The Role of Copper in Onset, Development and Control of Acute and Chronic Inflammation

2006 ◽  
pp. 161-235
Author(s):  
Robert Milanino
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation ◽  
And Control

Serum Amyloid A Is Present in Human Saccular Intracranial Aneurysm Walls and Associates With Aneurysm Rupture

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Huuska ◽  
Eliisa Netti ◽  
Riikka Tulamo ◽  
Satu Lehti ◽  
Behnam Rezai Jahromi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Aneurysm ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
Aneurysm Rupture ◽  
Serum Amyloid ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

Abstract Saccular intracranial aneurysm (sIA) rupture leads to a disabling subarachnoid hemorrhage. Chronic inflammation and lipid accumulation in the sIA wall contribute to wall degenerative remodeling that precedes its rupture. A better understanding of the pathobiological process is essential for improved future treatment of patients carrying sIAs. Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute-phase protein produced in response to acute and chronic inflammation and tissue damage. Here, we studied the presence and the potential role of SAA in 36 intraoperatively resected sIAs (16 unruptured and 20 ruptured), that had previously been studied by histology and immunohistochemistry. SAA was present in all sIAs, but the extent of immunopositivity varied greatly. SAA immunopositivity correlated with wall degeneration (p = 0.028) and rupture (p = 0.004), with numbers of CD163-positive and CD68-positive macrophages and CD3-positive T lymphocytes (all p < 0.001), and with the expression of myeloperoxidase, matrix metalloproteinase-9, prostaglandin E-2 receptor, and cyclo-oxygenase 2 in the sIA wall. Moreover, SAA positivity correlated with the accumulation of apolipoproteins A-1 and B-100. In conclusion, SAA occurs in the sIA wall and, as an inflammation-related factor, may contribute to the development of a rupture-prone sIA.

scholarly journals Neutrophils and NETs in modulating acute and chronic inflammation

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (20) ◽  
pp. 2178-2185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda V. S. Castanheira ◽  
Paul Kubes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Host Defense ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Extracellular Traps ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

Abstract Neutrophils are an absolutely essential part of the innate immune system, playing an essential role in the control of infectious diseases but more recently are also being viewed as important players in tissue repair. Neutrophils are able to counteract an infection through phagocytosis and/or the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). By contrast, neutrophils help repair damaged tissues, limiting NET production but still phagocytosing debris. However, when inflammation is recurrent, or the inciting agent persists, neutrophils through a frustrated inability to resolve the problem can release NETs to exacerbate tissue damage during inappropriate inflammation. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of NET formation, as well as the apparent paradoxical role of neutrophils and NETs in host defense, chronic inflammation, and tissue disrepair.

32 The role of IL6-transsignaling in acute and chronic inflammation

Cytokine ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rabe ◽  
Athena Chalaris ◽  
Nina Adam ◽  
Krzysztof Paliga ◽  
Hans Lange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

scholarly journals Differential Role of Lipocalin 2 During Immune Complex-Mediated Acute and Chronic Inflammation in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy ◽  
Deepa Machiah ◽  
Jesse D. Aitken ◽  
Kalyani Putty ◽  
Gayathri Srinivasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Immune Complex ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

Role of Nitric Oxide in the Regulation of Acute and Chronic Inflammation

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Stephen Laroux ◽  
David J. Lefer ◽  
Shigeyuki Kawachi ◽  
Rosario Scalia ◽  
Adam S. Cockrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

scholarly journals Targeting IL-1β in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wuqian Mai ◽  
Yuhua Liao
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Clinical Translation ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Innate Immunity Pathway ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

The role of inflammation in atherosclerosis has been recognized several decades ago and existing treatments provide benefits in part through non-specific anti-inflammatory actions. Compared with other cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is associated with acute and chronic inflammation. Anti-inflammatory therapy with canakinumab targeting the IL-1β innate immunity pathway could significantly reduce the rate of recurrent cardiovascular events than placebo. The results of CANTOS suggested an important role of IL-1β in atherosclerosis. However, there are numerous mechanisms that are to be clarified. We herein discussed the important immunomodulatory effect IL-1β exerts on atherosclerosis and the potential mechanisms underlying it. We also reviewed bench-to-bedside clinical translation of IL-1β neutralizing strategies associated with the use of IL-1β blockade in patients with atherosclerosis.

cGAS in action: Expanding roles in immunity and inflammation

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 363 (6431) ◽  
pp. eaat8657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Ablasser ◽  
Zhijian J. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Major Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Molecular Pattern ◽  
Pathogen Associated Molecular Pattern ◽  
Sting Pathway ◽  
Acute And Chronic Inflammation

DNA is highly immunogenic. It represents a key pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) during infection. Host DNA can, however, also act as a danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) and elicit strong inflammatory responses. The cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a major pathway that detects intracellular DNA. Here, we highlight recent advances on how cGAS and STING mediate inflammatory responses and how these are regulated, allowing cells to readily respond to infections and noxious agents while avoiding the inappropriate sensing of self-DNA. A particular focus is placed on the role of cGAS in the context of sterile inflammatory conditions. Manipulating cGAS or STING may open the door for new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of acute and chronic inflammation relevant to many human diseases.

Morphogenesis of a New Human Herpes-Type Virus Isolate (Sasha Virus)

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
R. F. Zeigel ◽  
W. Munyon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Isolate ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Human Embryonic Lung ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Intracytoplasmic Inclusions ◽  
Hel Cells ◽  
And Control

In continuing studies on the role of viruses in biochemical transformation, Dr. Munyon has succeeded in isolating a highly infectious human herpes virus. Fluids of buccal pustular lesions from Sasha Munyon (10 mo. old) uiere introduced into monolayer sheets of human embryonic lung (HEL) cell cultures propagated in Eagles’ medium containing 5% calf serum. After 18 hours the cells exhibited a dramatic C.P.E. (intranuclear vacuoles, peripheral patching of chromatin, intracytoplasmic inclusions). Control HEL cells failed to reflect similar changes. Infected and control HEL cells were scraped from plastic flasks at 18 hrs. of incubation and centrifuged at 1200 × g for 15 min. Resultant cell packs uiere fixed in Dalton's chrome osmium, and post-fixed in aqueous uranyl acetate. Figure 1 illustrates typical hexagonal herpes-type nucleocapsids within the intranuclear virogenic regions. The nucleocapsids are approximately 100 nm in diameter. Nuclear membrane “translocation” (budding) uias observed.

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