mTOR inhibition affects primary liver cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 14106-14106 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rizell ◽  
C. Cahlin ◽  
M. Olausson ◽  
L. Hafstrom ◽  
M. Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Mtor Inhibitor ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Liver Tumours ◽  
Mtor Inhibition ◽  
Underlying Liver Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Liver

14106 Background: Due to extent of tumour and underlying liver disease primary liver cancer, hepatocellular(HCC) as well as cholangiocellular(CCC), has extremely poor prognosis. The tyrosinekinase and mTOR inhibitor sirolimus, is registered for preventing allograft rejection. It retard experimental liver tumours in rats, and has antiangiogenic effects as well. Methods: Patients with a nonoperable HCC or CCC, with a Karnofsky >70, and the diagnosis confirmed by biopsy or alfa-fetoprotein (>700ug/ml) were eligible. Ethic committee approved the study and informed consent was signed. The daily Sirolimus dose was adjusted to a 6–10 μg/L through-concentration.Twenty patients were to be enrolled in a nonrandomized study. The primary endpoint was to detect a radiological tumor response rate, defined by RECIST criteria, and secondary endpoint was to study the safety profile. CT or MRI were repeated every third month. The study was approved by the Etic Committee of Göteborg University. Results: Eleven patients with HCC and nine with CCC were included. Overall respone rate was 5%, which ocurred in a patient patient with HCC. The PR lasted for 15 months (RR 9% for HCC). Four patients with HCC had SD for median 7 months (range 5–18). Of the patients with CCC four had SD. Median duration of SD was 4 months (range 1 - 7). Median survival for patients with HCC was 7 months (range 2–20) and CCC 4 months (range 2–24) Discussion: There is low evidence supporting the use of chemotherapy for primary liver cancer. For HCC, one PR and 4 SD in this pilot study indicate that sirolimus might be of interest to study in a phase II trial, since the toxicity of sirolimus was low. In the european SILVER study,the impact of sirolimus for patients transplanted for HCC will be clarified. Experimentally, the antiangiogenetic effects of sirolimus has been boosted by combining with 5-FU and gemcitabine. This might translate to impoved response rate also for liver cancer. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that sirolimus have a tumour effect in patients with HCC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Improving Understanding about Social Influences on Food Choices in College Students: A Pilot Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey H. Basch ◽  
Michele Grodner ◽  
Lindsay Prewitt
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Healthy Choice ◽  
Health Course ◽  
The Impact

<p>The impact of social influences on food choices in college settings is of great importance because students are vulnerable to new forming identities at this time. The purpose of this pilot study is to determine the degree to which social influences impact food choices in a sample of college students. A 22-item survey instrument was created to determine the extent to which students have experienced being influenced by others when making food related purchasing decisions. A total of 257 out of a 323 students invited (80% response rate) in 11 sections of a personal health course responded to the survey. The overwhelming majority of respondents were reportedly comfortable ordering whatever they wanted when in the presence of their friends (n=249; 97%). Students were more likely to feel pressure to make a healthy choice than an unhealthy choice if everyone else was (45.1% vs. 31.5%), but fewer felt this way when asked specifically if their friends were ordering (28.4% vs. 21%). Social influences surrounding food choices are a topic that has gained momentum recently, however more research needs to be conducted to determine the reasons why social influences affect certain college students especially in comparing healthy versus unhealthy food choices.</p>

scholarly journals The Role of Diagnosis and Treatment of Underlying Liver Disease for the Prognosis of Primary Liver Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 107327481772924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok Shiani ◽  
Shreya Narayanan ◽  
Luis Pena ◽  
Mark Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Underlying Liver Disease

scholarly journals Recreating Tumour Complexity in a Dish: Organoid Models to Study Liver Cancer Cells and their Extracellular Environment

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
van Tienderen ◽  
Groot Koerkamp ◽  
IJzermans ◽  
van der Laan ◽  
Verstegen
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Tumour Microenvironment ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Liver Tumours ◽  
Extracellular Environment

Primary liver cancer, consisting predominantly of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), remains one of the most lethal malignancies worldwide. This high malignancy is related to the complex and dynamic interactions between tumour cells, stromal cells and the extracellular environment. Novel in vitro models that can recapitulate the tumour are essential in increasing our understanding of liver cancer. Herein, primary liver cancer-derived organoids have opened up new avenues due to their patient-specificity, self-organizing ability and potential recapitulation of many of the tumour properties. Organoids are solely of epithelial origin, but incorporation into co-culture models can enable the investigation of the cellular component of the tumour microenvironment. However, the extracellular component also plays a vital role in cancer progression and representation is lacking within current in vitro models. In this review, organoid technology is discussed in the context of liver cancer models through comparisons to other cell culture systems. In addition, the role of the tumour extracellular environment in primary liver cancer will be highlighted with an emphasis on its importance in in vitro modelling. Converging novel organoid-based models with models incorporating the native tumour microenvironment could lead to experimental models that can better recapitulate liver tumours in vivo.

scholarly journals Comparison of the cost of illness of primary liver cancer between Japan and Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghui Wu ◽  
Kunichika Matsumoto ◽  
Ya-Mei Chen ◽  
Yu-Chi Tung ◽  
Tzu-Ying Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Cost Of Illness ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Contribution Ratio ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Mortality Cost ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Foreign Exchange Volatility ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Primary liver cancer (PLC) is the fifth and second leading cause of death in Japan and Taiwan, respectively. The aim of this study was to compare the economic burden of PLC between the two countries using the cost of illness (COI) method and identify the key factors causing the different trends in the economic burdens of PLC. Materials and methods We calculated the COI every 3 years using governmental statistics of both countries (1996–2014 data for Japan and 2002–2014 data for Taiwan). The COI was calculated by summing the direct costs, morbidity costs, and mortality costs. We compared the COIs of PLC in both countries at the USD-based cost. The average exchange rate during the targeted years was used to remove the impact of foreign exchange volatility. Results From 1996 to 2014, the COI exhibited downward and upward trends in Japan and Taiwan, respectively. In Japan, the COI in 2014 was 0.70 times the value in 1996, and in Taiwan, the COI in 2014 was 1.16 times greater than that in 1996. The mortality cost was the greatest contributor in both countries and had the largest contribution ratio to the COI increase in Japan. However, the direct cost in Taiwan had the largest contribution ratio to the COI decrease. Conclusions To date, the COI of PLC in Japan has continuously decreased, whereas that in Taiwan has increased. Previous health policies and technological developments are thought to have accelerated the COI decrease in Japan and are expected to change the trend of COI of PLC, even in Taiwan.

Somatic changes in primary liver cancer in Russia: A pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 755 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Kalinina ◽  
Agnès Marchio ◽  
Aleksandr I. Urbanskii ◽  
Aleksandra B. Tarkova ◽  
Khadija Rebbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer

A pilot study of external beam radiotherapy for unresectable primary liver cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (14_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4220-4220
Author(s):  
J. Furuse ◽  
H. Ishii ◽  
M. Kawashima ◽  
M. Nagase ◽  
T. Ogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
External Beam Radiotherapy ◽  
External Beam

scholarly journals Hepatobiliary phenotypes of adults with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2020-323729
Author(s):  
Malin Fromme ◽  
Carolin V Schneider ◽  
Vitor Pereira ◽  
Karim Hamesch ◽  
Monica Pons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Liver Tumours ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Deficiency ◽  
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin

ObjectiveAlpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a common, potentially lethal inborn disorder caused by mutations in alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT). Homozygosity for the ‘Pi*Z’ variant of AAT (Pi*ZZ genotype) causes lung and liver disease, whereas heterozygous ‘Pi*Z’ carriage (Pi*MZ genotype) predisposes to gallstones and liver fibrosis. The clinical significance of the more common ‘Pi*S’ variant remains largely undefined and no robust data exist on the prevalence of liver tumours in AATD.DesignBaseline phenotypes of AATD individuals and non-carriers were analysed in 482 380 participants in the UK Biobank. 1104 participants of a multinational cohort (586 Pi*ZZ, 239 Pi*SZ, 279 non-carriers) underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment. Associations were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes and alcohol consumption.ResultsAmong UK Biobank participants, Pi*ZZ individuals displayed the highest liver enzyme values, the highest occurrence of liver fibrosis/cirrhosis (adjusted OR (aOR)=21.7 (8.8–53.7)) and primary liver cancer (aOR=44.5 (10.8–183.6)). Subjects with Pi*MZ genotype had slightly elevated liver enzymes and moderately increased odds for liver fibrosis/cirrhosis (aOR=1.7 (1.2–2.2)) and cholelithiasis (aOR=1.3 (1.2–1.4)). Individuals with homozygous Pi*S mutation (Pi*SS genotype) harboured minimally elevated alanine aminotransferase values, but no other hepatobiliary abnormalities. Pi*SZ participants displayed higher liver enzymes, more frequent liver fibrosis/cirrhosis (aOR=3.1 (1.1–8.2)) and primary liver cancer (aOR=6.6 (1.6–26.9)). The higher fibrosis burden was confirmed in a multinational cohort. Male sex, age ≥50 years, obesity and the presence of diabetes were associated with significant liver fibrosis.ConclusionOur study defines the hepatobiliary phenotype of individuals with the most relevant AATD genotypes including their predisposition to liver tumours, thereby allowing evidence-based advice and individualised hepatological surveillance.

A pilot study of external beam radiotherapy for unresectable primary liver cancer

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (14_suppl) ◽  
pp. 4220-4220
Author(s):  
J. Furuse ◽  
H. Ishii ◽  
M. Kawashima ◽  
M. Nagase ◽  
T. Ogino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Primary Liver Cancer ◽  
External Beam Radiotherapy ◽  
External Beam
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