Breast self examination training and counseling as motivation strategies for breast awareness and participation in breast cancer screening programs

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1027-1027
Author(s):  
A. Artmann ◽  
M. Heyne ◽  
M. Kiechle ◽  
N. Harbeck
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Gynecologic Cancer ◽  
Cancer Worry ◽  
Breast Cancer Family ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Breast Awareness ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Breast Cancer Family History

1027 Background: In Germany, the particpation rate in gynecologic cancer and the Bavarian breast cancer screening program is only about 30%. Therefore, the impact of counseling and raising confidence in breast self examination (BSE) by a structured BSE training on breast awareness, acceptance of screening offer, and participation rate was evaluated. For evaluation of the training quality, specified MammaCare data sheets and questionnaires were used. Method: Since 2003, 167 women (mean age 35 y; range 19–65 y; 61% ≥40 y) got intensive breast cancer counceling and were professionally trained in MammaCare BSE; 41% had positive breast cancer family history. In their beginner’s course, trainees got general BSE information, covering breast anatomy, breast symptoms, breast cancer screening and therapy. Participants practised BSE, after training on tactually accurate silicone breast models with simulated lumps in order to discriminate normal nodularity from lumps. After 3 months, the supervision sessions included BSE evaluation and - again - professional instruction. In a model exam false positive and negative findings were documented. In breast exams, performance technique and breast tissue coverage were assessed. At both initial sessions and after 12 months, questionnaires on BSE practice, experience, and compliance, cancer worry, acceptance and participation at cancer screening programs were evaluated. Results: Breast cancer worry, anxiety, and lack of information were the main reasons for program participation. Within 3 months after the base course, mean decrease of breast cancer worry was about 95%. Participation in gynecologic and breast cancer screening (≥40 y) more than doubled (94% and 86%). Even after 12 months, these numbers remain consistent. 80% of participants practice BSE monthly, and 46% reported changes in lifestyle regarding nutrition and obesity. Conclusions: Our approach emphasizes importance of self confidence and awareness for participation in cancer screening, also in women with breast cancer family history. Counseling, BSE re-evaluation and reinforcement are correlated with decreased breast cancer worry, a main barrier against participation in breast and gynecologic cancer screening. [Table: see text]

Breast disease

2014 ◽  
pp. 687-700
Author(s):  
Chantal Simon ◽  
Hazel Everitt ◽  
Françoise van Dorp ◽  
Matt Burkes
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Benign Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Disease ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Breast Awareness ◽  
Self Examination

Breast symptoms Benign breast disease Breast cancer screening Breast cancer Breast awareness means knowing what your breasts look and feel like normally. Evidence suggests that there is no need to follow a specific or detailed routine such as breast self-examination, but you should be aware of any changes in your breasts....

scholarly journals Psychological predictors of intention and avoidance of attending organized mammography screening in Norway: applying the Extended Parallel Process Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ivanova ◽  
Ingela Lundin Kvalem
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Mammography Screening ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Parallel Process ◽  
Extended Parallel Process Model ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Response Efficacy

Abstract Background Mammography screening is the main method for early detection of breast cancer in Norway. Few studies have focused on psychological determinants of both attendance and non-attendance of publicly available mammography screening programs. The aim of the current study, guided by the Extended Parallel Process Model, was to examine how psychological factors influence defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening and intention to attend mammography. Methods Cross-sectional survey data from a community sample of women living in Norway aged ≥ 18 (N = 270), and without a history of breast cancer, was collected from September 2018 to June 2019 and used to investigate the relationships between the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) constructs and two outcomes: defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening and intention to attend mammography within the next two years. After adjusting for confounding factors, the hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses was conducted to assess the ability of the independent variables based on the EPPM to predict the two outcome variables. Significance level was chosen at p < 0.05. Results Multivariate analyses showed that defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening was predicted by lower perceived susceptibility to breast cancer (β =  − 0.22, p = 0.001), lower response efficacy of mammography screening (β =  − 0.33, p = 0.001), higher breast cancer fear (β = 0.15, p = 0.014), and checking breasts for lumps (β =  − 0.23, p = 0.001). Intention to attend mammography within the next two years was predicted by higher response efficacy of mammography screening (β = 0.13, p = 0.032), having a lower educational level (β =  − 0.10, p = 0.041), and regular previous mammography attendance compared to never attending (β = 0.49, p = 0.001). Conclusions The study revealed that defensive avoidance of breast cancer screening and intention to attend mammography were not predicted by the same pattern of psychological factors. Our findings suggest future health promotion campaigns need to focus not only on the psychological factors that encourage women’s decision to attend the screening, but also to counter factors that contribute to women’s decision to avoid it.

scholarly journals A limited review of over diagnosis methods and long-term effects in breast cancer screening

2011 ◽  
pp. 143-147
Author(s):  
Dongfeng Wu ◽  
Adriana Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Probability Modeling

Breast cancer screening programs have been effective in detecting tumors prior to symptoms. Recently, there has been concern over the issue of over-diagnosis, that is, diagnosis of a breast cancer that does not manifest prior to death. Estimates for over-diagnosis vary, ranging from 7 to 52%. This variability may be due partially to issues associated with bias and/or incorrect inferences associated with the lack of probability modeling. A critical issue is how to evaluate the long-term effects due to continued screening. Participants in a periodic screening program can be classified into four mutually exclusive groups depending on whether individuals are diagnosed and whether their symptoms appear prior to death: True-earlydetection; No-early-detection; Over-diagnosis; and Not-sonecessary. All initially superficially healthy people will eventually fall into one of these four categories. This manuscript reviews the major methodologies associated with the over-diagnosis and long-term effects of breast cancer screening.

Access to Breast Cancer Screening Programs for Women with Disabilities

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1609-1619
Author(s):  
Renée Proulx ◽  
Céline Mercier ◽  
Fanny Lemétayer ◽  
Sylvie Jutras ◽  
Diane Major
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Women With Disabilities ◽  
Screening Programs

scholarly journals Developing a Breast Cancer Screening Program in Nigeria: Evaluating Current Practices, Perceptions, and Possible Barriers

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olalekan Olasehinde ◽  
Carla Boutin-Foster ◽  
Olusegun I. Alatise ◽  
Adewale O. Adisa ◽  
Oladejo O. Lawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose In low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, women present with advanced breast cancer at an earlier age. Given the limited resources, development of screening programs that parallel resource capabilities of low- and middle-income countries is imperative. The objective of this study was to evaluate the perceptions, practices, and barriers regarding clinical breast examination (CBE) screening in a low-income community in Nigeria. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional survey of women age 40 years or older in Ife, Nigeria, using multistaged sampling was performed. Information on sociodemographics, knowledge of breast cancer, screening practices, and willingness to participate in CBE screening was obtained using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Results A total of 1,169 women whose ages ranged from 40 to 86 years (mean age, 47.7 years; standard deviation, 8.79 years) were interviewed. The majority of women (94%) knew about breast cancer, whereas 27.5% knew someone who had had breast cancer, the majority of whom (64.5%) had died of the disease. Of the 36% of women who had breast screening recommended to them, only 19.7% had an actual CBE. Of these, only 6% had it in the last year. The majority of women (65.4%) were willing to have regular CBEs and did not care about the sex of the examiner in most instances. Lack of perceived need was the reason cited by women unwilling to participate. Conclusion The majority of women were aware of breast cancer and knew it as a fatal disease. With the relatively encouraging number of those willing to be examined, a carefully designed CBE program coupled with advocacy to correct uneducated beliefs seems promising.

scholarly journals Relationship between Cancer Worry and Stages of Adoption for Breast Cancer Screening among Korean Women

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e0132351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunji Choi ◽  
Yoon Young Lee ◽  
Hyo Joong Yoon ◽  
Sangeun Lee ◽  
Mina Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Korean Women ◽  
Cancer Worry
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