scholarly journals Vasectomy and Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality in a Large US Cohort

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (32) ◽  
pp. 3880-3885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Jacobs ◽  
Rebecca L. Anderson ◽  
Victoria L. Stevens ◽  
Christina C. Newton ◽  
Ted Gansler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Prostate Cancer Mortality ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Purpose In a recent large prospective study, vasectomy was associated with modestly higher risk of prostate cancer, especially high-grade and lethal prostate cancer. However, evidence from prospective studies remains limited. Therefore, we assessed the associations of vasectomy with prostate cancer incidence and mortality in a large cohort in the United States. Patients and Methods We examined the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer mortality among 363,726 men in the Cancer Prevention Study II (CPS-II) cohort, of whom 7,451 died as a result of prostate cancer during follow-up from 1982 to 2012. We also examined the association between vasectomy and prostate cancer incidence among 66,542 men in the CPS-II Nutrition Cohort, a subgroup of the CPS-II cohort, of whom 9,133 were diagnosed with prostate cancer during follow-up from 1992 to 2011. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Results In the CPS-II cohort, vasectomy was not associated with prostate cancer mortality (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.93 to 1.10). In the CPS-II Nutrition Cohort, vasectomy was not associated with either overall prostate cancer incidence (HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.08) or high-grade prostate cancer incidence (HR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.07 for cancers with Gleason score ≥ 8). Conclusion Results from these large prospective cohorts do not support associations of vasectomy with either prostate cancer incidence or prostate cancer mortality.

Adverse pathology as a predictor of distant metastasis and prostate cancer mortality with 20-year follow up.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 219-219
Author(s):  
Michael Austin Brooks ◽  
Lewis Thomas ◽  
Cristina Magi-Galluzi ◽  
Jianbo Li ◽  
Michael Crager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Distant Metastasis ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Intermediate Risk ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Prostate Cancer Mortality

219 Background: Adverse pathology (AP) at radical prostatectomy (RP) is often used as a proxy for long-term prostate cancer outcomes. The goal of this study was to assess the association of AP at RP, defined as high-grade (> Grade Group 3) and/or non-organ confined disease (pT3), with distant metastasis and prostate cancer death. Methods: A stratified cohort sample of 428 patients was used to evaluate the association of adverse pathology with the risk of distant metastases and prostate cancer-specific mortality over 20 years after prostatectomy in 2641 patients treated between 1987-2004. Cox regression of cause-specific hazards was used to estimate the absolute risk of both endpoints, with death from other causes treated as a competing risk. Subgroup analysis in patients with low/intermediate risk disease potentially eligible for active surveillance was performed. Results: Among the 428 patients, 343 had AUA Low or Intermediate risk disease and 85 had High risk disease. Median follow-up time was 15.5 years (IQR 14.6–16.6 years). Using the cohort sampling weights for estimation, at RP 29.8% of patients had high-grade disease, 42.3 % had non-organ confined disease, 19.3% had both, and thus 52.8% had AP. Adverse pathology was highly associated with metastasis and prostate cancer mortality in the overall cohort (HR 12.30, 95% CI 5.30-28.55, and 10.03, 95% CI 3.42-29.47, respectively, both p<0.001), and in the low/intermediate risk subgroup potentially eligible for active surveillance (HR 10.48, 95% CI 4.18-26.28, and 8.60, 95% CI 2.40-30.84, respectively, both p≤0.001). Conclusions: Adverse pathology at radical prostatectomy is highly associated with future development of metastasis and prostate cancer mortality and may be used as a short-term predictor of outcomes. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer Mortality in Areas With High and Low Prostate Cancer Incidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. dju007-dju007 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Stattin ◽  
S. Carlsson ◽  
B. Holmstrom ◽  
A. Vickers ◽  
J. Hugosson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Prostate Cancer Mortality

scholarly journals Prostate Cancer Incidence and Mortality Rates and Trends in the United States and Canada

2004 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen McDavid ◽  
Judy Lee ◽  
John P. Fulton ◽  
Jon Tonita ◽  
Trevor D. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
United States ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Prostate-specific antigen and long-term prediction of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the general population.

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 5-5
Author(s):  
David D Orsted ◽  
Borge G. Nordestgaard ◽  
Stig E. Bojesen
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prostate Specific Antigen ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

5 Background: It is largely unknown whether prostate-specific antigen at first date of testing predicts long-term risk of prostate cancer incidence and mortality in the general population. We tested the hypothesis that baseline prostate-specific antigen levels predict long-term risk of prostate cancer incidence and mortality. Methods: Using a prospective study, we examined 4383 20-94 year old men from the Danish general population followed in the Copenhagen City Heart Study from 1981 through 2009. Prostate-specific antigen was measured in plasma samples obtained in 1981-83. Results: During 28 years of follow-up, 170 men developed prostate cancer and 94 died from prostate cancer. Median follow-up was 18 years (range 0.5-28 years). For prostate cancer incidence, the subhazard ratio was 3.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.9-4.6) for a prostate-specific antigen level of 1.01-2.00 ng/ml, 6.8 (4.2-11) for 2.01-3.00 ng/ml, 6.6 (3.4-13) for 3.01-4.00 ng/ml, 16 (10.4-25) for 4.01-10.00 ng/ml, and 57 (32-104) for >10.00 ng/ml versus 0.01-1.00 ng/ml.. For prostate cancer mortality, corresponding subhazard ratios were 2.2 (1.3-3.9), 5.1 (2.8-9.0), 4.2 (1.8-10), 7.0 (3.8-14), and 14 (6.0-32). For men with prostate-specific antigen levels of 0.01-1.00 ng/ml, absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer was 0.6% for age <45 years, 0.7% for 45-49 years, 1.1% for 50-54 years, 1.2% for 55-59 years, 1.3% for 60-64 years, 1.1% for 65-69 years, 1.3% for 70-74 years, and 1.5% for age≥75 years; corresponding values for prostate-specific antigen levels >10.00 ng/ml were 35%, 41%, 63%, 71%, 77%, 69%, 75%, and 88%, respectively. Conclusions: Stepwise increases in prostate-specific antigen at first date of testing predicted a 3-57 fold increased risk of prostate cancer, a 2-16 fold increased risk of prostate cancer mortality, and a 35-88% absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer in those with prostate-specific antigen levels >10.00 ng/ml. Equally important, absolute 10-year risk of prostate cancer in those with levels 0.01-1.00 ng/ml was only 0.6-1.5%.

scholarly journals Gleason grading controversies: what the chemoprevention trials have taught us

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3-S2) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Laurence Klotz ◽  
Darrel Drachenberg ◽  
Yves Fradet ◽  
Fred Saad ◽  
John Trachtenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Radical Prostatectomy ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Prostate Volume ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Gleason Grading ◽  
Chemoprevention Trial

The recent Prostate Chemoprevention Trial (PCPT), which assessed the efficacyof finasteride in reducing prostate cancer incidence, showed promising results.However, patients who developed cancer had higher Gleason scores than thoseon placebo. Moreover, recent evidence has shown that the biopsy Gleason scoresin patients on finasteride were actually more accurate compared with patientson placebo when matched with the final, radical prostatectomy (RP) scores. Thisaccuracy was due to a reduction in prostate volume induced by the drug, andbetter performance of prostate-specific antigen correlation for identifying menwith high-grade cancer. Re-evaluation of the results based on the pathology ofthe RP specimens and longer follow-up showed a 30% reduction in cancerincidence with finasteride and no significant differences in Gleason scorescompared with placebo

scholarly journals Examination of potential novel biochemical factors in relation to prostate cancer incidence and mortality in UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Vol 123 (12) ◽  
pp. 1808-1817
Author(s):  
Aurora Perez-Cornago ◽  
Georgina K. Fensom ◽  
Colm Andrews ◽  
Eleanor L. Watts ◽  
Naomi E. Allen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cancer Death ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Prostate Cancer Incidence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Abstract Background Although prostate cancer is a leading cause of cancer death, its aetiology is not well understood. We aimed to identify novel biochemical factors for prostate cancer incidence and mortality in UK Biobank. Methods A range of cardiovascular, bone, joint, diabetes, renal and liver-related biomarkers were measured in baseline blood samples collected from up to 211,754 men at recruitment and in a subsample 5 years later. Participants were followed-up via linkage to health administrative datasets to identify prostate cancer cases. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using multivariable-adjusted Cox regression corrected for regression dilution bias. Multiple testing was accounted for by using a false discovery rate controlling procedure. Results After an average follow-up of 6.9 years, 5763 prostate cancer cases and 331 prostate cancer deaths were ascertained. Prostate cancer incidence was positively associated with circulating vitamin D, urea and phosphate concentrations and inversely associated with glucose, total protein and aspartate aminotransferase. Phosphate and cystatin-C were the only biomarkers positively and inversely, respectively, associated with risk in analyses excluding the first 4 years of follow-up. There was little evidence of associations with prostate cancer death. Conclusion We found novel associations of several biomarkers with prostate cancer incidence. Future research will examine associations by tumour characteristics.

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