Integrin genetic variants and stage-specific tumor recurrence in patients with stage II and III colon cancer.
3604 Background: Integrins are key elements in cancer biology regulating tumor growth, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis through interactions of the tumor cells with the microenvironment. Recent evidence showing that integrins are critical in cancer dormancy suggests that their differential expression or activity may be responsible for tumor recurrence. Moving from the hypothesis that integrins could have different effects in stage II and III colon cancer, we tested as a primary endpoint whether a comprehensive panel of germline single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in integrin genes could predict stage-specific time to tumor recurrence (TTR) in stage II and III colon cancer patients. Methods: A total of 234 patients, 105 high-risk stage II and 129 stage III, treated with 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy at the University of Southern California were included in this study. The median follow-up time was 4.4 years. Whole blood samples were analyzed for 22 germline SNPs in integrin genes using PCR-RFLP or direct DNA-sequencing. Results: In the multivariate analysis,stage II colon cancer patients with at least one G allele for ITGB3 rs4642 had higher risk of recurrence (HR=4.027, 95%CI 1.556-10.421, p=0.004). This association was also significant in the combined stage II-III cohort (HR=1.975, HR 95%CI 1.194-3.269, p=0.008). The predominant role of ITGB3 rs4642 in stage II diseases was confirmed using recursive partitioning, showing that ITGB3 rs4642 was the most important factor in stage II diseases. In contrast, in stage III diseases, both ITGB1 rs2298141 (HR=1.909, 95%CI 1.054-3.459, p=0.033) and ITGA4 rs7562325 (HR=0.227, 95%CI 0.064-0.804, p=0.022) were associated with TTR. The latter showed a significant interaction between stages (p=0.048). Conclusions: This study identifies germline polymorphisms in integrin genes as independent stage-specific prognostic markers for stage II and III colon cancer. These data strengthen the role of tumor dormancy in early colon cancer and may help to select subgroups of patients who may benefit from integrin-targeted treatments.