scholarly journals Concussion history and career status influence sports concussion assessment tool (SCAT-3) performance in elite football players

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (23 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S5.3-S6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittani Cookinham ◽  
Chad Swank
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Sports Concussion ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Career Status

ObjectiveTo determine if concussion history and career status influences baseline Sports Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT-3) performance in elite football players.Design/methodsFifty-seven elite football players (age 29.39 ± 7.49 years) categorized by career status (draft prospects, active professional players and retired professional players) underwent SCAT-3 assessments. The SCAT-3 was administered in accordance to published recommendations.14 To examine our primary purpose, participants were placed into either a low concussion history (0–1 concussions) or multiple concussion history (2 + concussions) group. A Mann-Whitney U test was used to examine the differences of concussion history on SCAT-3 total symptoms, total symptom severity, SAC total scores, and m-BESS balance scores. To examine our secondary purpose, a Kruskal-Wallis test and a post-hoc analysis was used to analyze differences between career status categories.ResultsAt baseline, common baseline symptoms were: fatigue (45.6%), trouble falling asleep (35.1%), difficulty remembering (33.3%) and irritability (22.8%); 36.8% reported no symptoms. The low concussion (0–1) group reported fewer symptoms (U = 608.50, p = 0.001), less symptom severity (U = 598.00, p = 0.001), and produced greater scores on the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) total scores compared to the multiple concussion (2+) group (U = 253.00, p = 0.024), but no differences were observed on modified Balance Error Scoring System (m-BESS) scores (U = 501.50, p = 0.066) on the Mann-Whitney U test. The Kruskal-Wallis Test and post-hoc analysis indicated retired players were significantly different from draft prospects and current professional players for total symptom scores (p < 0.001), total symptom severity (p < 0.001), SAC total scores (p = 0.030), and m-BESS (p < 0.001).ConclusionsConcussion history and career status appear to influence performance on the SCAT-3 in elite football players. With this in mind, future research is recommended to determine normative scores on the SCAT-3 for elite football players.

scholarly journals Concussion History and Career Status Influence Performance on Baseline Assessments in Elite Football Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264
Author(s):  
Brittani Cookinham ◽  
Chad Swank
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Longitudinal Impact ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Career Status

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if concussion history and career status is associated with neurocognitive performance in elite football players.MethodsThe study design was a cross-sectional single assessment. Fifty-seven elite football players (age 29.39 ± 7.49 years) categorized as draft prospects, active professional players, and retired professional players were assessed on the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool – third edition (SCAT-3), in an outpatient therapy setting.ResultsCommon symptoms were the following: fatigue (45.6%), trouble falling asleep (35.1%), difficulty remembering (33.3%) and irritability (22.8%); 36.8% reported no symptoms. The low concussion (0–1) group reported fewer symptoms (U = 608.50, p &lt; .001), less symptom severity (U = 598.00, p = −.001), and produced greater scores on the Standardized Assessment of Concussion (SAC) total scores compared to the multiple concussion (2+) group (U = 253.00, p = .024), but no differences were observed on modified Balance Error Scoring System (m-BESS) scores (U = 501.50, p = .066) on the Mann–Whitney U test. The Kruskal–Wallis test and post-hoc analysis indicated retired players were significantly different from draft prospects and current professional players for total symptom scores (p &lt; .001), total symptom severity (p &lt; .001), SAC total scores (p = .030), and m-BESS (p &lt; .001).ConclusionsConcussion history and career status appear associated with total symptoms, symptom severity, performance on the SAC, and the m-BESS in elite football players. With this in mind, future research is recommended to determine longitudinal impact for elite football players.

scholarly journals Concussion History, Career Status and Cumulative Years of Football Exposure Influence Concussion Assessment Performance in Elite Football Players

Neurology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 93 (14 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S17.3-S18
Author(s):  
Brittani Cookinham ◽  
Chad Swank ◽  
Mark Weber ◽  
Ann Medley ◽  
Kelli Brizzolara
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Negative Binomial Regression ◽  
Neurocognitive Function ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Concussion History ◽  
Assessment Performance ◽  
Career Status

ObjectiveTo explore relationship of concussion history, career status, and cumulative years of contact football exposure on total symptoms, symptom severity, neurocognitive function, and balance in elite football players.Background61% of retired football players report sustaining a concussion during their professional career. However, the influence of concussion history, career status and cumulative years played on total symptoms, symptom severity, neurocognitive function, and balance is largely unexplored.Design/MethodsElite football players (n = 102; age M = 27.75 ± 6.95 years) without a concussion (>30 days) underwent SCAT-3 assessments. Players were placed into a low (0–1) or multiple concussion (2+) history group and categorized by career status (draft prospects, active professional players and retired professional players). Data were analyzed using negative binomial regression and multiple linear regression analyses.Results58.8% of players reported symptoms. Most common symptoms were fatigue (33.3%), trouble falling asleep (31.4%), difficulty remembering (29.4%), and difficulty concentrating (20.6%). Multiple concussions group reported 3.07 times greater total symptoms (p < 0.001), 3.58 times higher symptom severity (p < 0.001), and lower SAC scores (1.42 points) (p = 0.033) compared to low concussion group. Professionals reported 1.88 times greater total symptoms (p = .038) and 2.35 times higher symptom severity compared to draft prospects (p = 0.001). Retired players reported 7.07 times greater total symptoms (p < 0.001), 8.97 times higher symptom severity (p < 0.001), lower SAC scores (1.98 points) (p = 0.025), and 3.67 more m-BESS errors (p = 0.002), compared to draft prospects. Players with 11–19 years football exposure reported 3.83 times higher symptom severity compared to players with <11 years football exposure (p = 0.001). Players with >19 years football exposure had 6.87 times higher symptom severity than players with <11 years football exposure (p < .001).ConclusionsRetired players with multiple concussions and 19+ years of contact football exposure are likely to have more symptoms, higher symptom severity, and lower neurocognitive scores.

scholarly journals Extrinsic Rewards, Occupational Commitment, Career Entrenchment and Career Satisfaction of Dentists

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakshi Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Career Satisfaction ◽  
Occupational Commitment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extrinsic Rewards ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Dental Profession ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
One Way Anova

Information concerning occupational commitment and career satisfaction of dentists in India is incomplete. Satisfaction of dentists with their profession and commitment towards the profession are important determinants of the future of the dental profession. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between extrinsic rewards and career entrenchment and occupational commitment of dentists. The study also measured the effect of career entrenchment and occupational commitment on career satisfaction of dentists. Data were collected from 85 dentists of two private dental hospitals of Udaipur city, India. Of the total respondents percent (n=48) 56 per cent were male and 44 per cent (n=37) were female. The age of the respondents ranged from 23 to 56 years. 54 per cent of the respondents were employed in their current jobs for less than 10 years and 46 were in the same job for more than 10 years. The data thus collected was analyzed with the help of SPSS 21 using descriptive (mean, standard deviation, percentiles) and inferential statistics (one way ANOVA, post hoc analysis, correlation and multiple regression). The study revealed significant relationship between extrinsic rewards and career entrenchment and affective commitment of dentists. Furthermore, career entrenchment and occupational commitment were found to be significant predictors of career satisfaction. The study puts forward some suggestion for future research in this area.

The Evaluation of Joint Mobilization Dosage on Ankle Range of Motion in Individuals With Decreased Dorsiflexion and a History of Ankle Sprain

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. Meyer ◽  
Matthew J. Rivera ◽  
Cameron J. Powden
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Ankle Sprain ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Lower Extremity Injury ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Single Data ◽  
Post Hoc

Context: Mulligan’s Mobilization with Movement (MWM) is a common intervention used to address dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) impairments. However, the treatment dosage of MWMs varies within the literature. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of serial MWM application on DFROM. Design: Repeated-measures cohort. Setting: A Midwestern University and the surrounding community. Participants: A total of 18 adults (13 females; age = 29 [12.87] y; DFROM = 30.26° [4.60°]) with decrease dorsiflexion (<40°) participated. Inclusion criteria consisted of a history of ≥1 ankle sprain, ≥18 years old, no lower-extremity injury in the last 6 months, and no history of foot/ankle surgery. Intervention: Participants completed a single data collection session consisting of 10 individual sets of MWMs. Main Outcome Measures: DFROM was taken at baseline and immediately after each intervention set (post 1, post 2, … post 10). DFROM was measured with a digital inclinometer on the anterior aspect of the tibia during the weight-bearing lunge test with the knee straight and knee bent. Analysis of variances examined DFROM changes over time. Post hoc analysis evaluated sequential pairwise comparisons and changes from baseline at each time point. Results: Analysis of variance results indicated a significant time main effect for weight-bearing lunge test with knee bent (P < .001) and a nonsignificant effect for weight-bearing lunge test with knee straight (P < .924). Post hoc analysis indicated improvements in the weight-bearing lunge test with knee bent at each timepoint compared with baseline (P < .005). Post 2 improved compared with post 1 (P = .027). No other pairwise sequential comparisons were significant (P > .417). Conclusions: MWMs significantly improved acute knee bent DFROM and indicated that after 2 sets of MWMs, no further DFROM improvements were identified. Future research should investigate the lasting effects of DFROM improvements with variable MWM dosages.

scholarly journals S0469 Linaclotide Improves Abdominal Symptoms Regardless of Baseline IBS Symptom Severity: A Post-Hoc Analysis of a Phase 3b Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. S235-S236
Author(s):  
Gregory S. Sayuk ◽  
Lin Chang ◽  
Wilmin Bartolini ◽  
Ella Li ◽  
Susan Fox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Post Hoc

scholarly journals Aloe barbadensis Mill. extract improves symptoms in IBS patients with diarrhoea: post hoc analysis of two randomized double-blind controlled studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175628482110481
Author(s):  
Bani Ahluwalia ◽  
Maria K. Magnusson ◽  
Lena Böhn ◽  
Stine Störsrud ◽  
Fredrik Larsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Effective Treatment Option ◽  
Aloe Barbadensis ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Subgroup Analyses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Post Hoc

Background: Aloe barbadensis Mill. (Aloe) extract was found to be well-tolerated, safe and showed beneficial effects in subsets of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients in two randomized, double-blind, controlled studies. However, the individual studies were underpowered to perform subgroup analyses. We therefore determined the effect of Aloe extract in IBS subgroups in a post hoc analysis combining the results from the two studies. Methods: Data from the two controlled studies comparing Aloe and control treatment taken orally for 4 weeks, were pooled. Both studies included IBS patients fulfilling the ROME III criteria and IBS Symptom Severity Score (IBS-SSS) was assessed. We analysed the effect of Aloe extract on IBS symptom severity and the proportion of responders (IBS-SSS reduction ⩾ 50) in IBS subgroups. Results: In total, 213 IBS patients were included in the post hoc subgroup analyses. A reduction in overall symptom severity, primarily driven by effect on pain severity and frequency, comparing baseline versus end of treatment, was recorded in IBS patients with diarrhoea (IBS-D) receiving Aloe ( n = 38, p < 0.001) but not control treatment ( n = 33, p = 0.33), with difference between the treatment groups ( p = 0.01). Moreover, the frequency of responders was higher in IBS-D patients receiving Aloe ( n = 22, 58%) compared to control treatment ( n = 10, 30%) ( p = 0.02). The effect of Aloe extract treatment on IBS symptom severity was not superior to control treatment in the other IBS subtypes. Conclusion: Aloe extract improves symptom severity in IBS-D patients and can be regarded as a safe and effective treatment option for this patient group.

scholarly journals Video Lectures in Online Graduate Education: Relationship between Use of Lectures and Outcome Measures

10.28945/2115 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Reinecke ◽  
Lori Finn
Keyword(s):  
Online Teaching ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Video Lectures ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Over Time

The present study is a post-hoc analysis of data automatically recorded by an online teaching platform in a graduate course in research methods. The course is part of a sequence that is delivered completely online in a program preparing students to become Board Certified Behavior Analysts. Data analyzed included frequency of access to video lectures and PowerPoint slides (PPTs) across each week of the course, and how access related to final grades in the course. The general conclusion was that higher grades were associated with greater frequency of access to video lectures and PPTs, although students who earned As and Bs tended to access these materials with gradually less frequency over time. Conversely, students who earned Cs or lower tended to access materials more frequently over time. Overall, students who earned As were more likely to employ a consistent pattern of access than students who earned lower grades. Limitations of the current project include a small sample size, skewed grade distribution, and a post hoc analysis of data instead of an experimental manipulation. Suggestions for future research are discussed.

Fibromyalgia Symptom Severity and Psychosocial Outcomes in Fibromyalgia Patients with Hypovitaminosis D: A Prospective Questionnaire Study

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 3470-3478
Author(s):  
Ryan S D’Souza ◽  
Ge Lin ◽  
Terry Oh ◽  
Ann Vincent ◽  
Vwaire Orhurhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Post Hoc Analysis ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Post Hoc

Abstract Objective To evaluate the association between hypovitaminosis D and outcomes of symptom severity, mood disorders, fatigue, and quality of life in fibromyalgia (FM) patients. Methods Five hundred ninety-three FM patients were surveyed from May 2012 to November 2013. Patients with serum vitamin D &lt;25 ng/mL were considered to have hypovitaminosis D. The primary outcome was FM symptom severity (FIQ-R questionnaire). Secondary outcomes included quality of life (SF-36), fatigue (MFI-20), anxiety (GAD-7), and depression (PHQ-9). Independent t tests and chi-square tests were performed for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Regression analysis was performed adjusting for age, gender, body mass index, ethnicity, and season. A post hoc analysis examined for correlation between outcomes and serum vitamin D (ng/mL) as a continuous variable. Results One hundred twenty-two patients (20.6%) had hypovitaminosis D. In our adjusted regression analysis, the total FIQ-R score in patients with hypovitaminosis D was higher compared with control patients with adequate serum vitamin D (57.85 ± 18.09 vs 62.79 ± 18.10, P = 0.04). Adjusted regression analysis revealed higher total GAD-7 (P = 0.01) and higher total PHQ-9 scores (P = 0.04) in patients with hypovitaminosis D compared with control patients. There were no differences based on severity of depression or anxiety. No differences in fatigue or quality of life were identified. Unadjusted post hoc analysis revealed that as serum vitamin D increased, there was an association with lower total FIQ-R (β coefficient = –0.11, P = 0.02) and lower SF-36 subscale scores of role-physical (β coefficient = –0.10, P = 0.03). Adjusted post hoc analysis revealed no significant associations. Conclusions Hypovitaminosis D may be a risk factor for worse symptom severity, anxiety, and depression in FM patients.

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