scholarly journals Improvement of insulin sensitivity by metformin treatment does not lower blood pressure of nonobese insulin-resistant hypertensive patients with normal glucose tolerance.

1996 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1568-1574
Author(s):  
M Dorella ◽  
M Giusto ◽  
V Da Tos ◽  
M Campagnolo ◽  
P Palatini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Metformin Treatment ◽  
Lower Blood Pressure ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Normal Glucose

scholarly journals Dissociation Between Insulin Resistance and Abnormalities in Lipoprotein Particle Concentrations and Sizes in Normal-Weight Chinese Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaare Tranæs ◽  
Cherlyn Ding ◽  
Yu Chung Chooi ◽  
Zhiling Chan ◽  
John Choo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lipoprotein Subclass ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Lipoprotein Particle ◽  
Normal Glucose

Insulin resistance in obesity coincides with abnormalities in lipid profile and lipoprotein subclass distribution and size even before abnormalities in glucose homeostasis manifest. We aimed to assess this relationship in the absence of obesity. Insulin sensitivity (3-h intravenous glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling) and lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes (proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy) were evaluated in 15 insulin-resistant and 15 insulin-sensitive lean Asians of Chinese descent with normal glucose tolerance, matched on age, sex, and body mass index. Despite a ~50% lower insulin sensitivity index (Si) in insulin-resistant than in insulin-sensitive subjects, which was accompanied by significantly greater acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg) and fasting insulin concentration but not different fasting glucose concentration, there were no significant differences between groups in the blood lipid profile (p ≥ 0.44) or the lipoprotein subclass concentrations (p ≥ 0.30) and particle sizes (p ≥ 0.43). We conclude that, contrary to observations in subjects with obesity, insulin resistance is not accompanied by unfavorable changes in the plasma lipid profile and lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes in lean Asians with normal glucose tolerance. Therefore, insulin resistance at the level of glucose metabolism is mechanistically or temporally dissociated from lipid and lipoprotein metabolism.Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03264001.

Plasma Leptin Concentrations are Independently Associated with Insulin Sensitivity in Lean and Overweight Cats

2002 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Appleton ◽  
JS Rand ◽  
GD Sunvold
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Plasma Leptin

This study investigated relationships between plasma leptin, insulin concentrations, insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in lean and overweight cats. Leptin concentrations were measured in 16 cats during glucose tolerance tests before and after gaining weight, and after feeding a test meal in overweight cats. An important finding of this study is that in both lean (r=-0.79) and overweight (r=-0.89) cats, the higher the leptin concentrations, the more insulin resistant the cat, independent of the degree of adiposity. Leptin concentrations at baseline and after consuming a meal tended to be higher in overweight cats with glucose intolerance, compared to overweight cats with normal glucose tolerance, although the difference was not significant. After feeding the test meal to overweight cats in the early morning, plasma leptin concentrations initially decreased before subsequently rising to peak 15 h later, which coincided with late evening. The leptin peak occurred 9 h after the insulin peak following ingestion of the test meal. Importantly, this study suggests that increased leptin concentrations may contribute to the diminished insulin sensitivity seen in overweight cats. Alternatively, the compensatory hyperinsulinaemia found with insulin resistance in overweight cats could stimulate leptin production.

Impact of Glucose Metabolism Disorders on IGF-1 Levels in Patients with Acromegaly

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 408-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sema Dogansen ◽  
Gulsah Yalin ◽  
Seher Tanrikulu ◽  
Sema Yarman
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism Disorders ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of glucose metabolism abnormalities and their impact on IGF-1 levels in patients with acromegaly. Ninety-three patients with acromegaly (n=93; 52 males/41 females) were included in this study. Patients were separated into three groups such as; normal glucose tolerance (n=23, 25%), prediabetes (n=38, 41%), and diabetes mellitus (n=32, 34%). Insulin resistance was calculated with homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). HOMA-IR > 2.5 or ≤2.5 were defined as insulin resistant or noninsulin resistant groups, respectively. Groups were compared in terms of factors that may be associated with glucose metabolism abnormalities. IGF-1% ULN (upper limit of normal)/GH ratios were used to evaluate the impact of glucose metabolism abnormalities on IGF-1 levels. Patients with diabetes mellitus were significantly older with an increased frequency of hypertension (p<0.001, p=0.01, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in prediabetes group than in normal glucose tolerance group (p=0.04). Similarly IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio was significantly lower in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.04). Baseline and suppressed GH levels were significantly higher in insulin resistant group than in noninsulin resistant group (p=0.024, p<0.001, respectively). IGF-1% ULN/GH ratio is a useful marker indicating glucose metabolism disorders and IGF-1 levels might be inappropriately lower in acromegalic patients with insulin resistance or prediabetes. We suggest that IGF-1 levels should be re-evaluated after the improvement of insulin resistance or glycemic regulation for the successful management of patients with acromegaly.

scholarly journals Regional Variations of Insulin Secretion and Insulin Sensitivity in Japanese Participants With Normal Glucose Tolerance

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiriko Watanabe ◽  
Moritake Higa ◽  
Yoshimasa Hasegawa ◽  
Akihiro Kudo ◽  
Richard C. Allsopp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Secretion ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Insulinogenic Index ◽  
Genetic Traits ◽  
Normal Glucose

Purpose: Regional differences in dietary patterns in Asian countries might affect the balance of insulin response and sensitivity. However, this notion is yet to be validated. To clarify the regional differences in the insulin response and sensitivity and their relationship to nutrients, we compared the insulin secretory response during an oral glucose tolerance test in Japanese participants.Methods: This observational retrospective cohort study analyzed the data from participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) from four distinct areas of Japan with regard to the food environment: Fukushima, Nagano, Tokushima, and Okinawa based on data available in the Japanese National Health Insurance database.Results: Although the glucose levels were comparable among the four regions, the insulin responses were significantly different among the regions. This difference was observed even within the same BMI category. The plot between the insulin sensitivity index (Matsuda index) and insulinAUC/glucoseAUC or the insulinogenic index showed hyperbolic relationships with variations in regions. The indices of insulin secretion correlated positively with fat intake and negatively with the intake of fish, carbohydrate calories, and dietary fiber.Conclusions: We found that significant regional differences in insulin response and insulin sensitivity in Japanese participants and that nutritional factors may be linked to these differences independently of body size/adiposity. Insulin response and insulin sensitivity can vary among adult individuals, even within the same race and the same country, and are likely affected by environmental/lifestyle factors as well as genetic traits.

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