Utilisation of Alternative Fuels in Internal Combustion Engines/Vehicles

2013 ◽  
pp. 171-311
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines

NH3 as a Transport Fuel in Internal Combustion Engines: A Technical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herry Lesmana ◽  
Zhezi Zhang ◽  
Xianming Li ◽  
Mingming Zhu ◽  
Wenqiang Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Nox Formation ◽  
Combustion Chemistry ◽  
Technical Review ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition

Ammonia (NH3) is an excellent hydrogen (H2) carrier that is easy to bulk manufacture, handle, transport, and use. NH3 is itself combustible and could potentially become a clean transport fuel for direct use in internal combustion engines (ICEs). This technical review examines the current state of knowledge of NH3 as a fuel in ICEs on its own or in mixtures with other fuels. A particular case of interest is to partially dissociate NH3 in situ to produce an NH3/H2 mixture before injection into the engine cylinders. A key element of the present innovation, the presence of H2 is expected to allow easy control and enhanced performance of NH3 combustion. The key thermochemical properties of NH3 are collected and compared to those of conventional and alternative fuels. The basic combustion characteristics and properties of NH3 and its mixtures with H2 are summarized, providing a theoretical basis for evaluating NH3 combustion in ICEs. The combustion chemistry and kinetics of NH3 combustion and mechanisms of NOx formation and destruction are also discussed. The potential applications of NH3 in conventional ICEs and advanced homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) engines are analyzed.

Experimental Studies on the Performance of C.I Engine with Fish Oil Methyl Ester as Fuel for Various Blends of Diesel and LPG

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 687-691
Author(s):  
Tarigonda Hari Prasad ◽  
R. Meenakshi Reddy ◽  
P. Mallikarjuna Rao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Inlet Manifold

Fossil fuels are exhausting quickly because of incremental utilization rate due to increase population and essential comforts on par with civilization. In this connection, the conventional fuels especially petrol and diesel for internal combustion engines, are getting exhausted at an alarming rate. In order to plan for survival of technology in future it is necessary to plan for alternate fuels. Further, these fossil fuels cause serious environmental problems as they release toxic gases into the atmosphere at high temperatures and concentrations. The predicted global energy consumption is increasing at faster rate. In view of this and many other related issues, these fuels will have to be replaced completely or partially by less harmful alternative, eco-friendly and renewable source fuels for the internal combustion engines. Hence, throughout the world, lot of research work is in progress pertaining to suitability and feasibility of alternative fuels. Biodiesel is one of the promising sources of energy to mitigate both the serious problems of the society viz., depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution. In the present work, experiments are carried out on a Single cylinder diesel engine which is commonly used in agricultural sector. Experiments are conducted by fuelling the diesel engine with bio-diesel with LPG through inlet manifold. The engine is properly modified to operate under dual fuel operation using LPG through inlet manifold as fuel along FME as ignition source. The brake thermal efficiency of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is increased at an average of 5% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. HC emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced by about at an average of 21% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. CO emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blends are reduced at an average of 33.6% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. NOx emissions of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend are reduced at an average of 4.4% when compared to the pure diesel fuel. Smoke opacity of FME with LPG (2LPM) blend is reduced at an average of 10% when compared to the pure diesel fuel.

scholarly journals The Study Influences the Jatropha-Diesel Mixing Ratio to the Formation of Soot Emissions in Diesel Exhaust Gases

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Van Quy Nguyen ◽  
Huu Cuong Le
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Jatropha Seeds

To cope with the depletion of fossil fuels and the threat of exhaust pollution from internal combustion engines, research finds alternative fuels. Step by step to completely replace fossil fuels that will be exhausted in the future and environmentally friendly due to internal combustion engines is an urgent and important issue. Diversify fuel sources used for internal combustion engines and environmentally friendly when using Jatropha - Diesel fuel mixture. The paper focuses on studying the ability to use biodiesel derived from Jatropha seeds with the volume ratios of 5%, 10% and 15% on experimental engines. Thereby, it will analyze and evaluate the technical features and pollution levels of engines compared to pure fuels. Experimental study assessing the effect of Jatropha - Diesel mixing ratio on the emission formation compared with emissions in Vikyno EV2600 engines.

scholarly journals Alternative Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 4086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Martins ◽  
F. P. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Synthetic Fuels ◽  
Ic Engines

The recent transport electrification trend is pushing governments to limit the future use of Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs). However, the rationale for this strong limitation is frequently not sufficiently addressed or justified. The problem does not seem to lie within the engines nor with the combustion by themselves but seemingly, rather with the rise in greenhouse gases (GHG), namely CO2, rejected to the atmosphere. However, it is frequent that the distinction between fossil CO2 and renewable CO2 production is not made, or even between CO2 emissions and pollutant emissions. The present revision paper discusses and introduces different alternative fuels that can be burned in IC Engines and would eliminate, or substantially reduce the emission of fossil CO2 into the atmosphere. These may be non-carbon fuels such as hydrogen or ammonia, or biofuels such as alcohols, ethers or esters, including synthetic fuels. There are also other types of fuels that may be used, such as those based on turpentine or even glycerin which could maintain ICEs as a valuable option for transportation.

Alternative Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines: Overview of current research

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V.Mahesh Babu Talupula ◽  
◽  
P.Srinivasa Rao ◽  
B.Sudheer Prem Kumar ◽  
Ch.P raveen
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines

THE ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY STANDARDS OF MOTOR VEHICLES

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 697-703
Author(s):  
Просянкин ◽  
S. Prosyankin ◽  
Красникова ◽  
D. Krasnikova ◽  
Феклин ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Safety Standards

The article describes the standards of environmental safety of motor vehicles ´Euro´, alternative fuels, prospects of development of automobile industry in the coming years. In addition, the author acquaints the reader with the upcoming changes in the design of internal combustion engines.

scholarly journals Alternative Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Ilhan Ilhak ◽  
Selim Tangoz ◽  
Selahaddin Orhan Akansu ◽  
Nafiz Kahraman
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Combustion Engines

scholarly journals Analysis of residual gases of internal combustion engines at working on biogas and their effects on the environment

2020 ◽  
pp. 101-108
Author(s):  
T. V. Dykun ◽  
V. I. Artym ◽  
Ya. M. Demianchuk ◽  
F. V. Kozak ◽  
L. I. Haieva
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The United States ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
By Products

Given the limited resources of Ukraine in petroleum fuels for internal combustion engines, the use of alternative fuels is quite relevant. One of their sources is biogas from livestock by-products and garbage dump. Ukraine has significant volumes of these renewable sources, the potential of which reaches more than 100 million tons of conventional fuel. Unfortunately, this resource is rarely used. In developed countries, biogas is widely used for electricity generation in power plants with internal combustion engines. Today in the United States the volume of biogas production is about 500 million m3 / year, in France – 40 million m3 / year. In the Czech Republic, Austria, Denmark, Finland and other countries, biogas is used as a motor fuel. Business Concerns Volvo, Scania produce buses running on biogas. In Ukraine, gas from landfills and livestock by-products is mostly released into the atmosphere or burned by flares, polluting the surrounding air. This causes additional greenhouse gas emissions. It is known that the main source of air pollution is vehicles. Exhaust, i.e. residual gases are considered toxic. The World Motor Vehicle Park annually emits up to 260 million tons of carbon monoxide, 40 million tons of volatile hydrocarbons, nitrogen oxides and others. The composition of the residual gases of the internal combustion en-gine depends on the component composition of the sources of fuel and, of course, on the mode of operation of the internal combustion engine In the given article the structure of residual gases of internal combustion engines at work on biogas is analyzed and their influence on environment is generalized. Based on analytical calculations, it is determined how the amount of residual gas components changes depending on the excess air ratio and the per-centage of methane in biogas. Recommendations for improving the performance of internal combustion engines on biogas by using it in mixtures with natural gas are given. According to the research results, the corresponding graphical dependences are constructed.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF COMPLEX FUEL-ECOLOGICAL CRITERION FOR DIESEL WORKING ON WATER-FUEL EMULSION

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
A.P. Marchenko ◽  
I.V. Parsadanov ◽  
A.V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Specific Fuel Consumption ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Boost Pressure ◽  
Combustion Engines

Today, internal combustion engines are very common as energy sources in many countries around the world. This makes the tasks related to improving the environmental performance of internal combustion engines relevant. The introduction of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines is an effective way to reduce their negative impact on the environment. One of the most available and widespread alternative fuels for diesels is a water-fuel emulsion. The use of water-fuel emulsion makes it possible to reduce the specific fuel consumption of petroleum origin, as well as to achieve a significant reduction in emissions of harmful substances from diesel exhaust. However, due to differences in the physical properties of traditional diesel fuel and water-fuel emulsion, the course of the processes of mixture formation and combustion in the diesel cylinder changes significantly. This may be due to the emergence of a reserve for further improvement of the diesel engine by selecting the parameters of the diesel engine running on water-fuel emulsion. The study selected the following parameters for variation: compression ratio, boost pressure, duration of the injection process, injection timing. The article considers the influence of these parameters on the Brake-specific fuel consumption of diesel, the specific emission of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, the maximum pressure in the cylinder. The nature and degree of influence of changes in the parameters of the diesel engine on its performance was determined using mathematical modeling. It should be noted that the influence of each of the parameters selected for variation is quite complex and often ambiguous. That is, when some indicators improve, others may deteriorate somewhat. Therefore, in order to select the most rational parameters of a diesel engine running on a water-fuel emulsion, it is necessary to simultaneously assess the economic and environmental performance of the diesel engine. For this assessment, a method was used to determine a comprehensive fuel and environmental criterion for a diesel engine running on a water-fuel emulsion. Thus, the article shows the potential for comprehensive improvement of environmental and economic performance of the diesel engine by choosing rational parameters.

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