scholarly journals Nationally Representative Estimates of Serum Testosterone Concentration in Never-Smoking, Lean Men Without Aging-Associated Comorbidities

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 1759-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Platz ◽  
John R Barber ◽  
Susan Chadid ◽  
Jiayun Lu ◽  
Adrian S Dobs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Nhanes Iii ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Deficiency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Nonpharmacologic Intervention ◽  
Intervention Trials

Abstract Context Testosterone deficiency prevalence increases with age, comorbidities, and obesity. Objective To inform clinical guidelines for testosterone deficiency management and development of targets for nonpharmacologic intervention trials for these men, we determined serum testosterone in never-smoking, lean men without select comorbidities in nationally representative surveys. Design, Setting, Participants We used cross-sectional data for never-smoking, lean men ≥20 years without diabetes, myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure, stroke, or cancer, without use of hormone-influencing medications, and participated in morning sessions of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (phase I 1988–1991) or continuous NHANES (1999–2004). By age, we determined median total testosterone (ng/mL) measured previously by a Food and Drug Administration-approved immunoassay and median estimated free testosterone concentration. Results In NHANES III, in never-smoking, lean men without comorbidities, median (25th, 75th percentile) testosterone was 4% to 9% higher than all men—20 to 39 years: 6.24 (5.16, 7.51), 40 to 59: 5.37 (3.83, 6.49), and ≥60: 4.61 (4.01, 5.18). In continuous NHANES, in never-smoking, lean men without comorbidities, levels were 13% to 24% higher than all men—20 to 39 years: 6.26 (5.32, 7.27), 40 to 59: 5.86 (4.91, 6.55), and ≥60: 4.22 (3.74, 5.73). In never-smoking, lean men without comorbidities, median estimated free testosterone was similar to (NHANES III) or slightly higher than (continuous NHANES) in all men. Conclusions These nationally representative data document testosterone levels (immunoassay) in never-smoking, lean men without select comorbidities 30 and 15 to 20 years ago. This information can be incorporated into guidelines for testosterone deficiency management and used to develop targets for nonpharmacologic intervention trials for testosterone deficiency.

scholarly journals In men older than 70 years, total testosterone remains stable while free testosterone declines with age. The Health in Men Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 156 (5) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bu B Yeap ◽  
Osvaldo P Almeida ◽  
Zoë Hyde ◽  
Paul E Norman ◽  
S A Paul Chubb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Clinical Consequences

Objective: An age-related decline in serum total and free testosterone concentration may contribute to ill health in men, but limited data are available for men > 70 years of age. We sought to determine the distribution and associations of reduced testosterone concentrations in older men. Design: The Health in Men Study is a community-representative prospective cohort investigation of 4263 men aged ≥ 70 years. Cross-sectional hormone data from 3645 men were analysed. Methods: Early morning sera were assayed for total testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and LH. Free testosterone was calculated using the Vermeulen method. Results: Mean (± s.d.) serum total testosterone was 15.4 ± 5.6 nmol/l (444 ± 162 ng/dl), SHBG 42.4 ± 16.7 nmol/l and free testosterone 278 ± 96 pmol/l (8.01 ± 2.78 ng/dl). Total testosterone correlated with SHBG (Spearman’s r = 0.6, P < 0.0001). LH and SHBG increased with age (r = 0.2, P < 0.0001 for both). Instead of declining, total testosterone increased marginally (r = 0.04, P = 0.007) whilst free testosterone declined with age (r = −0.1, P < 0.0001). Free testosterone was inversely correlated with LH (r = −0.1, P < 0.0001). In multivariate analyses, increasing age, body mass index (BMI) and LH were associated with lower free testosterone. Conclusions: In men aged 70–89 years, modulation of androgen action may occur via an age-related increase in SHBG and reduction in free testosterone without a decline in total testosterone concentration. Increasing age, BMI and LH are independently associated with lower free testosterone. Further investigation would be required to assess the clinical consequences of low serum free testosterone, particularly in older men in whom total testosterone may be preserved.

Functional Hypogonadism and Testosterone Deficiency in Aging Males With and Without HIV-infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nils Postel ◽  
Eva Wolf ◽  
Annamaria Balogh ◽  
Martin Obermeier ◽  
Olaf Degen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Deficiency ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Introduction HIV infection has become a chronic, well-treatable disease and the focus of caretakers has shifted to diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities. Hypogonadism in elderly men with HIV might be of particular relevance, however, little is known about its epidemiology in contrast to non-infected peers and men with other chronic medical conditions, such as type 2 diabetes. This study aimed at comparing the prevalence of testosterone deficiency and functional hypogonadism in men ≥ 50 years in these three groups. Patients and Methods Multi-center, cross-sectional substudy of the German-wide 50/2010 study, including men aged 50 years or older with HIV-infection, type 2 diabetes, and controls. Results Altogether, 322 men were included (mean age: 62 years (SD±7.9)). The prevalence of testosterone deficiency in men living with HIV, type 2 diabetes, and controls was 34.5, 44.9, and 35.0%, respectively; the prevalence of functional hypogonadism was 7.7, 14.3 and 3.5%, respectively. Single-factor ANOVA demonstrated significant differences between the groups for total testosterone (p<0.001), SHBG (p<0.001), as well as for free testosterone concentrations (p=0.006). Comorbidities were, however, most important single factor in multi-factor analysis. Discussion Despite a comparable prevalence of testosterone deficiency, functional hypogonadism was more frequent in men living with HIV when compared to non-infected controls. This was the result of a higher burden of symptoms that might, however, also be secondary to other conditions. Number of comorbidities was a more important factor than belonging to one of the groups.

scholarly journals Normal Reference Ranges of Serum Testosterone and Gonadotropins in Thai Fertile Men: A Cross-sectional Study in a Single Tertiary Center

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thakorn Pruktanakul ◽  
Kittithat Taemkaew ◽  
Tippawan Liabsuetrakul ◽  
Rattana Leelawattana ◽  
Noppadol Kietsiriroje
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
P Value ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Reference ◽  
Normal Ranges ◽  
Tertiary Center

Objective: To identify the normal reference ranges of serum testosterone and gonadotropins in Thai fertile men, compare these levels among different age groups, and assess their relationships with body mass index (BMI). Material and Methods: One hundred and twenty men aged 18-65 years whose wives had conceived within the past year were recruited at Songklanagarind Hospital and stratified into 3 age groups: 18-29, 30-39, and 40-65 years. Serum total testosterone (TT) was measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Bioavailable testosterone (BT) and free testosterone (FT) were calculated using a validated formula. Results: The mean serum TT levels of the 18-29, 30-39, and 40-65 age groups were 520±200, 456±160, and 478±166 nanograms per deciliter (ng/dL), respectively. There were no significant differences in TT levels among the age groups. The overall mean TT was 481±174 ng/dL and the normal TT reference range was 211-970 ng/dL. Both calculated FT and calculated BT significantly decreased in line with increased follicular stimulating hormone with increased age, while luteinizing hormone levels remained similar. BMI had a weakly negative correlation with TT levels (correlation coefficient=-0.33, p-value<0.001) and small correlations with other measures. Conclusion: Normal ranges of serum testosterone and gonadotropins determined in Thai fertile men with various ages are useful as a reference for clinical practice. Serum TT levels which are negatively correlated with BMI should be interpreted cautiously in obese men.

Decrease in serum testosterone concentration during treatment with tetracycline

1983 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Pulkkinen ◽  
J. Mäenpää
Keyword(s):  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Testosterone Concentration ◽  
Tetracycline Treatment ◽  
Cessation Of Treatment

Abstract. Serum concentrations of testosterone and the binding capacity of sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured on 2 days immediately preceding tetracycline treatment, on 3 days of treatment and on 2 days immediately after cessation of treatment. On the treatment days serum mean testosterone concentrations were significantly lower than on the control days (17 ± 0.9 vs 21 ± 0.8 nmol/l, P < 0.01). There were no differences in the SHBG. The 'free testosterone index' behaved like the total testosterone.

scholarly journals Low Serum Testosterone Concentrations Are Associated With Poor Cognitive Performance in Older Men but Not Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Dong ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Suyun Li ◽  
Dongfeng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Older Men ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Nationally Representative

Objective: Current evidence on the association between serum testosterone and cognitive performance has been inconsistent, especially in older adults. To investigate the associations between serum testosterone and cognitive performance in a nationally representative sample of older men and women.Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011–2014. 1,303 men and 1,349 women aged 60 years or older were included in the study. Serum total testosterone was preformed via isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (ID-LC-MS/MS) method. Free testosterone was calculated by Vermeulen’s formula. Cognitive performance was evaluated by the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) test, Animal Fluency test, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Binary logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were applied to evaluate the association of testosterone and cognitive performance.Results: In men, higher concentrations of total testosterone were associated with better performance on CERAD test (OR = 0.51; 95%CI = 0.27–0.95) and DSST (OR = 0.54; 95%CI = 0.30–0.99) in adjusted group. Similarly, higher concentrations of free testosterone were associated with better performance on CERAD test (OR = 0.32; 95%CI = 0.17–0.61) and DSST (OR = 0.41; 95%CI = 0.17–0.96) in men. These associations were not seen in women.Conclusion: Serum testosterone concentrations were inversely associated with cognitive performance in older men but not women in the United States.

scholarly journals Hypogonadism and liver fibrosis in HIV-infected patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Quiros-Roldan ◽  
T. Porcelli ◽  
L. C. Pezzaioli ◽  
M. Degli Antoni ◽  
S. Paghera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction ◽  
Consequent Reduction ◽  
Secondary Hypogonadism ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Purpose Hypogonadism is frequent in HIV-infected men and might impact on metabolic and sexual health. Low testosterone results from either primary testicular damage, secondary hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, or from liver-derived sex-hormone-binding-globulin (SHBG) elevation, with consequent reduction of free testosterone. The relationship between liver fibrosis and hypogonadism in HIV-infected men is unknown. Aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and type of hypogonadism in a cohort of HIV-infected men and its relationship with liver fibrosis. Methods We performed a cross-sectional retrospective study including 107 HIV-infected men (median age 54 years) with hypogonadal symptoms. Based on total testosterone (TT), calculated free testosterone, and luteinizing hormone, five categories were identified: eugonadism, primary, secondary, normogonadotropic and compensated hypogonadism. Estimates of liver fibrosis were performed by aspartate aminotransferase (AST)-to-platelet ratio index (APRI) and Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) scores. Results Hypogonadism was found in 32/107 patients (30.8%), with normogonadotropic (10/107, 9.3%) and compensated (17/107, 15.8%) being the most frequent forms. Patients with secondary/normogonadotropic hypogonadism had higher body mass index (BMI) (p < 0001). Patients with compensated hypogonadism had longer HIV infection duration (p = 0.031), higher APRI (p = 0.035) and FIB-4 scores (p = 0.008), and higher HCV co-infection. Univariate analysis showed a direct significant correlation between APRI and TT (p = 0.006) and SHBG (p = 0.002), and between FIB-4 and SHBG (p = 0.045). Multivariate analysis showed that SHBG was independently associated with both liver fibrosis scores. Conclusion Overt and compensated hypogonadism are frequently observed among HIV-infected men. Whereas obesity is related to secondary hypogonadism, high SHBG levels, related to liver fibrosis degree and HCV co-infection, are responsible for compensated forms.

PS-08-013 Does calculated free testosterone overcome total testosterone in protecting from sexual symptoms impairment? Findings of a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. e135-e136
Author(s):  
W. Cazzaniga ◽  
L. Boeri ◽  
P. Capogrosso ◽  
E. Ventimiglia ◽  
F. Pederzoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Symptoms

scholarly journals Serum High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein and Endogenous Sex Hormones in Diabetic Men

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
Shakir F.T. Al-Aaraji
Keyword(s):  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Dm Type 2 ◽  
Endogenous Sex Hormones

The objective of this cross sectional study was to assess the effect of diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2  in men on endogenous sex hormones: estradiol (E2) and  total testosterone (TT); pituitary gland hormones: follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH)  as well as high sensitive C-Reactive protein (hs-CRP) in men. This study comprised a total of (80) subjects out of which (40) were normal and (40) were diabetic males. The results obtained indicated a significant increasing (p≤ 0.05) of serum hs-CRP and E2 in men with DM type 2 comparison to non-diabetics, while a significant reduction (p≤ 0.05) of  serum testosterone in men with DM type 2 comparison to non-diabetics, and non-significant reduction of serum LH, FSH in men with DM type 2 comparison to non-diabetics were observed. The data from this study show the role of endogenous sex hormones and hs-CRP in diabetes risk. Testosterone levels are partly influenced by insulin resistance, which may represent an important avenue for intervention

scholarly journals Acute hormonal response to sublingual androstenediol intake in young men

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory A. Brown ◽  
Emily R. Martini ◽  
B. Scott Roberts ◽  
Matthew D. Vukovich ◽  
Douglas S. King
Keyword(s):  
Peak Concentration ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Hormonal Response ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Serum Hormone

The effectiveness of orally ingested androstenediol in raising serum testosterone concentrations may be limited because of hepatic breakdown of the ingested androgens. Because androstenediol administered sublingually with cyclodextrin bypasses first-pass hepatic catabolism, we evaluated the acute hormonal response to sublingual cyclodextrin androstenediol supplement in young men. Eight men (22.9 ± 1.2 yr) experienced in strength training consumed either 20 mg androstenediol in a sublingual cyclodextrin tablet (Sl Diol) or placebo (Pl) separated by at least 1 wk in a randomized, double-blind, crossover manner. Blood samples were collected before supplementation and at 30-min intervals for 3 h after supplementation. Serum hormone concentrations did not change with Pl. Serum androstenedione concentrations were increased ( P < 0.05) above baseline (11.2 ± 1.1 nmol/l) with Sl Diol from 60 to 180 min after intake and reached a peak concentration of 25.2 ± 2.9 nmol/l at 120 min. Serum free testosterone concentrations were increased from 86.2 ± 9.1 pmol/l with Sl Diol from 30 to 180 min and reached a peak concentration of 175.4 ± 12.2 pmol/l at 60 min. Serum total testosterone concentrations increased above basal (25.6 ± 2.3 nmol/l) from 30 to 180 min with Sl Diol and reached a peak concentration of 47.9 + 2.9 nmol/l at 60 min. Serum estradiol concentrations were elevated ( P < 0.05) above baseline (0.08 ± 0.01 nmol/l) from 30 to 180 min with Sl Diol and reached 0.14 ± 0.02 nmol/l at 180 min. These data indicate that sublingual cyclodextrin androstenediol intake increases serum androstenedione, free testosterone, total testosterone, and estradiol concentrations.

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