽  
Egil Nygaard ◽  
Øivind Ekeberg ◽  
Trond H. Diseths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
General Population ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Traumatic Experience ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic

BackgroundAlthough youths in many countries have been exposed to terrorism, few studies have examined early risk and protective factors for the subsequent development of mental health problems.AimsTo investigate the levels of post-traumatic stress in survivors of the 2011 massacre on Ut⊘ya Island compared with the general population in Norway, and to identify predictive factors.MethodFour hundred and ninety survivors were invited to participate. Structured face-to-face interviews were performed 4–5 months after the attack.ResultsThere were 325 study participants (response rate 66%). Survivors had been highly exposed to danger and loss. Post-traumatic stress levels were more than six times higher in survivors than in the general population. Predictors were female gender, minority ethnic status, high level of trauma exposure, pain, the loss of someone close and social support.ConclusionsSurvivor characteristics that can be assessed in the early aftermath of a terrorist attack strongly predict the subsequent mental health problems of exposed youths. The highly elevated symptoms observed were largely attributable to the traumatic experience and reflect the mental health costs of the terrorist attack.

Adolescent Exposure to Violence and Adult Anxiety, Depression, and PTSD

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-201
Author(s):  
Herbert C. Covey ◽  
Leah McCoy Grubb ◽  
Robert J. Franzese ◽  
Scott Menard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Exposure To Violence ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Parental Violence ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Anxiety Depression ◽  
Adolescent Exposure

The present study investigates how adolescent exposure to violence (AEV), in the form of parental physical abuse, witnessing parental violence, and exposure to violence in the neighborhood, is related to adult anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder, controlling for more general adolescent violent victimization and for self-reports and parent reports of mental health problems in adolescence, on a national household-based probability sample of individuals who were adolescents in the mid-1970s and who were followed through early adulthood in the early 2000s. The results suggest that AEV is associated with mental health problems in adolescence but not, controlling for other variables, in adulthood, but there is continuity in mental health problems associated with AEV from adolescence to adulthood.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Ethical and Legal Relevance to the Criminal Justice System

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Soltis ◽  
Ron Acierno ◽  
Daniel F. Gros ◽  
Matthew Yoder ◽  
Peter W. Tuerk
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Many ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions ◽  
Life Threat ◽  
Traumatic Event Exposure

New coverage of the recent wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and the ensuing public education campaigns by the Department of Veterans Affairs and private veterans advocacy groups combine to call the public's attention to the many potential mental health problems associated with traumatic event exposure. Indeed, since 2001, Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF) combat and peacekeeping missions have been characterized by high levels of exposure to acts of extreme violence, with often gruesome effects. Less publically discussed is the fact that a surprisingly large number of United States civilians also report exposure to traumatic events, such as severe interpersonal violence, natural disasters, and serious automobile accidents. In fact, approximately 70% of randomly sampled respondents indicated that they have experienced an incident characterized by significant perceived life threat at some point during their lives.

scholarly journals The long-term mental health impact of peacekeeping: prevalence and predictors of psychiatric disorder

BJPsych Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Forbes ◽  
Meaghan O'Donnell ◽  
Rachel M. Brand ◽  
Sam Korn ◽  
Mark Creamer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Potentially Traumatic Events ◽  
Military Mental Health ◽  
Health Initiatives ◽  
Australian Community ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

BackgroundThe mental health outcomes of military personnel deployed on peacekeeping missions have been relatively neglected in the military mental health literature.AimsTo assess the mental health impacts of peacekeeping deployments.MethodIn total, 1025 Australian peacekeepers were assessed for current and lifetime psychiatric diagnoses, service history and exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs). A matched Australian community sample was used as a comparator. Univariate and regression analyses were conducted to explore predictors of psychiatric diagnosis.ResultsPeacekeepers had significantly higher 12-month prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (16.8%), major depressive episode (7%), generalised anxiety disorder (4.7%), alcohol misuse (12%), alcohol dependence (11.3%) and suicidal ideation (10.7%) when compared with the civilian comparator. The presence of these psychiatric disorders was most strongly and consistently associated with exposure to PTEs.ConclusionsVeteran peacekeepers had significant levels of psychiatric morbidity. Their needs, alongside those of combat veterans, should be recognised within military mental health initiatives.

scholarly journals Self-reported auditory problems are associated with adverse mental health outcomes and alcohol misuse in the UK Armed Forces

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred N. H. Parker ◽  
Nicola T. Fear ◽  
S. A. M. Stevelink ◽  
L. Rafferty
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Alcohol Misuse ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Hearing Problems

Abstract Purpose Auditory problems, such as hearing loss and tinnitus, have been associated with mental health problems and alcohol misuse in the UK general population and in the US Armed Forces; however, few studies have examined these associations within the UK Armed Forces. The present study examined the association between auditory problems and probable common mental disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder and alcohol misuse. Methods 5474 serving and ex-service personnel from the UK Armed Forces were examined, selected from those who responded to phase two (data collection 2007–09) and phase three (2014–16) of a military cohort study. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between auditory problems at phase two and mental health problems at phase three. Results 9.7% of participants reported ever experiencing hearing problems alone, 7.9% reported tinnitus within the last month alone, and 7.8% reported hearing problems with tinnitus. After adjustment, hearing problems with tinnitus at phase two was associated with increased odds of probable common mental disorders (AOR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.09–2.08), post-traumatic stress disorder (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.41–3.76), and alcohol misuse (AOR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.28–2.96) at phase three. Tinnitus alone was associated with probable post-traumatic stress disorder (AOR = 1.80, 95% CI 1.03–3.15); however, hearing problems alone were not associated with any outcomes of interest. Conclusions The association between auditory problems and mental health problems emphasises the importance of the prevention of auditory problems in the Armed Forces: through enhanced audiometric screening, improved hearing protection equipment, and greater levels of utilisation of such equipment.

scholarly journals Literature Review: Quarantine and Lockdown During Covid19 Outbreak Impact on Mental Health Problem

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1si) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Dea Rosa Gracia ◽  
Erica Rosa Rubetta
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Social Interventions ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Government

Introduction: COVID-19 is a unique disease that was first confirmed in Wuhan, Wubei, China in late 2019 and within 6 months the virus spread rapidly throughout the world. The obscurity in overcoming this virus is the background of the interventions applied. Several interventions conducted, such as nationwide lockdowns, quarantine and isolation. In addition to avoid the virus transmission, these interventions also have psychological impacts that affect the mental health. Methods: We did a review of the mental health outcomes referring to several interventions amid COVID-19 outbreak using two databases. Out of 302 papers found by the search engine, 5 articles were counted in this review. Discussion: Most reviewed researches proclaimed adverse mental health problems, along with anxiety, stress, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Stressors consist of infection fears, grieves, boredom, stigma, faulty information, short sleep duration, and minimum social activities. Several researchers have proposed abiding effects. Conclusion: Social interventions which are imposed limit the process of meeting the needs of human life. It is crucial to point out the mental health of the population and take charge to diminish its adverse effects for the time being. Therefore, the Government needs to implement a strict and fair policy, especially on the issue of community survival. Public health protocol socialization needs to be done, especially in controlling the transmission of viruses in public places, such as malls, public transportations, schools, workplaces, and many other.

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