Carcinoid and Neuroendocrine Tumors: Building on Success

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (16) ◽  
pp. 1855-1863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Selection Of

We have come a long way in our understanding and treatment of neuroendocrine tumors since the term “karzinoide” was coined in 1907. Neuroendocrine tumors are a group of biologically and clinically heterogeneous neoplasms that most commonly originate in the lungs, GI tract, and pancreas. The selection of initial and subsequent therapies requires careful consideration of both tumor and treatment characteristics. With recent advances, we now have more tools for the diagnosis and treatment of our patients. This comprehensive review article summarizes recent advances in the field of neuroendocrine tumors and places them into context for best management practices.

Selecting a Pesticide Fate Model at the Watershed Scale Using a Multi-criteria Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renaud Quilbé ◽  
Alain N. Rousseau ◽  
Pierre Lafrance ◽  
Jacinthe Leclerc ◽  
Mohamed Amrani
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Watershed Scale ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Selection Framework ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Numerous models have been developed over the last decades to simulate the fate of pesticides at the watershed scale. Based on a literature review, we inventoried thirty-six models categorized as management, research, screening or multimedia models, each of them having specific strengths and weaknesses. Given this large number of models, it may be difficult for potential users (stakeholders or scientists) to find the most suited one with respect to their needs. To help in this process, this paper proposes a pragmatic approach based on a multi-criteria analysis. Selection criteria are defined following the user's needs and classified in five classes: modelling characteristics, output variables, model applicability, possibilities to simulate best management practices (BMPs) and ease of use. The relative importance of each criterion is quantified by a weight and the total score of a model is calculated by adding the resulting weights of satisfied criteria. This selection framework is illustrated with a case study that consists in selecting a model to develop water quality standards at the watershed scale with respect to the implementation of BMPs. This resulted in the selection of three models: BASINS, SWAT and GIBSI.

Phosphorus dynamics in vegetated buffer strips in cold climates: a review

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen A. Kieta ◽  
Philip N. Owens ◽  
David A. Lobb ◽  
Jason A. Vanrobaeys ◽  
Don N. Flaten
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Cold Climate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Buffer Strips ◽  
Cold Climates ◽  
Best Management

The movement of excess phosphorus (P) into streams, rivers, and lakes poses a significant threat to water quality and the health of aquatic ecosystems and thus, P has been targeted for reduction. In landscapes dominated by agriculture, P is primarily transported through non-point sources, which a number of best management practices aim to target. One such practice is vegetated buffer strips (VBS), which are designed to use dense vegetation above the surface and extensive root systems below the surface to reduce runoff velocity, trap sediments, increase infiltration, and increase plant uptake of nutrients. The effectiveness of VBS in reducing P concentrations has been studied and reviewed, but most studies have been undertaken in warm or temperate climates, where runoff is primarily driven through summer rainfall events and when vegetation is actively growing. In cold climates, the majority of runoff occurs during the snowmelt period, when soils are frozen and vegetation has been flattened by snow and ice over the winter period and is not actively taking up nutrients. These conditions hinder the ability of VBS to work as designed. Additionally, frozen vegetation can release P after undergoing freeze–thaw cycles (FTCs). Thus, this review aimed to (i) summarize research designed to determine the effectiveness of VBS in reducing P transport in cold climates, (ii) collate research on the potential for vegetation to release P after undergoing FTCs, and (iii) identify research gaps to be addressed in determining VBS effectiveness in cold climates. Cold-climate VBS implemented in Canada, the northern United States, and northern Europe have shown P removal efficiencies ranging from −36% to +89%, a range that identifies the uncertainty surrounding the use of VBS in these landscapes. However, there is consensus among researchers globally that vegetation does release P after undergoing FTCs, though P concentrations from different species vary across studies. The design and management of VBS in cold climates requires careful consideration, and VBS may not always be the best management strategy to reduce P transport. Future research should be undertaken at a larger scale in natural systems and focus on VBS design and management strategies.

Evaluation of AnnAGNPS in cold and temperate regions

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Das ◽  
R.P. Rudra ◽  
P.K. Goel ◽  
B. Gharabaghi ◽  
N. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Sediment Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Sediment Component ◽  
Selection Of

Identification of the pollution sources and understanding the processes related to runoff generation and pollution transportation is effective for the water quality management and selection of the Best Management Practices. The ANNualized AGricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) model was applied to a watershed in Southern Ontario to evaluate the hydrology and sediment component from the non-point sources. The model was run for two years (1998 to 1999); one year's data was used to calibrate and the second year's data was used for validation purposes. The model has under predicted runoff amount and over predicted the sediment yield. However, the simulated runoff and sediment yield compared fairly well with the observed data indicating that the model had an acceptable performance in simulation of runoff and sediment. The study is still in progress to assess its performance for estimation of TMDL and improvements needed for the model to use under Ontario conditions.

scholarly journals Current Progress and Future Prospects of Agriculture Technology: Gateway to Sustainable Agriculture

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4883
Author(s):  
Nawab Khan ◽  
Ram L. Ray ◽  
Ghulam Raza Sargani ◽  
Muhammad Ihtisham ◽  
Muhammad Khayyam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Agriculture ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Land Preparation ◽  
Advanced Technologies

The agricultural industry is getting more data-centric and requires precise, more advanced data and technologies than before, despite being familiar with agricultural processes. The agriculture industry is being advanced by various information and advanced communication technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT). The rapid emergence of these advanced technologies has restructured almost all other industries, as well as advanced agriculture, which has shifted the industry from a statistical approach to a quantitative one. This radical change has shaken existing farming techniques and produced the latest prospects in a series of challenges. This comprehensive review article enlightens the potential of the IoT in the advancement of agriculture and the challenges faced when combining these advanced technologies with conventional agricultural systems. A brief analysis of these advanced technologies with sensors is presented in advanced agricultural applications. Numerous sensors that can be implemented for specific agricultural practices require best management practices (e.g., land preparation, irrigation systems, insect, and disease management). This review includes the integration of all suitable techniques, from sowing to harvesting, packaging, transportation, and advanced technologies available for farmers throughout the cropping system. Besides, this review article highlights the utilization of other tools such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for crop monitoring and other beneficiary measures, such as optimizing crop yields. In addition, advanced programs based on the IoT are also discussed. Finally, based on our comprehensive review, we identified advanced prospects regarding the IoT, which are essential tools for sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals Pachysandra Species and Cultivar Susceptibility to the Boxwood Blight Pathogen, Calonectria pseudonaviculata

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. LaMondia
Keyword(s):  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Detached Leaves ◽  
Cultivar Susceptibility ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
Selection Of

This research was conducted to answer grower questions regarding potential differences among Pachysandra species and cultivars in susceptibility to the boxwood blight pathogen, Calonectria pseudonaviculata. Five cultivars of P. terminalis, one cultivar of P. axillaris, and one selection of P. procumbens were evaluated using whole plants and detached leaves. Pachysandra species and cultivars differed somewhat in susceptibility to boxwood blight, with more significant differences observed between species and cultivars using whole plants than with detached leaf assays. All Pachysandra species and cultivars were susceptible to the pathogen and sporulation occurred on lesions; therefore, all of these cultivars may serve as inoculum reservoirs for the boxwood blight pathogen. Best management practices will need to take this into account in landscapes, garden centers, and nurseries to prevent additional spread of the pathogen.

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