Insulin, C-peptide, androgens, and beta-endorphin response to oral glucose in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

1994 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Tropeano
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Beta Endorphin

scholarly journals Incretin levels in polycystic ovary syndrome

2008 ◽  
Vol 159 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Vrbikova ◽  
Martin Hill ◽  
Bela Bendlova ◽  
Tereza Grimmichova ◽  
Katerina Dvorakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Healthy Women

ObjectivePolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been linked to a high risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Disturbances in the secretion of the incretin hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) have been observed in states with impaired glucose regulation. This paper considers the secretion of GIP and GLP-1 after oral glucose load in a group of lean, glucose-tolerant PCOS women in comparison with age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched healthy women.DesignCase control.MethodsPCOS (n=21, 25.8±4.1 years, BMI 21.6±1.7 kg/m2) and control healthy women (CT, n=13, 28.5±7.2 years, BMI 20.3±2.5 kg/m2) underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with blood sampling for glucose, insulin, C-peptide, total GIP, and active GLP-1. Insulin sensitivity was determined both at fasting and during the test.StatisticsRepeated measures ANOVA.ResultsGlucose levels and insulin sensitivity did not differ between PCOS and CT. PCOS had significantly higher levels of C-peptide (P<0.05) and tended to have higher insulin levels. The levels of total GIP were significantly higher in PCOS than in CT (P<0.001). Active GLP-1 levels exhibited a significantly different time-dependent pattern in PCOS (P<0.002 for PCOS versus time interaction). GLP-1 concentrations were similar in PCOS and CT in the early phase of OGTT and then reached significantly lower levels in PCOS than in CT at 180 min (P<0.05).ConclusionsIncreased total GIP and lower late phase active GLP-1 concentrations during OGTT characterize PCOS women with higher C-peptide secretion in comparison with healthy controls, and may be the early markers of a pre-diabetic state.

Lack of relationship between 17-hydroxyprogesterone response to buserelin testing and hyperinsulinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome

1997 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Şahin ◽  
Demet Ayata ◽  
Fahrettin Keleştimur
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
17 Hydroxyprogesterone

Abstract Objective: To determine whether hyperinsulinism affects cytochrome P450c 17α activity by investigating the correlation between 17–hydroxyprogesterone (17–OHP) hyper-responsiveness to the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, buserelin, and the insulin response to oral glucose in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Design: Ultrasound, clinical and hormonal parameters were used to define PCOS in this prospective clinical study. We investigated the correlation between the 17–OHP response to buserelin testing and the insulin response to oral glucose in PCOS. Methods: Twenty-eight women with PCOS and eighteen normal women were included in the study. 17–OHP response to buserelin, and insulin and C–peptide responses to oral glucose were measured. Results: Twenty–live women with PCOS had an increased 17–OHP response. The PCOS patients showed significantly higher mean post–glucose load insulin and C–peptide levels than controls (P<0·05). No significant correlations were found between basal 17–OHP and fasting insulin or fasting C–peptide, between peak 17–OHP and fasting insulin, peak insulin or peak C–peptide, between 17–OHP area under the curve (AUC) and insulin AUC or C–peptide AUC, and between percent increment in 17–OHP and insulin AUC or C–peptide AUC (P >0·05). Conclusions: Lack of a relationship between the 17–OHP response to the GnRH agonist buserelin and hyperinsulinism suggests that hyperinsulinism may not play a role in the dysregulation of the cytochrome P450c17α enzyme seen in PCOS. European Journal of Endocrinology 136 410–415

scholarly journals Effect of oral contraceptives and/or metformin on GLP-1 secretion and reactive hypoglycaemia in polycystic ovary syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorte Glintborg ◽  
Hanne Mumm ◽  
Jens Juul Holst ◽  
Marianne Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Reactive Hypoglycemia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Reactive Hypoglycaemia

Context Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may increase the risk of reactive hypoglycaemia (RH) and decrease glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion. The possible effects of treatment with oral contraceptives (OCP) and/or metformin on GLP-1 secretion and risk of RH in PCOS is undetermined. Setting Outpatient clinic. Patients and interventions Randomized, controlled clinical trial. Ninety women with PCOS were randomized to 12-month treatment with OCP (150 mg desogestrel + 30 mg ethinylestradiol), metformin (2 g/day) or metformin + OCP. Five-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (5-h OGTT) measuring fasting and area under the curve (AUC) for GLP-1, glucose, insulin and C-peptide were performed before and after the intervention period. Sixty-five women completed the study and 34 weight-matched healthy women were included as controls. Main outcome measures Changes in GLP-1, glucose, insulin and C-peptide during 5-h OGTT. Results Fasting GLP-1 levels increased during metformin + OCP vs OCP treatment, whereas AUC GLP-1 levels were unchanged during medical treatment. The prevalence of reactive hypoglycemia increased from 9/65 to 14/65 after intervention (P < 0.01) and was more common after treatment with metformin + OCP (increase from 3/23 to 6/23, P = 0.01). Reactive hypoglycaemia was associated with higher insulin and C-peptide levels during 5-h OGTT, but was unassociated with BMI and AUC GLP-1. GLP-1 levels were comparable in PCOS vs controls. AUC GLP-1 levels were significantly lower in obese vs lean patients and were inversely associated with BMI. Conclusions AUC GLP-1 levels were unchanged during treatment. Increased risk of hypoglycemia during metformin + OCP could be associated with increased insulin secretion.

Postprandial inflammatory responses after oral glucose, lipid and protein challenges: Influence of obesity, sex and polycystic ovary syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 876-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ángeles Martínez-García ◽  
Samuel Moncayo ◽  
María Insenser ◽  
Rafael Montes-Nieto ◽  
Elena Fernández-Durán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

scholarly journals Inositol administration reduces oxidative stress in erythrocytes of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

2012 ◽  
Vol 166 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriella Donà ◽  
Chiara Sabbadin ◽  
Cristina Fiore ◽  
Marcantonio Bragadin ◽  
Francesco L Giorgino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Band 3 ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Before And After

ObjectivePossibly due to a deficiency of insulin mediators, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is often associated with insulin resistance (IR) and hyperinsulinemia, likely responsible for an elevated production of reactive oxygen species. We investigated oxidative-related alterations in erythrocytes and anti-inflammatory effects of inositol in women with PCOS before and after treatment with myo-inositol (MYO).MethodsTwenty-six normal-weight PCOS patients were investigated before and after MYO administration (1200 mg/day for 12 weeks;n=18) or placebo (n=8) by evaluating serum testosterone, serum androstenedione, fasting serum insulin, fasting serum glucose, insulin area under the curve (AUC), and glucose AUC after oral glucose tolerance test and homeostasis model of assessment–IR. In erythrocytes, band 3 tyrosine phosphorylation (Tyr-P) level, glutathione (GSH) content, and glutathionylated proteins (GSSP) were also assessed.ResultsData show that PCOS patients' erythrocytes underwent oxidative stress as indicated by band 3 Tyr-P values, reduced cytosolic GSH content, and increased membrane protein glutathionylation. MYO treatment significantly improved metabolic and biochemical parameters. Significant reductions were found in IR and serum values of androstenedione and testosterone. A significant association between band 3 Tyr-P levels and insulin AUC was found at baseline but disappeared after MYO treatment, while a correlation between band 3 Tyr-P and testosterone levels was detected both before and after MYO treatment.ConclusionsPCOS patients suffer from a systemic inflammatory status that induces erythrocyte membrane alterations. Treatment with MYO is effective in reducing hormonal, metabolic, and oxidative abnormalities in PCOS patients by improving IR.

scholarly journals Fatty liver index in polycystic ovary syndrome

2011 ◽  
Vol 165 (6) ◽  
pp. 935-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Lerchbaum ◽  
Hans-Jürgen Gruber ◽  
Verena Schwetz ◽  
Albrecht Giuliani ◽  
Reinhard Möller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Liver Index ◽  
Fatty Liver Index ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

IntroductionWomen with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) frequently suffer from metabolic disturbances and might be affected by hepatic steatosis. The fatty liver index (FLI) was developed as a simple and accurate predictor of hepatic steatosis. We aimed to analyze the association of FLI with endocrine and metabolic parameters in a cohort of PCOS and control women.MethodsFLI was calculated using body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triglycerides, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in 611 PCOS and 139 BMI-matched control women within the same age range. Elevated FLI was defined as >60. Metabolic, endocrine, and anthropometric measurements and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed.ResultsPCOS women had significantly higher FLI levels than control women in age-adjusted analyses (11.4 (4.3–48.8) and 8.8 (3.9–35.0), respectively,P=0.001), whereas fibrosis indices were similar (aspartate amino transferase-to-platelet ratio index) or lower (FIB-4) respectively. In binary logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, odds ratio (OR) for elevated FLI was 2.52 (1.31–4.85),P=0.006, for PCOS women when compared with controls. PCOS women with high FLI levels had an adverse anthropometric, metabolic, and endocrine risk profile. The prevalence of elevated FLI was 88.7% in PCOS women with metabolic syndrome (MS) and 11.3% in PCOS women without MS (P<0.001). In control women, elevated FLI was present in 66.7% of women with MS and 30.8% of women without MS.ConclusionHigh FLI levels are a common finding in obese PCOS women and are closely linked to MS. FLI calculation might be a useful tool for identifying PCOS patients at high risk for metabolic and hepatic disturbances.

scholarly journals Leptin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome before and after treatment with diazoxide

1998 ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
GE Krassas ◽  
TT Kaltsas ◽  
N Pontikides ◽  
H Jacobs ◽  
W Blum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Levels ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Igfbp 3

Leptin, a product of the ob gene, is a 16 kDa protein which is produced by adipocytes. In humans, obesity is a common finding in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The role, however, of leptin in PCOS is not clear. Some studies have reported increased levels of leptin in PCOS, while others report that they are normal. Also, insulin resistance is a common finding in PCOS. The aim of this study was to investigate further the role of insulin in leptin secretion in patients with PCOS by treating them for 10 days with diazoxide, an insulin-reducing compound. Eight women with PCOS, mean age 22.1 +/- 2.7 years, with mean body mass index (BMI) 28.4 +/- 5.7kg/m2, were studied. An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in all women and blood samples were taken before and at 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min after the administration of glucose. Glucose, insulin, leptin, free testosterone, delta4 androstenedione, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), LH, FSH, IGF-I and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) were measured in the sera taken before the administration of glucose, while glucose and insulin levels were measured in all samples which were collected after the administration of glucose. Diazoxide 300 mg daily was given to all women starting after the end of the OGTT for 10 days. A second OGTT was performed the day after the discontinuation of the diazoxide treatment. The same hormonal and biochemical parameters were also measured in all patients during the second OGTT. After the administration of diazoxide a reduction in sum insulin (262 +/- 147 vs 679 +/- 341 microU/ml. P<().01), leptin (18.5 +/- 10.6 vs 24.2 +/- 10.2 ng/ml, P<0.01), free testosterone (3.0 +/- 1.9 vs 5.1 +/- 1.9 pg/ml, P<0.01), delta4 androstenedione (3.8 +/- 1.9 vs 5.7 +/- 2.0 ng/ml, P<0.01) and IGF-I (219.5 +/- 69.2 vs 314.5 +/- 82.3 ng/ml, P<0.01) levels was observed. Serum SHBG (38.8 +/- 16.8 vs 27.8 +/- 12.1 nmol/l, P<0.01) and sum glucose levels (994.1 +/- 252.7 vs 711.1 +/- 166.1 mg/dl, P<0.05) were increased while IGFBP-3 (3.96 +/- 2.49 vs 3.75 +/- 2.24mg/l), FSH (6.2 +/- 1.8 vs 6.0 +/- 2.5 mU/l) and LH (18.9 +/- 6.7 vs 21.4 +/- 6.7 mU/l) concentrations did not change significantly. A significant positive correlation was found between serum leptin and BMI values before and after administration of diazoxide as well as between leptin, insulin and IGFBP-3 values. Also, sum insulin values correlated significantly with BMI. However, when multiple regression analysis was used this correlation was eliminated except that between leptin and BMI. This was most probably due to the small number of cases. The mechanism of the reduction of leptin levels is unclear. However, it is suggested that the concomitant decrease of insulin levels may play a role.

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