The role of three-dimensional geographic information systems in subsurface characterization for hydrogeological applications

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
A. Keith Turner
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Subsurface Characterization

ORISS

2005 ◽  
pp. 260-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Giesecke ◽  
Gerriet Reents
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Internet Technologies ◽  
Project Group ◽  
The University ◽  
The Web

In this chapter, we present the Web-based carpooling system ORISS, which was initially developed by a student project group at University of Oldenburg. It is currently being deployed at Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg with support of the DBU (Federal German Foundation for the Environment). We describe the role of carpools in traffic, particularly in commuter traffic, and show perspectives of an increased usage of carpools. A significant impact on the eco-balance of the university can be expected. We explain how Internet technologies and geographic information systems can be used for the arrangement of carpools, and show advantages over traditional methods of carpooling. The concrete architecture of ORISS and the algorithms used are outlined. We conclude the chapter by describing the circumstances of deployment and propose possible future extensions of the system.

Role of Geographic Information Systems in Regional Transportation Planning

1996 ◽  
Vol 1518 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Data Integration ◽  
Transportation Planning ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Transportation Modeling ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Traffic Impacts ◽  
State Programs

Geographic information systems (GISs) are becoming more widely used in transportation planning agencies, especially among metropolitan transportation organizations. The extension of GIS into transportation (GIS-T) is driven largely by the requirements of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 (ISTEA), the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, and legislation by states that mandate the development of transportation programs to reduce traffic impacts. Traditionally, transportation modeling of traffic impacts, calculation of vehicle emissions, and consideration of wider transportation planning effects, including transit, have employed different modeling techniques, often in different agencies or in separate sections within an agency. The results from these modeling and planning exercises have more often than not been displayed on different map bases, using different graphic programs to represent the data. The requirements of federal and state programs are encouraging modelers and planners to consider more consistent methods of data integration and display, hence the growing interest in GIS-T. The role of GIS-T in regional transportation planning is evaluated, including data integration issues, the configuration of transportation networks for use with GIS, and the linkage of transportation models to GIS.

Data acquisition and analysis for highway construction using geographic information systems

2003 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Moselhi ◽  
Ahmed Hassanein
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Highway Construction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Software Systems ◽  
Accurate Estimation

Earthmoving operations represent a sizeable percentage of highway construction costs. Accurate estimation of cut and fill quantities, as well as haul distances, are thus essential for developing realistic schedules and reliable cost estimates for highway construction projects. This paper presents a model designed to aid highway construction personnel in optimizing earthmoving operations by developing realistic mass haul diagrams. The model automates data acquisition and accounts for the presence of different soil strata and natural and (or) man-made obstructions affecting earthmoving plans. Geographic information systems (GIS) are employed to generate three-dimensional digital terrain models of the topography and soil profiles. The model is supported by a relational database for soil data and has been implemented in a prototype software developed in ArcView® environment. It provides a user-friendly interface to facilitate data entry and efficient reporting capabilities. The model has flexible input and output formats designed to facilitate data sharing with a number of commercially available software systems. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the features of the developed model.Key words: data acquisition, geographic information systems, quantity estimating, earthwork optimization.

scholarly journals The Role of Geographic Information Systems in Reducing Flood Risk in the BetLahem Governorate: دور نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS في الحد من مخاطر السيول في محافظة بيت لحم

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Islam R. A. salha, Mohammed M. El-Mougher, Mohamed R. El-Agh
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Database System ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
National Information ◽  
Information Bank ◽  
Support Decision Making ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

The study aimed at extracting the valley and streamsnetwork using GIS in Bethlehem governorate and assessing the risks of floods and the most flood prone areas in the governorate in order to forecast and reduce the disaster risk related to the flood. With a description of the role of GIS in the work of hydrological analysis in order to benefit from the flood waters by identifying the optimal areas for the collection of flood waters. It showed the extraction of the map of the water streamsnetwork and the identification of river basins using GIS , and the ability of geographic information systems to assess liquidity risks, as well as the production of accurate and illustrative maps showing hazard locations, was demonstrated. And reviewed the role of GIS in the industry of opportunity and reduce the risk of disaster Through the use of floods and identify the best areas proposed for the collection of rainwater and then work on storage. It recommends the establishment of a national information bank, which will be responsible for each part of the information, to create a spatial database system that contains comprehensive maps in all areas within common standards, which will assist in disaster management and support decision-making in times of crisis and disaster using GIS.      

Integration of GIS and BIM in Metro Construction

2014 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 698-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Kun Wang ◽  
Peng Li ◽  
Ya Ping Xiao ◽  
Zhi Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Building Information Modeling ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Information Modeling ◽  
Modeling Technology ◽  
Effective Combination ◽  
Building Information ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

With application and popularization of information modeling technology, both Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Building Information Modeling (BIM) could represent three dimensional models in different fields. By introducing application features of GIS and BIM in Metro construction, this paper presents such a thought that effective combination of GIS and BIM may play a role at different stages in metro construction.

OPTIMIZATION OF TICK-BORN DISEASES OF EPIZOOTOLOGICAL MONITORING SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
V. V. Belimenko ◽  
◽  
A. M. Gulyukin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographic Information Systems ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Information Flows ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Consequences Of Disease ◽  
Operational Data

The article presents an overview of information flows within Tick-born diseases epizootological monitoring. The role of the science-based approach and geographic information systems in the epizootological monitoring of infectious animal diseases is noted. For effective risk-based epizootological monitoring, it is necessary to centralize information flows and exchange operational data in real time and coordinate actions between different agencies to reduce or prevent the negative consequences of disease outbreaks, taking into account modern methods of risk assessment, management and audit. An important aspect is the creation of specialized epizootological databases with integration of geographic information systems.

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