scholarly journals The Future Excess Fraction of Cancer Attributable to High Body Mass Index in Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement 2) ◽  
pp. 194s-194s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Carey ◽  
R. Norman ◽  
D. Whiteman ◽  
A. Reid ◽  
R. Neale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
High Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Burden

Background: High body mass index (BMI > 25 kg/m2) has been found to be associated with an increased risk of many cancers, including cancers of the colon and rectum, liver, and pancreas. Aim: This study aimed to estimate the future burden of cancer resulting from current levels of overweight and obesity in Australia. Methods: The future excess fraction method was used to estimate the future burden of cancer among the proportion of the Australian adult population who were overweight or obese in 2016. Calculations were conducted for 13 cancer types, including cancers of the colon, rectum, kidney, and liver. Results: The cohort of 18.7 million adult Australians in 2016 will develop ∼7.6 million cancers over their lifetime. Of these, ∼402,500 cancers (5.3%) will be attributable to current levels of overweight and obese. The majority of these will be postmenopausal breast cancers (n = 72,300), kidney cancers (n = 59,200), and colon cancers (n = 55,100). More than a quarter of future endometrial cancers (30.3%) and esophageal adenocarcinomas (35.8%) will be attributable to high body mass index. Conclusion: A significant proportion of future cancers will result from current levels of high body mass index. Our estimates are not directly comparable to past estimates of the burden from overweight and obesity because they describe different quantities - future cancers in currently exposed vs current cancers due to past exposures. The results of this study provide us with relevant up-to-date information about how many cancers in Australia could be prevented.

scholarly journals Physical activity modifies the risk of atrial fibrillation in obese individuals: The HUNT3 study

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (15) ◽  
pp. 1646-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars E Garnvik ◽  
Vegard Malmo ◽  
Imre Janszky ◽  
Ulrik Wisløff ◽  
Jan P Loennechen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hazard Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disorder, and high body mass index is a well-established risk factor for atrial fibrillation. The objective of this study was to examine the associations of physical activity and body mass index and risk of atrial fibrillation, and the modifying role of physical activity on the association between body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Design The design was a prospective cohort study. Methods This study followed 43,602 men and women from the HUNT3 study in 2006–2008 until first atrial fibrillation diagnosis or end of follow-up in 2015. Atrial fibrillation diagnoses were collected from hospital registers and validated by medical doctors. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to assess the association between physical activity, body mass index and atrial fibrillation. Results During a mean follow-up of 8.1 years (352,770 person-years), 1459 cases of atrial fibrillation were detected (4.1 events per 1000 person-years). Increasing levels of physical activity were associated with gradually lower risk of atrial fibrillation ( p trend 0.069). Overweight and obesity were associated with an 18% (hazard ratio 1.18, 95% confidence interval 1.03–1.35) and 59% (hazard ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.37–1.84) increased risk of atrial fibrillation, respectively. High levels of physical activity attenuated some of the higher atrial fibrillation risk in obese individuals (hazard ratio 1.53, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.28 in active and 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.44–2.67 in inactive) compared to normal weight active individuals. Conclusion Overweight and obesity were associated with increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Physical activity offsets some, but not all, atrial fibrillation risk associated with obesity.

The Effectiveness of a Balance Training Intervention in Reducing the Incidence of Noncontact Ankle Sprains in High School Football Players

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1289-1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malachy P. McHugh ◽  
Timothy F. Tyler ◽  
Michael R. Mirabella ◽  
Michael J. Mullaney ◽  
Stephen J. Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Balance Training ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
High Body ◽  
Increased Risk

Background A high body mass index and previous ankle sprains have been shown to increase the risk of sustaining noncontact inversion ankle sprains in high school football players. Hypothesis Stability pad balance training reduces the incidence of noncontact inversion ankle sprains in football players with increased risk. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods Height, body mass, history of previous ankle sprains, and current ankle brace/tape use were documented at the beginning of preseason training in 2 high school varsity football teams for 3 consecutive years (175 player-seasons). Players were categorized as minimal risk, low risk, moderate risk, and high risk based on the history of previous ankle sprain and body mass index. Players in the low-, moderate-, and high-risk groups (ie, any player with a high body mass index and/or a previous ankle sprain) were placed on a balance training intervention on a foam stability pad. Players balanced for 5 minutes on each leg, 5 days per week, for 4 weeks in preseason and twice per week during the season. Postintervention injury incidence was compared with preintervention incidence (107 players-seasons) for players with increased risk. Results Injury incidence for players with increased risk was 2.2 injuries per 1000 exposures (95% confidence interval, 1.1-3.8) before the intervention and 0.5 (95% confidence interval, 0.2-1.3) after the intervention (P < .01). This represents a 77% reduction in injury incidence (95% confidence interval, 31%-92%). Conclusion The increased risk of a noncontact inversion ankle sprain associated with a high body mass index and a previous ankle sprain was eliminated by the balance training intervention.

Impact of a High Body Mass Index on Lower Extremity Injury in Marathon/Half-Marathon Participants

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler F. Vadeboncoeur ◽  
Scott M. Silvers ◽  
Walter C. Taylor ◽  
Shane A. Shapiro ◽  
Jennifer A. Roth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Primary Outcome Measure ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Extremity Injury ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
High Body ◽  
Increased Risk

Background:To evaluate whether a high body mass index (BMI) predisposes marathon/half-marathon participants to lower extremity injuries.Methods:Consenting adult participants at the 2008 National Marathon to Fight Breast Cancer were enrolled in this observational study. The primary outcome measure was prevalence of self-reported lower extremity injury, during both training and race participation, with respect to BMI.Results:There were 194 subjects with complete data: 139 females (72%) and 55 males. Forty-six percent of females and 51% of males ran the full marathon (P = .63). Median BMI was 23.7 kg/m2 for females and 26.2 kg/m2 for males (P = .001). Eleven (24%) females in BMI tertile 1 (T1) suffered a training injury, while 9 (18%) from T2 and 4 (9%) from T3 suffered injuries (P = .072; OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.78 to 1.01). Twenty-six (19%) females suffered an injury during the race. Females in T1 were more likely to suffer a race-related injury (P = .038; OR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77 to 0.99). Females were 13% less likely to suffer a race-related injury with each 1-unit increase in BMI. Rates of injury did not differ by BMI tertile in males.Conclusions:A high BMI did not impart an increased risk of lower extremity injury during training or race participation.

Su1879 - High Body Mass Index is Associated with Increased Risk of Treatment Failure and Surgery in Biologic-Treated Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. S-617
Author(s):  
Soumya Kurnool ◽  
Nghia H. Nguyen ◽  
James Proudfoot ◽  
Parambir Dulai ◽  
Brigid S. Boland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
High Body ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Treatment

scholarly journals Non-communicable diseases deaths attributable to high body mass index in Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Riquelme ◽  
Leandro F. M. Rezende ◽  
Juan Guzmán-Habinger ◽  
Javiera L. Chávez ◽  
Carlos Celis-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Body ◽  
High Bmi

AbstractWe estimated the proportion and number of deaths from non-communicable diseases (NCD) attributable to high body mass index (BMI) in Chile in 2018. We used data from 5927 adults from a 2016–2017 Chilean National Health Survey to describe the distribution of BMI. We obtained the number of deaths from NCD from the Ministry of Health. Relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals per 5 units higher BMI for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and respiratory disease were retrieved from the Global BMI Mortality Collaboration meta-analyses. The prevalences of overweight and obesity were 38.9% and 39.1%, respectively. We estimated that reducing population-wide BMI to a theoretical minimum risk exposure level (mean BMI: 22.0 kg/m2; standard deviation: 1) could prevent approximately 21,977 deaths per year (95%CI 13,981–29,928). These deaths represented about 31.6% of major NCD deaths (20.1–43.1) and 20.4% of all deaths (12.9–27.7) that occurred in 2018. Most of these preventable deaths were from cardiovascular diseases (11,474 deaths; 95% CI 7302–15,621), followed by cancer (5597 deaths; 95% CI 3560–7622) and respiratory disease (4906 deaths; 95% CI 3119–6684). A substantial burden of NCD deaths was attributable to high BMI in Chile. Policies and population-wide interventions are needed to reduce the burden of NCD due to high BMI in Chile.

636 Associations among sleep, physical activity and high body mass index in youth: Age differences

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A249-A249
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Ji ◽  
Lauren Covington ◽  
Janeese Brownlow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
High Body ◽  
High Bmi

Abstract Introduction Short sleep duration is associated with overweight and obesity. Less clear is how sleep regularity and physical activity interact with sleep duration in predicting overweight across adolescent stages. This study examined interactions between (1) sleep duration and regularity, and (2) sleep duration and physical activity on overweight in preadolescents (10–11 years), early (12–14), and middle (15–17 years) adolescents. Methods Using the National Survey of Children’s Health 2017–2018 dataset, we included youth with sleep, physical activity and overweight data available (n=25,875) in the analyses. Parents reported their children’s sleep duration, sleep regularity and physical activity (&gt;60 min/day) frequency per week. High Body Mass Index (BMI, ≥85th percentile) for age and sex indicated overweight/obesity. Accounting for complex survey design and covariates (age, sex, race, poverty, and resilience), separate logistic regression models (STATA 16.0) estimated the associations in preadolescents, early and middle adolescents. Results Preadolescents had the highest odds of high BMI compared to other age groups (OR= 0.64 and 0.78, p&lt;0.001). Every hour increase in sleep duration was associated with 4–18% decrease in the odds of having high BMI, with the highest magnitude shown in preadolescents (OR=0.82, p&lt;0.001), followed by adolescents aged 12–14 (OR=0.89, p&lt;0.001) and 15–17 years old (OR=0.96, p=0.04). For preadolescents, irregular sleep (OR=1.41, p&lt;0.001) and physical activity (OR=0.83, p=0.03) modified the association between sleep duration and BMI. Specifically, the association was attenuated or even reversed among irregular sleepers (OR=1.09, p=0.27) compared with regular sleepers (OR=0.77, p&lt;0.001). Preadolescents with regular physical activity (≥4 days/week) showed stronger associations (OR=0.74, p&lt;0.001) between sleep duration and BMI than their counterparts (OR=0.89, p=0.01). Sleep regularity was not associated with BMI nor a modifier in other age groups. Although there was no interaction with sleep duration, regular physical activity was independently associated with decreased odds of having high BMI (OR=0.62, p&lt;0.001) in early and middle adolescents. Conclusion The relationship between lifestyle factors (i.e., sleep duration and physical activity) and BMI varies by age groups. Sufficient sleep duration, regular bedtimes and physical activity represent resilience factors against overweight/obesity, especially in preadolescents who are at greater risk for high BMI. Support (if any) N/A

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