Local Responses to Global Change: Community Alternatives for ‘Good Living’ in Latin America

En América Latina vivimos un quiebre en las tendencias de los procesos políticos y sociales de cambio que venían desenvolviéndose en la primera década y media del presente siglo. En este contexto de incertidumbre, las sociedades se encuentran en la encrucijada ante las vías posibles que se abren a la educación: ¿igualdad, inclusión o competitividad para el mercado? Este artículo pasa revista por algunas importantes resignifi caciones planteadas a la educación en las últimas décadas por diversos movimientos sociales y educativos en América Latina, en el escenario de transformaciones sociales y políticas en que algunos Estados contribuyeron a la revitalización de la educación pública como un derecho humano. Nuevas generaciones exigen la educación como derecho y no quieren más educación como lucro. Pueblos indígenas proponen otros sentidos de la educación dentro del paradigma del Buen Vivir (Sumak Kawsay) o Vivir Bien (Suma Qamaña), buscan posicionar un nuevo signifi cado de la vida, en el horizonte de una nueva espiritualidad y convivencia. Estas alternativas ofrecen señales de posibles caminos frente al oscurecimiento humano que presenciamos actualmente.Palabras clave: Sentidos de la educación. Alternativas al desarrollo. Pertinencia cultural. Sementes e estradas para a educação latino-americana em tempos de incertezaRESUMONa América Latina vivemos uma ruptura nas tendências dos processos políticos e sociais de mudança que se desdobraram na primeira década e meia deste século. Nesse contexto de incerteza, as sociedades estão na encruzilhada diante de possíveis caminhos abertos à educação: igualdade, inclusão ou competitividade para o mercado? Este artigo analisa algumas ressignificações importantes da educação nas últimas décadas por diversos movimentos sociais e educacionais da América Latina, no cenário de transformações sociais e políticas em que alguns Estados contribuíram para a revitalização da educação pública como direito humano. As novas gerações exigem educação como um direito e não querem mais educação como lucro. Os povos indígenas propõem outras formas de educação dentro do paradigma do bem viver (Sumak Kawsay) ou segundo Living Well (Suma Qamaña) buscar um novo sentido da vida, no horizonte de uma nova espiritualidade e convívio. Essas alternativas oferecem sinais de possíveis caminhos contrários ao obscurecimento humano que estamos testemunhando atualmente.Palavras-chave: Sentidos da educação. Alternativas ao desenvolvimento. Relevância cultural. Seeds and roads for Latin American education in times of uncertaintyABSTRACTIn Latin America we have lived a break in the trends of the political and social processes of change that had been unfolding in the fi rst decade and a half of this century. In this context of uncertainty, societies are at the crossroads before the possible paths open to education: equality, inclusion or competitiveness for the market? This article reviews some important resignifi cations of education in recent decades by various social and educational movements in Latin America, in the scenario of social and political transformations where some States contributed to the revitalization of public education as a human right. New generations demand education as a right, they do not want more education as a profi t. Indigenous peoples propose other meanings of education within the paradigm of Good Living (Sumak Kawsay) or Living Well (Suma Qamaña), seeking to position a new meaning of life, on the horizon of a new spirituality and coexistence. These alternatives off er signs of possible paths against the human obscuration that we are witnessing today.Keywords: Senses of education. Alternatives to development. Cultural relevance.

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Buen Vivir

The Oxford Handbook of Intergenerational Ethics ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190881931.013.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Graciela Vidiella ◽

Facundo Garcia Valverde

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Latin America ◽

Intergenerational Justice ◽

Identity Problem ◽

Buen Vivir ◽

Reciprocal Relations ◽

Social Ecological ◽

Political Impact ◽

Good Living ◽

Moral Ontology

The concept of buen vivir (“good living”) has become an emergent discourse of resistance for social, ecological, and indigenous movements in Latin America, especially in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Due to the rebirth of theories of decolonization and its political impact against extractive practices, buen vivir has attracted attention both from academic and from political domains. Although there are different and conflicting conceptions of buen vivir, three common theses can be identified: the rejection of an anthropocentric moral ontology, the abandonment of an idea of a linear progress toward welfare through economic growth, and the defense of complementary and reciprocal relations between humans and the rest of nature. This chapter critically analyzes the contributions and challenges that this radical platform can make to three paradigmatic problems in the intergenerational literature: the non-identity problem, the epistemological problem of the uncertainty of future needs, and the tyranny of the contemporaries. The authors argue that a moderate and environmentalist version is the fittest conception of buen vivir to provide public and legitimate reasons for those intergenerational justice issues and, at the same time, a richer non-resourcist metric to assess them.

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New global change research effort launched in Latin America

Eos ◽

10.1029/00eo00224 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 81 (26) ◽

pp. 296

Author(s):

Michael E. McClain ◽

Remigio H. Galarraga

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Global Change ◽

Research Effort ◽

Global Change Research

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Resilience and Community-Based Tourism: Mapuche Experiences in Pre-Cordilleran Areas (Puyehue and Panguipulli) of Southern Chile

Social Sciences ◽

10.3390/socsci7120249 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 249 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

María Torres-Alruiz ◽

Marisela Pilquimán V. ◽

Christian Henríquez-Zúñiga

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Participatory Action Research ◽

Southern Chile ◽

Research Projects ◽

Participatory Action ◽

Joint Work ◽

Community Based ◽

Local Responses ◽

Global Problems ◽

Tourism Organization

Local responses to global problems: this is the premise used in this work to approach the studies of community-based tourism (CBT) in Latin America. Resilience is a fertile concept to analytically delve into the emergency conditions of this form of tourism organization. The socio-ecological and situated narratives of resilience are enriched and used in this work to examine experiences of CBT in mapuche communities in the south of Chile. This was done through the systematization of relevant data available from the execution of participatory action research projects developed since 2013 in the communes of Panguipulli and Puyehue. This data was categorized and processed according to the variables identified for the proposed analyzes. It was found that the socio-ecological narrative is useful, but insufficient. The relevance of the situated narrative seems to be more effective to engage in dialogues and joint work with mapuche communities.

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The Buen vivir Postdevelopmentalist Paradigm under Ecuador’s Citizens’ Revolution Governments (2007–2017): An Appraisal

Latin American Perspectives ◽

10.1177/0094582x211004910 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0094582X2110049

Author(s):

Patricio Carpio Benalcázar ◽

Francisco Javier Ullán de la Rosa

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Social Welfare ◽

Public Policies ◽

Structural Transformations ◽

Buen Vivir ◽

Welfare Policies ◽

Social Democratic ◽

The Public ◽

Good Living ◽

America Latina

Buen vivir (good living) is an alternative postcapitalist and postdevelopmentalist paradigm born in Latin America whose concepts were incorporated into the 2008 Ecuadorian Constitution. An appraisal of the divergence between the paradigm, its legal projection, and the public policies undertaken by the so-called Citizens’ Revolution governments (2007–2017) under President Rafael Correa concludes that the structural transformations in the economic, political, social, and cultural realms envisaged by the buen vivir paradigm never took place. What Ecuadorian governments implemented during the decade was actually a capitalist neo-developmentalist scheme with some social-welfare policies of a social-democratic nature. El “buen vivir” es un paradigma postcapitalista y postdesarrollodista alternativo nacido en América Latina cuyos conceptos fueron incorporados a la Constitución ecuatoriana del 2008. Un análisis de la divergencia entre el paradigma, su proyección legal y las políticas públicas emprendidas por los llamados gobiernos de la Revolución Ciudadana (2007–2017) bajo el presidente Rafael Correa muestra que las transformaciones estructurales en los ámbitos económico, político, social y cultural previstas por el paradigma del buen vivir nunca se llevaron a cabo. Lo que implementaron los gobiernos ecuatorianos durante la década fue en realidad un esquema neo-desarrollista capitalista con algunas políticas de bienestar social de carácter socialdemócrata.

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Progress in Latin America: Farewell to Modernity?

Latin American Perspectives ◽

10.1177/0094582x211024918 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0094582X2110249

Author(s):

Sidney Reinaldo da Silva

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

World Order ◽

Economic Commission ◽

Good Living ◽

The Caribbean ◽

America Latina

Progress marks a way of understanding Latin America in terms of what it lacks, what it should be yearning for and seeking. Historically, the idea of progress served to legitimate the region’s submission to a world order marked by colonial capitalist and imperialist rule. Comparison of the modern ideal of progress with developmentalism, particularly as defined by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, and criticism of “progress” as legitimation arising out of the intersection of postdevelopmentalist thought with the ideology of Good Living shows that the idea continues to haunt the postcolonial pursuit of a free Latin America. O progresso baliza uma forma de abordagem da América Latina pela falta, pelo o que ela deve ansiar e buscar. Historicamente, a ideia de progresso passou a legitimar a submissão da região a uma ordem mundial marcada pelo domínio capitalista colonial e imperialista. Frente ao ideário moderno de progresso, as formas tomadas pelo desenvolvimentismo, marcadamente no âmbito das orientaçãoes da Comissão Econômica para a América Latina e o Caribe, e as críticas ao progresso como legitimação surgidas no bojo do entrecruzamento do pensamento pós-desenvolvimentista com o ideário do Bem Viver mostram que a ideia de progresso se mantém como um fantasma perante abordagens pós-coloniais das possibilidades de livre desabrochamento latino-americano.

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De la Universidad a la Pluriversidad Alternativas educativas en América Latina para otros “desarrollos” / From University to Pluriversity: Educational alternatives in Latin America for other "developments"

Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales ◽

10.37467/gka-revsocial.v7.1690 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

François-Xavier Tinel ◽

Doris Herrera Monsalve ◽

Bernardo Hernández Umaña ◽

Elssy Moreno Pérez

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Knowledge Construction ◽

Educación Superior ◽

Buen Vivir ◽

Educacion Superior ◽

Models Of Development ◽

Educational Alternatives ◽

The World ◽

Good Living ◽

America Latina

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes different experiences and perspectives of higher education in Latin America who have incorporated the notions of interculturality and Good Living in their curricular strategies, as an alternative to the hegemonic models of development and linked to community exercises, more diverse and inclusive. In this region, these educational proposals embody different modalities of knowledge construction and aim to erect another educational and learning model of education; therefore, they represent essential means to facilitate required transitions towards other conceptions of the world and relationships between humans and nature. RESUMENEl cambio climático, las crisis sistémicas de una economía que incrementa las desigualdades en vez de reducirlas, y el éxodo anual de millones de personas de su tierra por el hambre o la guerra, son algunas de las patologías de un modelo de civilización en crisis. Frente a la velocidad de los cambios, las universidades son entidades esenciales en la sociedad para facilitar las transiciones requeridas hacia otras concepciones del mundo y de las relaciones entre el ser humano y la naturaleza. Empero, al reconocerse a sí misma como la fuente monopolística del conocimiento y de la verdad, se ha adjudicado también a esta institución casi milenaria parte de la responsabilidad en esta crisis. En América Latina, desde hace más de una década, están surgiendo otras propuestas educativas como las de las Universidades interculturales, la Universidad de la Tierra, o aún de universidades que se reivindican del o para el buen vivir como instituciones de educación superior que están haciendo eco a apuestas distintas de construcción de conocimiento y pretenden ofrecer otro modelo educativo de enseñanza y aprendizaje, más diverso e inclusivo; así, este trabajo analiza las diversas experiencias y perspectivas de Educación Superior en la Universidad del Siglo XXI en América latina que han incorporado las nociones de interculturalidad y Buen Vivir en sus diferentes estrategias ó apuestas curriculares como alternativas a los modelos hegemónicos y con un vínculo particular con los ejercicios comunitarios. Por ello esta investigación reflexiona alrededor de los siguientes interrogantes: ¿De qué manera la educación para el desarrollo promueve y acompaña esos otros desarrollos o alternativas al desarrollo en Latinoamérica? y ¿Qué tan alternativas y vinculantes son estas otras apuestas de educación superior hoy en el mundo?

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Local Responses to Global Change

The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science ◽

10.1177/0002716295540000013 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 540 (1) ◽

pp. 145-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

ZDRAVKO MLINAR

Keyword(s):

Global Change ◽

Local Responses

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Strategic Aspects of the China–Latin America Interaction

China, The United States, and the Future of Latin America ◽

10.18574/nyu/9781479899289.003.0012 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Haibin Niu

Keyword(s):

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

International System ◽

Strategic Partnership ◽

Main Concern ◽

Potential Threat ◽

Local Responses ◽

The Us ◽

Global Player ◽

International Status

China has increasingly acted as a full-fledged global player, as in the evolving strategic partnership with Latin America for the past decade. The main concern is whether China will become a potential threat to the US in the region, even though it does not claim to seek such a role. China’s new presence in Latin America coincides with a retreat of the U.S. from the region and the rise of leftist politicians in Latin America. It is a misperception that China is responsible for these developments. Part of the concerns of China’s presence in Latin America was brought by the spread of terrorism and the rise of Asia, as well as local responses to neo-liberal reforms in the region. However, both China and Latin American countries are exploring their new ties to adapt to an international system with power shifts and diffusion. A strong and sustainable tie between China and Latin America will enhance each other’s international status, regardless of their current domestic transitions.

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