Free Radicals, Cigarette Smoke, and Health Scavenging Effects of Pycnogenol on Free Radicals Generated from Cigarette Smoke and Its Detoxification Effects

2005 ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Baolu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cigarette Smoke

Evaluation of Salivary Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress Markers in Male Smokers

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 496-501
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Ahmadi-Motamayel ◽  
Parisa Falsafi ◽  
Hamidreza Abolsamadi ◽  
Mohammad T. Goodarzi ◽  
Jalal Poorolajal
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Background: Cigarette smoke free radicals can cause cellular damage and different diseases. All the body fluids have antioxidants which protect against free radicals. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary total antioxidant capacity and peroxidase, uric acid and malondialdehyde levels in smokers and a nonsmoking control group. Methods: Unstimulated saliva was collected from 510 males. A total of 259 subjects were current smokers and 251 were non-smokers. The levels of salivary total antioxidant capacity, uric acid, peroxidase and malondialdehyde were measured using standard procedures. Data were analyzed with t test and ANOVA. Results: The smokers were younger and dental hygiene index was higher than healthy nonsmoking controls. The mean total antioxidant capacity in smokers and nonsmokers was 0.13±0.07 and 0.21±011, respectively (P=0.001). Smokers had significantly lower peroxidase and uric acid levels than healthy controls. In addition, the mean malondialdehyde levels in the smokers and nonsmokers were 4.55 ±2.61 and 2.79 ±2.21, respectively (P=0.001). Conclusion: Cigarette smoke produces free radical and oxidative stress, causing many side effects. Salivary antioxidant levels decreased and malondialdehyde levels increased in smokers, indicating the high oxidative stress among smokers compared to nonsmokers. Cigarette smoke had deleterious effects on main salivary antioxidants levels.

Impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation of rabbit aortas by cigarette smoke extract—role of free radicals and attenuation by captopril

1997 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasutaka Ota ◽  
Kiyotaka Kugiyama ◽  
Seigo Sugiyama ◽  
Masamichi Ohgushi ◽  
Toshiyuki Matsumura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Extract ◽  
Endothelium Dependent Relaxation

Biochar Nanozyme from Silkworm Excrement for Scavenging Vapor-Phase Free Radicals in Cigarette Smoke

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanyi Liu ◽  
Sheng Zhao ◽  
Yihong Zhang ◽  
Xueying An ◽  
Quan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Vapor Phase

scholarly journals New Methodologies for Qualitative and Semi-Quantitative Determination of Carbon-Centered Free Radicals in Cigarette Smoke Using Liquid ChromatographyTandem Mass Spectrometry and Gas Chromatography-Mass Selective Detection

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
AR Gerardi ◽  
WM Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Selective Detection ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Relative Quantitation ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
New Methodologies

AbstractSeveral approaches were explored to develop a high throughput procedure for relative determination of 14 different carbon-centered free radicals, both acyl and alkylaminocarbonyl type, in cigarette smoke. Two trapping procedures using 3-cyano-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-1-pyrrolidinyloxy, or 3-cyanoproxyl radical (3-CNP) were designed for this study: a) trapping in solution and b) trapping on a solid support which was a Cambridge filter pad. Fresh whole smoke and vapor phase smoke from mainstream cigarette smoke from Kentucky Reference Cigarettes 2R4F, as partitioned via an unadulterated Cambridge filter pad, were transferred into each trapping system in separate experiments. The 3-CNP coated Cambridge filter pad approach was shown to be superior to the impinger procedure as described in this study. Gas chromatography coupled with mass selective detection (GC-MS) was employed for the first time as an alternate means of detecting several relatively highly concentrated radical adducts. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with precursor ion monitoring and selected ion monitoring (SIM) was used for detecting the large array of radicals, including several not previously reported: formyl, crotonyl, acrolein, aminocarbonyl, and anilinocarbonyl radicals. Relative quantitation was achieved using as external calibration standards of 4-(1-pyrrolidino)benzaldehyde and nicotine. It was determined that the yield of carbon-centered free radicals by reference cigarette 2R4F was approximately 265 nmoles/cigarette at 35 mL puff/60 sec interval/2 sec duration smoking conditions.

Scavenging Effects of Plant Antioxidants on Gas-Phase Free Radicals in Mainstream Cigarette Smoke

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Shen ◽  
Kejun Zhong ◽  
Xianjun Sun ◽  
Hongbing Lu ◽  
Yu Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Plant Antioxidants ◽  
Mainstream Cigarette Smoke

Electron spin resonance and spin trap investigation of free radicals in cigarette smoke: development of a quantification procedure

2003 ◽  
Vol 481 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah L Baum ◽  
Ian G.M Anderson ◽  
Richard R Baker ◽  
Damien M Murphy ◽  
Christopher C Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Electron Spin Resonance ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Spin Trap ◽  
Spin Resonance

scholarly journals The time pattern of selenomethionine administration in preventing free radicals due to exposure to electric cigarette smoke

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivan Virlando Suryadinata ◽  
Bambang Wirjatmadi ◽  
Amelia Lorensia
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Early Application ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background: Most people believe that electric cigarettes have no negative effect on health,  which causes them to use it more. However, exposure to the smoke from these cigarettes is bad for the health and causes cell damage. Antioxidants play an important role in preventing cell damage, and they can be obtained through the oral administration of selenomethionine.Design and methods: This study used an experimental method and a post-test control group design. Male Wistar rats, which were exposed to cigarette smoke were given selenomethionine orally and then tested for the presence of free radicals. The measurement of lung tissue damage was conducted by assessing the level of malondialdehyde in the blood and immunohistochemistry (IHC) of the lung tissue.Result: The study showed that differences in the time of administration of selenomethionine affect the levels of malondialdehyde in the blood and expression of malondialdehyde in the lung tissue (p<0.05). Consequently, the two groups showed a strong (r=0.861) and significant (p=0.000) relationship with each other.Conclusion: The early application of selenomethionine can prevent increased levels of malondialdehyde in the blood and lung tissue due to exposure to e-cigarette smoke.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin C Terhadap Kualitas Spermatozoa Yang Terpapar Asap Rokok

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frenky D. Awuy ◽  
Diana S. Purwanto ◽  
Yanti M. Mewo
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Spermatozoa Motility

Abstract: Cigarettes can cause oxidative stress that may cause various health problems such as the decrease of spermatozoa quality. The disturbed state of  spermatozoa results in a decrease quality of the spermatozoa which may effect fertility. Vitamin C is an antioxidant which is believed to affect improving the quality of spermatozoa. This study aimed to determine the effect of vitamin C on the quality of spermatoza exposed to cigarette smoke. This research was conducted by literature review using three databases, namely Google Scholar, Pubmed, and ClinicalKey. After being selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 10 articles research for assessment. The results show that the decrease in spermatozoa concentration is due to the nicotine contained in cigarette smoke. By giving vitamin C, it can reduce oxidative stress which can cause lipid peroxidation, and then reduce the decrease in spermatozoa concentration. There is also an improvement in spermatozoa motility and morphology after vitamin C administration. Vitamin C as an antioxidant plays a role in fighting free radicals, so that the spermatozoa cell membrane remains protected. In conclusion, consumption of vitamin C shows an effect to improve the quality of spermatozoa exposed to cigarette smoke, including increasing/improving the concentration, morphology, and motility of spermatozoa.Keywords: vitamin C, spermatozoa, smoker  Abstrak: Rokok menyebabkan terjadinya stres oksidatif yang dapat mengakibatkan berbagai gangguan kesehatan seperti penurunan kualitas spermatozoa. Keadaan spermatozoa yang terganggu mengakibatkan penurunan kualitas spermatozoa sehingga akan memengaruhi kesuburan. Vitamin C merupakan antioksidan yang dipercaya dapat memengaruhi peningkatan kualitas spermatozoa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian vitamin C terhadap kualitas spermatoza yang terpapar asap rokok. Penelitian ini berbentuk literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Google Scholar, Pubmed, dan ClinicalKey. Setelah diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, didapatkan 10 artikel untuk dilakukan penilaian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan konsentrasi spermatozoa disebabkan oleh kandungan nikotin dalam asap rokok. Pemberian vitamin C dapat menurunkan stres oksidatif yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya peroksidasi lipid, kemudian menekan penurunan konsentrasi spermatozoa. Terdapat juga perbaikan motilitas dan morfologi spermatozoa setelah pemberian vitamin C. Vitamin C sebagai antioksidan berfungsi untuk menanggulangi radikal bebas, sehingga membran sel spermatozoa akan tetap terlindungi. Sebagai simpulan, pemberian vitamin C menunjukkan adanya pengaruh untuk meningkatkan kualitas spermatozoa yang terpapar asap rokok, meliputi peningkatan/perbaikan konsentrasi, morfologi, dan motilitas spermatozoa.Kata kunci: vitamin C, spermatozoa, asap rokok

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