Adipose Tissue-Derived Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are characterized by the ability to renew themselves and to differentiate into specialized cell types, while stem cell therapy is believed to treat a number of different human diseases through either cell regeneration or paracrine effects. Herein, an in vivo and ex vivo near infrared time domain (NIR TD) optical imaging study was undertaken to evaluate the migratory ability of murine adipose tissue-derived multipotent adult stem cells [mAT-MASC] after intramuscular injection in mice. In vivo NIR TD optical imaging data analysis showed a migration of DiD-labelled mAT-MASC in the leg opposite the injection site, which was confirmed by a fibered confocal microendoscopy system. Ex vivo NIR TD optical imaging results showed a systemic distribution of labelled cells. Considering a potential microenvironmental contamination, a cross-validation study by multimodality approaches was followed: mAT-MASC were isolated from male mice expressing constitutively eGFP, which was detectable using techniques of immunofluorescence and qPCR. Y-chromosome positive cells, injected into wild-type female recipients, were detected by FISH. Cross-validation confirmed the data obtained by in vivo/ex vivo TD optical imaging analysis. In summary, our data demonstrates the usefulness of NIR TD optical imaging in tracking delivered cells, giving insights into the migratory properties of the injected cells.

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Adipose Tissue Engineering from Human Adult Stem Cells: Clinical Implications in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Yearbook of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery ◽

10.1016/s1535-1513(08)70688-x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2008 ◽

pp. 224-225

Author(s):

S.H. Miller

Keyword(s):

Tissue Engineering ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Reconstructive Surgery ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Plastic And Reconstructive Surgery ◽

Adipose Tissue Engineering ◽

Human Adult

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Human adult stem cells derived from adipose tissue and bone marrow attenuate enteric neuropathy in the guinea-pig model of acute colitis

Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.1186/s13287-015-0231-x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Rhian Stavely ◽

Ainsley M. Robinson ◽

Sarah Miller ◽

Richard Boyd ◽

Samy Sakkal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Guinea Pig ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Pig Model ◽

Acute Colitis ◽

Human Adult ◽

Enteric Neuropathy ◽

Guinea Pig Model

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Chondrogenesis of Adult Stem Cells from Adipose Tissue and Bone Marrow: Induction by Growth Factors and Cartilage-Derived Matrix

Tissue Engineering Part A ◽

10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0398 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 523-533 ◽

Cited By ~ 165

Author(s):

Brian O. Diekman ◽

Christopher R. Rowland ◽

Donald P. Lennon ◽

Arnold I. Caplan ◽

Farshid Guilak

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Growth Factors ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

And Cartilage

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Human Adipose Tissue Is a Source of Multipotent Stem Cells

Molecular Biology of the Cell ◽

10.1091/mbc.e02-02-0105 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 4279-4295 ◽

Cited By ~ 4288

Author(s):

Patricia A. Zuk ◽

Min Zhu ◽

Peter Ashjian ◽

Daniel A. De Ugarte ◽

Jerry I. Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Bone Marrow ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Cell Population ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Specific Activity ◽

Stem Cell Population ◽

Stromal Compartment ◽

Multipotent Stem Cells ◽

Cd Marker

Much of the work conducted on adult stem cells has focused on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) found within the bone marrow stroma. Adipose tissue, like bone marrow, is derived from the embryonic mesenchyme and contains a stroma that is easily isolated. Preliminary studies have recently identified a putative stem cell population within the adipose stromal compartment. This cell population, termed processed lipoaspirate (PLA) cells, can be isolated from human lipoaspirates and, like MSCs, differentiate toward the osteogenic, adipogenic, myogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. To confirm whether adipose tissue contains stem cells, the PLA population and multiple clonal isolates were analyzed using several molecular and biochemical approaches. PLA cells expressed multiple CD marker antigens similar to those observed on MSCs. Mesodermal lineage induction of PLA cells and clones resulted in the expression of multiple lineage-specific genes and proteins. Furthermore, biochemical analysis also confirmed lineage-specific activity. In addition to mesodermal capacity, PLA cells and clones differentiated into putative neurogenic cells, exhibiting a neuronal-like morphology and expressing several proteins consistent with the neuronal phenotype. Finally, PLA cells exhibited unique characteristics distinct from those seen in MSCs, including differences in CD marker profile and gene expression.

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Effect of Age and Lipoperoxidation in Rat and Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2020/6473279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-20

Author(s):

Mario F. Muñoz ◽

Sandro Argüelles ◽

Francesco Marotta ◽

Mario Barbagallo ◽

Mercedes Cano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Stem Cells ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Biology ◽

Adult Stem Cells ◽

Elongation Factor ◽

Human Adipose Tissue ◽

Wide Range ◽

Proliferation And Differentiation

A wide range of clinical applications in regenerative medicine were opened decades ago with the discovery of adult stem cells. Highly promising adult stem cells are mesenchymal stem/stromal cells derived from adipose tissue (ADSCs), primarily because of their abundance and accessibility. These cells have multipotent properties and have been used extensively to carry out autologous transplants. However, the biology of these cells is not entirely understood. Among other factors, the regeneration capacity of these cells will depend on both their capacity of proliferation/differentiation and the robustness of the biochemical pathways that allow them to survive under adverse conditions like those found in damaged tissues. The transcription factors, such as Nanog and Sox2, have been described as playing an important role in stem cell proliferation and differentiation. Also, the so-called longevity pathways, in which AMPK and SIRT1 proteins play a crucial role, are essential for cell homeostasis under stressful situations. These pathways act by inhibiting the translation through downregulation of elongation factor-2 (eEF2). In order to deepen knowledge of mesenchymal stem cell biology and which factors are determinant in the final therapeutic output, we evaluate in the present study the levels of all of these proteins in the ADSCs from humans and rats and how these levels are affected by aging and the oxidative environment. Due to the effect of aging and oxidative stress, our results suggest that before performing a cell therapy with ADSCs, several aspects reported in this study such as oxidative stress status and proliferation and differentiation capacity should be assessed on these cells. This would allow us to know the robustness of the transplanted cells and to predict the therapeutic result, especially in elder patients, where probably ADSCs do not carry out their biological functions in an optimal way.

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