scholarly journals SUN-113 Adipocyte Morphology And Cytokine Gene Expression In Adipose Tissue From Patients Before And After Weight Loss From Bariatric Surgery

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Casimiro ◽  
Jeremy White ◽  
Avelino De Leon ◽  
Erin Hanlon ◽  
Katiannah Moise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Cytokine Gene ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue Inflammation is Not Related to Adipose Insulin Resistance in Humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Elena Espinosa De Ycaza ◽  
Esben Søndergaard ◽  
Maria Morgan-Bathke ◽  
Kelli Lytle ◽  
Danae A. Delivanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Cytokine Gene ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Before And After

The role of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation on AT function in humans is unclear. We tested whether AT macrophage (ATM) content, cytokine gene expression and senescent cell burden (markers of AT inflammation) predict AT insulin resistance measured as the insulin concentration that suppresses lipolysis by 50% (IC<sub>50</sub>). We studied 86 volunteers with normal weight or obesity at baseline, and a subgroup of 25 volunteers with obesity before and after weight loss. There was a strong, positive relationship between IC<sub>50 </sub>and abdominal subcutaneous and femoral fat cell size (FCS). The positive, univariate relationships between IC<sub>50 </sub>and abdominal AT inflammatory markers: CD68, CD14, CD206 ATM/100 adipocytes, senescent cells, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA were not significant after adjustment for FCS. A 10% weight loss significantly reduced IC<sub>50</sub>, however, there was no reduction in adipose ATM content, senescent cells or cytokine gene expression. Our study suggests that commonly used markers of AT inflammation are not causally linked to AT insulin resistance, whereas FCS is a strong predictor of AT insulin resistance with respect to lipolysis.

scholarly journals Adipose Tissue Inflammation is Not Related to Adipose Insulin Resistance in Humans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Elena Espinosa De Ycaza ◽  
Esben Søndergaard ◽  
Maria Morgan-Bathke ◽  
Kelli Lytle ◽  
Danae A. Delivanis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Cytokine Gene ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Before And After

The role of adipose tissue (AT) inflammation on AT function in humans is unclear. We tested whether AT macrophage (ATM) content, cytokine gene expression and senescent cell burden (markers of AT inflammation) predict AT insulin resistance measured as the insulin concentration that suppresses lipolysis by 50% (IC<sub>50</sub>). We studied 86 volunteers with normal weight or obesity at baseline, and a subgroup of 25 volunteers with obesity before and after weight loss. There was a strong, positive relationship between IC<sub>50 </sub>and abdominal subcutaneous and femoral fat cell size (FCS). The positive, univariate relationships between IC<sub>50 </sub>and abdominal AT inflammatory markers: CD68, CD14, CD206 ATM/100 adipocytes, senescent cells, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA were not significant after adjustment for FCS. A 10% weight loss significantly reduced IC<sub>50</sub>, however, there was no reduction in adipose ATM content, senescent cells or cytokine gene expression. Our study suggests that commonly used markers of AT inflammation are not causally linked to AT insulin resistance, whereas FCS is a strong predictor of AT insulin resistance with respect to lipolysis.

scholarly journals Adipose Inflammation in Obesity: Relationship With Circulating Levels of Inflammatory Markers and Association With Surgery-Induced Weight Loss

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. E53-E61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Lasselin ◽  
Eric Magne ◽  
Cédric Beau ◽  
Patrick Ledaguenel ◽  
Sandra Dexpert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Adipose Inflammation ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Context: The inflammatory state of the adipose tissue is believed to contribute to systemic low-grade inflammation in obesity. Objective: This study assessed the relationship between adipose and circulating inflammatory markers as well as the influence of adipose inflammation on bariatric surgery-induced weight reduction. Design: This was a cross-sectional and longitudinal study (up to 14 mo). Setting: The study was conducted in the digestive/bariatric surgery department of the Tivoli and Jean Villar clinics, Bordeaux, France. Patients: Thirty-seven obese patients [body mass index (BMI) &gt; 35–40 kg/m2)] seeking bariatric surgery were included. Twenty-eight of them were successively followed up at 1–3 months after surgery and 25 between 6 and 14 months after surgery. Main Outcome Measures: Fasting serum samples were collected before surgery to assess concentrations of inflammatory markers. Samples of visceral adipose tissue were extracted during surgery and gene expression of cytokines and immune cell markers were evaluated using quantitative RT-PCR. Pre- and postsurgery weight and BMI were collected. Results: Gene expression of several cytokines were strongly intercorrelated in the visceral adipose tissue. Adipose expression of macrophage and T cell markers were related to adipose expression of TNF-α and IL-1 receptor antagonist (P &lt; .01) and to systemic levels of TNF-α (P &lt; .01) and IL-6 (P &lt; .05). A higher inflammatory state of the adipose tissue predicted a lower BMI reduction after surgery (P &lt; .05), notably at early stages after surgery. Conclusions: These findings support the involvement of macrophages and T cells in adipose inflammation and provide new information regarding the role of the visceral adipose tissue in the inflammatory state of obesity and its impact on obesity treatment outcomes, such as surgery-induced weight loss.

scholarly journals Regulation of cytokine gene expression by orosomucoid in neonatal swine adipose tissue

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy G. Ramsay ◽  
Margo J. Stoll ◽  
Le Ann Blomberg ◽  
Thomas J. Caperna
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Cytokine Gene

Abdominal adipose tissue cytokine gene expression: relationship to obesity and metabolic risk factors

2005 ◽  
Vol 288 (4) ◽  
pp. E741-E747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongjian You ◽  
Rongze Yang ◽  
Mary F. Lyles ◽  
Dawei Gong ◽  
Barbara J. Nicklas
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Adiponectin Gene ◽  
Cytokine Gene ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Adipose tissue is a major source of inflammatory and thrombotic cytokines. This study investigated the relationship of abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue cytokine gene expression to body composition, fat distribution, and metabolic risk during obesity. We determined body composition, abdominal fat distribution, plasma lipids, and abdominal subcutaneous fat gene expression of leptin, TNF-α, IL-6, PAI-1, and adiponectin in 20 obese, middle-aged women (BMI, 32.7 ± 0.8 kg/m2; age, 57 ± 1 yr). A subset of these women without diabetes ( n = 15) also underwent an OGTT. In all women, visceral fat volume was negatively related to leptin ( r = −0.46, P < 0.05) and tended to be negatively related to adiponectin ( r = −0.38, P = 0.09) gene expression. Among the nondiabetic women, fasting insulin ( r = 0.69, P < 0.01), 2-h insulin ( r = 0.56, P < 0.05), and HOMA index ( r = 0.59, P < 0.05) correlated positively with TNF-α gene expression; fasting insulin ( r = 0.54, P < 0.05) was positively related to, and 2-h insulin ( r = 0.49, P = 0.06) tended to be positively related to, IL-6 gene expression; and glucose area ( r = −0.56, P < 0.05) was negatively related to, and insulin area ( r = −0.49, P = 0.06) tended to be negatively related to, adiponectin gene expression. Also, adiponectin gene expression was significantly lower in women with vs. without the metabolic syndrome (adiponectin-β-actin ratio, 2.26 ± 0.46 vs. 3.31 ± 0.33, P < 0.05). We conclude that abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue expression of inflammatory cytokines is a potential mechanism linking obesity with its metabolic comorbidities.

scholarly journals Bariatric surgery can acutely modulate ER-stress and inflammation on subcutaneous adipose tissue in non-diabetic patients with obesity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ferraz-Bannitz ◽  
Caroline Rossi Welendorf ◽  
Priscila Oliveira Coelho ◽  
Wilson Salgado ◽  
Carla Barbosa Nonino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery, especially Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is the most effective and durable treatment option for population with severe obesity. The mechanisms involving adipose tissue may be important to explain the effects of surgery. Methods We aimed to identify the genetic signatures of adipose tissue in patients undergoing RYGB. We evaluated 13 obese, non-diabetic patients (mean age 37 years, 100% women, Body mass index (BMI) 42.2 kg/m2) one day before surgery, 3 and 6 months (M) after RYGB. Results Analysis of gene expression in adipose tissue collected at surgery compared with samples collected at 3M and 6M Post-RYGB showed that interleukins (Interleukin 6, Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP1)) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) genes (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) and Calreticulin (CALR)) decreased during the follow-up (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Otherwise, genes involved in energy homeostasis (Adiponectin and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)), cellular response to oxidative stress (Sirtuin 1, Sirtuin 3, and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)), mitochondrial biogenesis (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α)) and amino acids metabolism (General control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2)) increased from baseline to all other time points evaluated (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Also, expression of Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARϒ) (adipogenesis regulation) was significantly decreased after RYGB (P < 0.05) We also observed a strong positive correlation between PGC1α, SIRT1 and AMPK with BMI at 3M (P ≤ 0.01 for all) and ADIPOQ and SIRT1 with BMI at 6M (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that weight loss is associated with amelioration of inflammation and ERS and increased protection against oxidative stress in adipose tissue. These observations are strongly correlated with a decrease in BMI and essential genes that control cellular energy homeostasis, suggesting an adaptive process on a gene expression level during the caloric restriction and weight loss period after RYGB.

scholarly journals Gene expression profile of CD14+ blood monocytes following lifestyle-induced weight loss in individuals with metabolic syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Biemann ◽  
Kirsten Roomp ◽  
Fozia Noor ◽  
Shruthi Krishnan ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Blood Monocytes ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

Abstract Lifestyle-induced weight loss is regarded as an efficient therapy to reverse metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to prevent disease progression. The objective of this study was to investigate whether lifestyle-induced weight loss modulates gene expression in circulating monocytes. We analyzed and compared gene expression in monocytes (CD14+ cells) and subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies by unbiased mRNA profiling. Samples were obtained before and after diet-induced weight loss in well-defined male individuals in a prospective controlled clinical trial (ICTRP Trial Number: U1111-1158-3672). The BMI declined significantly (− 12.6%) in the treatment arm (N = 39) during the 6-month weight loss intervention. This was associated with a significant reduction in hsCRP (− 45.84%) and circulating CD14+ cells (− 21.0%). Four genes were differentially expressed (DEG’s) in CD14+ cells following weight loss (ZRANB1, RNF25, RB1CC1 and KMT2C). Comparative analyses of paired CD14+ monocytes and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples before and after weight loss did not identify common genes differentially regulated in both sample types. Lifestyle-induced weight loss is associated with specific changes in gene expression in circulating CD14+ monocytes, which may affect ubiquitination, histone methylation and autophagy.

scholarly journals Bariatric surgery can acutely modulate ER-stress and inflammation on subcutaneous adipose tissue in non-diabetic patients with obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ferraz-Bannitz ◽  
Caroline Rossi Welendorf ◽  
Priscila Oliveira Coelho ◽  
Wilson Salgado ◽  
Carla Barbosa Nonino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

Abstract Background Bariatric surgery, especially Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), is the most effective and durable treatment option for severe obesity. The mechanisms involving adipose tissue may be important to explain the effects of surgery. Methods We aimed to identify the genetic signatures of adipose tissue in patients undergoing RYGB. We evaluated 13 obese, non-diabetic patients (mean age 37 years, 100% women, Body mass index (BMI) 42.2 kg/m2) one day before surgery, 3 and 6 months (M) after RYGB. Results Analysis of gene expression in adipose tissue collected at surgery compared with samples collected at 3 M and 6 M Post-RYGB showed that interleukins [Interleukin 6, Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP1)] and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) genes [Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) and Calreticulin (CALR)] decreased during the follow-up (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Otherwise, genes involved in energy homeostasis [Adiponectin and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)], cellular response to oxidative stress [Sirtuin 1, Sirtuin 3, and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)], mitochondrial biogenesis [Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α)] and amino acids metabolism [General control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2)] increased from baseline to all other time points evaluated (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Also, expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARϒ) (adipogenesis regulation) was significantly decreased after RYGB (P < 0.05). Additionally, we observed that PGC1α, SIRT1 and AMPK strongly correlated to BMI at 3 M (P ≤ 0.01 for all), as well as ADIPOQ and SIRT1 to BMI at 6 M (P ≤ 0.01 for all). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that weight loss is associated with amelioration of inflammation and ERS and increased protection against oxidative stress in adipose tissue. These observations are strongly correlated with a decrease in BMI and essential genes that control cellular energy homeostasis, suggesting an adaptive process on a gene expression level during the caloric restriction and weight loss period after RYGB. Trial registration CAAE: 73,585,317.0.0000.5440

scholarly journals Bariatric surgery can acutely modulate ER-stress and inflammation on subcutaneous adipose tissue in non-diabetic patients with obesity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Ferraz-Bannitz ◽  
Caroline Rossi Welendorf ◽  
Priscila Oliveira Coelho ◽  
Wilson Salgado ◽  
Carla Barbosa Nonino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor

Abstract Background: Bariatric surgery, especially Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), is the most effective and durable treatment option for severe obesity. The mechanisms involving adipose tissue may be important to explain the effects of surgery.Methods: We aimed to identify the genetic signatures of adipose tissue in patients undergoing RYGB. We evaluated 13 obese, non-diabetic patients (mean age 37 years, 100% women, Body mass index (BMI) 42.2 kg/m2) one day before surgery, 3 and 6 months (M) after RYGB.Results: Analysis of gene expression in adipose tissue collected at surgery compared with samples collected at 3M and 6M Post-RYGB showed that interleukins (Interleukin 6, Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP1)) and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) genes (Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha kinase 3 (EIF2AK3) and Calreticulin (CALR)) decreased during the follow-up (P≤0.01 for all). Otherwise, genes involved in energy homeostasis (Adiponectin and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)), cellular response to oxidative stress (Sirtuin 1, Sirtuin 3, and Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)), mitochondrial biogenesis (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α)) and amino acids metabolism (General control nonderepressible 2 (GCN2)) increased from baseline to all other time points evaluated (P≤0.01 for all). Also, expression of Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARϒ) (adipogenesis regulation) was significantly decreased after RYGB (P<0.05). Additionally, we observed that PGC1α, SIRT1 and AMPK strongly correlated to BMI at 3M (P≤0.01 for all), as well as ADIPOQ and SIRT1 to BMI at 6M (P≤0.01 for all).Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that weight loss is associated with amelioration of inflammation and ERS and increased protection against oxidative stress in adipose tissue. These observations are strongly correlated with a decrease in BMI and essential genes that control cellular energy homeostasis, suggesting an adaptive process on a gene expression level during the caloric restriction and weight loss period after RYGB.Trial registration: CAAE: 73585317.0.0000.5440

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