Germline DNA damage repair gene alterations in Chinese prostate patients: More than HRR and MMR.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13041-e13041
Author(s):  
Junlong Wu ◽  
Yu Wei ◽  
Changbin Zhu ◽  
Bo Dai ◽  
Xiaojian Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Excision Repair ◽  
Parp Inhibitors ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Repair Gene ◽  
Germline Variants ◽  
Significant Difference

e13041 Background: Prostate cancer is a worldwide most occurred malignancy in male population. Genetic aberrations of homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway were proved to be associated with aggressive disease and poorer outcome but may also lead cancer cells more vulnerable to PARP inhibitors. Other than HRR, germline variants in mismatch repair (MMR), nucleotide excision repair (NER) were also identified. Thus, it is important to clarify the distribution of germline alterations of DDR pathways in Chinese prostate cancer patients. Methods: Sixty-five prostate cancer patients unselected for family history, stage of disease, or age at diagnosis were collected. DNA from peripheral blood was extracted. Whole-exon was captured and sequenced subsequently using MGI-SEQ 2000 platform. A total of 229 DDR genes were selected for further analysis. Germline variants were determined to be deleterious according to the ACMG 2015 guidelines. Results: Ten of 65 patients (15.38%) had 7 pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline variants involving 5 different genes: FANCD2 (n = 5), BRCA2 (n = 3), CHEK2 (n = 1), ATM (n = 1) and RECQL (n = 1). Nine patients (13.84%) carried variants predicated to be deleterious via in silico predicators. Taken together, deleterious/potential deleterious germline variants were categorized into 5 DDR pathways which were Fanconi Anemia (9.2%), HRR (9.2%), MMR (4.6%), BER (4.6%) and NER (1.5%). Patients with pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline variants had tendency to be early-onset (mean age [range] at diagnosis, 52[43-67] versus 64[37-80] years, P = 0.001). PSA level at initial diagnosis and self-reported family history did not have significant difference between deleterious mutation carriers and non-carriers (P = 0.396 for PSA level, P = 0.753 for family history). Moreover, metastasis and Gleason score were not associated with deleterious germline variants. Conclusions: Our data showed approximately 52% DDR mutation occurred in other DNA repair pathways besides HRR and MMR, which was a unique spectrum of germline variants in Chinese prostate cancer patients. This indicated distinct genetic etiology and potential therapeutic targets of prostate cancer in Chinese population. Moreover, early-onset in patients with deleterious germline variants is an important clinical character. Whole DDR pathway genes’ testing and counseling should be considered for application for young individuals.

scholarly journals Inherited DNA Repair Gene Mutations in Men with Lethal Prostate Cancer

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommi Rantapero ◽  
Tiina Wahlfors ◽  
Anna Kähler ◽  
Christina Hultman ◽  
Johan Lindberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Dna Repair Genes ◽  
Carrier Rate ◽  
Single Nucleotide Variants ◽  
Repair Gene ◽  
Germline Variants ◽  
Dna Repair Gene ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Repair Genes

Germline variants in DNA repair genes are associated with aggressive prostate cancer (PrCa). The aim of this study was to characterize germline variants in DNA repair genes associated with lethal PrCa in Finnish and Swedish populations. Whole-exome sequencing was performed for 122 lethal and 60 unselected PrCa cases. Among the lethal cases, a total of 16 potentially damaging protein-truncating variants in DNA repair genes were identified in 15 men (12.3%). Mutations were found in six genes with CHEK2 (4.1%) and ATM (3.3%) being most frequently mutated. Overall, the carrier rate of truncating variants in DNA repair genes among men with lethal PrCa significantly exceeded the carrier rate of 0% in 60 unselected PrCa cases (p = 0.030), and the prevalence of 1.6% (p < 0.001) and 5.4% (p = 0.040) in Swedish and Finnish population controls from the Exome Aggregation Consortium. No significant difference in carrier rate of potentially damaging nonsynonymous single nucleotide variants between lethal and unselected PrCa cases was observed (p = 0.123). We confirm that DNA repair genes are strongly associated with lethal PrCa in Sweden and Finland and highlight the importance of population-specific assessment of variants contributing to PrCa aggressiveness.

scholarly journals 645P Prediction of BRCA2 mutations in prostate cancer patients according early onset, metastatic phenotypes or family history of breast/ovary cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. S528-S529
Author(s):  
G. Cancel-Tassin ◽  
P. Leon ◽  
V. Bourdon ◽  
B. Buecher ◽  
S. Oudard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Ovary Cancer ◽  
History Of ◽  
Brca2 Mutations

Diagnostic yield of germline genetic testing following tumor testing in prostate cancer patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1591-1591
Author(s):  
Kingshuk Das ◽  
Stephen E Lincoln ◽  
Nhu Ngo ◽  
Daniel Esteban Pineda Alvarez ◽  
Shan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Consecutive Series ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Germline Variants ◽  
Nccn Guidelines ◽  
Germline Testing

1591 Background: NCCN guidelines recommend germline testing for patients with localized or advanced prostate cancer meeting family history or clinical/pathologic criteria. However, the guidelines for somatic molecular analysis generally consider advanced disease only, primarily to inform therapy. As the analytical and clinical specifications of both testing modalities differ accordingly, we examined the results of germline testing following prior somatic testing. Methods: We reviewed somatic and germline variants in an otherwise unselected consecutive series of patients who: (a) had a current or previous diagnosis of prostate cancer; (b) had undergone tumor sequencing; and (c) were referred for germline testing. Indications for germline testing included: potential germline origin of somatic test result, treatment or surgical planning, personal or family history, and patient concern. Results: 208 patients met study criteria of whom 81 (39%) harbored a pathogenic germline variant (PGV) in a cancer predisposition gene. Certain genes were more likely to harbor germline variants, and 98% (81) of PGVs were potentially actionable (Table). 9.6% of PGVs were not reported by somatic testing, reflecting analytical limitations of the somatic testing. Of note, 11 patients (14%) had PGVs identified after diagnosis of a subsequent primary malignancy. Conclusions: The high PGV rate of 39% was unexpected, given reported rates of 11.8% in patients with metastatic prostate cancer and 6% in high-risk localized disease (NCCN)--even considering potential clinician ascertainment bias. This finding, the potential clinical utility of 98% of PGVs identified, the significant proportion unreported by somatic testing, and the fraction of patients diagnosed with a PGV after a subsequent malignancy all suggest that germline testing is an underutilized tool in the care of prostate cancer patients and their families. [Table: see text]

Germline DNA repair gene mutations in Taiwan prostate cancer patients.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e13640-e13640
Author(s):  
Wilson Huang ◽  
Shauh-Der Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Family History ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Gleason Grade ◽  
Repair Gene ◽  
Dna Repair Gene ◽  
Brca1 Brca2

e13640 Background: Genetic testing for inherited mutations in DNA-repair genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, PALP2, FANCA has been proposed for high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer patients for personalized therapy and management. Although the prevalence of germline DNA-repair gene mutations among Caucasian populations are known, the frequency of such mutations in Taiwan prostate cancer patients has not been established. In this study, we performed next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis of BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, PALP2, and FANCA in 49 prostate cancer patients stratified according to the NCCN risk criteria using blood sample collected from a single hospital center. Methods: 4ml whole blood samples are collected in EDTA tube from prostate cancer patients of low-intermediate, high to very high, regional, and metastatic risks. The samples are subjected to buffy coat fractionation, genomic DNA extraction, library preparation, full-exon NGS, and comparative analysis with all known germline variants. We identified and correlated the frequency of germline DNA-repair gene mutations with patient’s age at diagnosis, Gleason grades, initial PSA, family history of prostate cancer, and NCCN risk. Results: A total of 49 blood samples were tested and analyzed for BRCA1, BRCA2, ATM, PALP2, and FANCA mutations. Among all cases, 6.1% (3/49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: - 0.6%-12.8%) carried pathogenic mutations: 2.0% (1/49) in BRCA1, 2.0% (1/49) in BRCA2, and 2.0% (1/49) in ATM. They were compatible with previously reported mutations and no new germline variants were detected. These mutations were associated with initial PSA and NCCN risk; all identified mutations belonged to Gleason grade 5 and high to very high risk subgroups. No clinical association was observed with patient’s age of diagnosis and family history. Conclusions: In this single hospital center study, we observed a modest incidence of DNA-repair gene mutations in the Taiwan prostate cancer cohort. Germline DNA-repair gene mutations were observed in high risk prostate cancer patients with the highest Gleason grade. Frequencies of the mutations did not differ significantly according to age at diagnosis or family history of prostate cancer. These results were similar to the reported findings in the Caucasian populations. Our findings confirmed the necessity of genetic testing in Taiwan prostate cancer patients. [Table: see text]

Family history and pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline variants in prostate cancer patients

The Prostate ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (7) ◽  
pp. 427-432
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Sabol ◽  
Elisa M. Ledet ◽  
Ellen Jaeger ◽  
Whitley Hatton ◽  
Marcus Moses ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Germline Variants

scholarly journals Prevalence of RECQL germline variants in Pakistani early-onset and familial breast cancer patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Usman Rashid ◽  
Noor Muhammad ◽  
Faiz Ali Khan ◽  
Umara Shehzad ◽  
Humaira Naeemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Familial Breast Cancer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Germline Variants ◽  
Variants Of Unknown Significance ◽  
Breast Cancer Predisposition ◽  
Novel Variants

Abstract Background The RecQ Like Helicase (RECQL) gene has previously been shown to predispose to breast cancer mainly in European populations, in particular to estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive tumor. Here, we investigated the contribution of pathogenic RECQL germline variants to hereditary breast cancer in early-onset and familial breast cancer patients from Pakistan. Methods Comprehensive RECQL variant analysis was performed in 302 BRCA1 and BRCA2 negative patients with ER and/or PR positive breast tumors using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography followed by DNA sequencing. Novel variants were classified using Sherloc guidelines. Results One novel pathogenic protein-truncating variant (p.W75*) was identified in a 37-year-old familial breast cancer patient. The pathogenic variant frequencies were 0.3% (1/302) in early-onset and familial breast cancer patients and 0.8% (1/133) in familial patients. Further, three novel variants of unknown significance, p.I141F, p.S182S, and p.C475C, were identified in familial breast cancer patients at the age of 47, 68, and 47 respectively. All variants were absent in 250 controls. Conclusions Our data suggest that the RECQL gene plays a negligible role in breast cancer predisposition in Pakistan.

scholarly journals The Characteristics of Risk Factors in Chinese Young Women with Acute Coronary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruifang Liu ◽  
Fangxing Xu ◽  
Yujie Zhou ◽  
Tongku Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Cardiac Insufficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gynecological Diseases ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background In recent years, the prevalence rate of ACS in Chinese young women has been increasing significantly, becoming the main cause of death in young female. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and difference of risk factors in Chinese young women with ACS and to provide references for ACS prevention and treatment. Methods A 1:1 case-control study was conducted to evaluate risk factors of 415 young female patients with ACS (ACS group) who underwent PCI treatment and 415 young female cases without ACS (control group) who were hospitalized and confirmed by coronary angiography to exclude coronary heart disease from January 2010 to August 2016. The average age of the cases in the two groups was respectively (40.77±4.02) years-old and (40.57±4.01) years-old (P> 0.05). Results The risk factors in ACS group were overweight (64.10%), hypertension (49.88%), hyperlipidemia (35.66%), diabetes (23.37%), depression or anxiety disorder (16.62%), gynecological diseases (16.39%), Hyperuricemia (15.18%), family history of early onset coronary heart disease (14.94%), hyperhomocysteinemia (11.33%), hypothyroidism(14.96%), hypercholesterolemia (8.43%) and high c-reactive protein (7.47%), and were statistically significant difference (P<0.01) compared with that of control group. The average number of risk factors per case in ACS group was significantly more than that of control groups (P<0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in the number of combined risk factors of the overweight cases compared between two groups (P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight（obesity）, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases were independent risk factors (P<0.01). The bivariate correlation analysis between CRP level and age was r= -0.158 (P<0.01). This result showed the younger ACS patient is the higher serum CRP. Conclusion The independent risk factors of ACS in young women are hyperlipidemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, overweight, high CRP, hypertension, hypothyroidism, gynecological diseases, depression or anxiety, cardiac insufficiency, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, oral contraceptives, family history of early onset CHD, and autoimmune diseases. The co-existence of multiple risk factors is the main cause suffering from ACS in young women.

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