The effect of stress and burnout levels of employees on their occupational commitment during the covid-19 pandemic process: Aviation industry example

We are faced with an epidemic that has never spread to such a large area in the world. After the Covid-19 pandemic, which affected the whole world and all sectors, people's struggle for life increased, and the psychological pressures of the pandemic deeply affected everyone. People worked from their homes during the first pandemic period, but when they switched to face-to-face work, the risk factor of contracting the disease emerged. In this context, the aim of our research is to examine the personal and institutional effects of stress, burnout syndrome due to stress, and as a result of this, their professional commitment when it comes to the situation of being in the same environment with covid-19 positive or covid-19 contacts. The research was conducted using the questionnaire technique, one of the quantitative research methods. 56 female and 70 male employees participated in the study and it was determined that there was no deficiency in the data obtained from these people and all of them were used. As a result of the studies, it has been determined that the effect of the Covid-19 process on the employees is a significant difference in terms of stress and burnout syndrome, but there is no significant difference in terms of professional commitment. With the development of technology and the deterioration of nature, it is thought that measures will be taken to prevent the stress and burnout levels of aviation group employees from increasing by considering these and similar studies in the next epidemics or large-scale crisis situations. ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. Özet Dünya üzerinde hiç bu kadar büyük alana yayılmamış olan bir salgınla karşı karşıya kalmış bulunmaktayız. Tüm dünyanın ve tüm sektörlerin etkilendiği Covid-19 pandemisi sonrası insanların hayat mücadelesi daha da artmış, pandeminin psikolojik baskıları herkesi derinden etkilemiştir. İnsanlar ilk pandemi döneminde evlerinden çalışmış ancak sonra yüz yüze çalışmaya geçildiğinde hastalığa yakalanma riski faktörü ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bağlamda araştırmamızın amacı havacılık grubu çalışanlarının, covid-19 pozitif ya da covid-19 temaslı olan kişilerle aynı ortamda bulunma durumu söz konusu olduğunda stres, strese bağlı olarak tükenmişlik sendromu ve bunların sonucunda mesleki bağlılıkları ile ilgili kişisel ve kurumsal etkilerini inceleyerek çalışma yapılmasıdır. Araştırma nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden anket tekniği kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya 56 kadın ve 70 erkek çalışan katılmış olup bu kişilerden elde edilen verilerde eksiklik olmadığı saptanmış ve tamamı kullanılmıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda Covid-19 sürecinin çalışanlara etkisinin stres ve tükenmişlik sendromu açısından bakıldığında anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu, mesleki bağlılık anlamda bakıldığında anlamlı bir farklılık olmadığı saptanmıştır. Teknolojinin gelişmesiyle ve doğanın bozulmasıyla beraber gelebilecek olan sonraki salgınlarda ya da büyük çaplı kriz durumlarında bu ve benzeri çalışmalar göz önüne alınarak, havacılık grubu çalışanlarının stres ve tükenmişlik düzeylerinin artmaması için önlemler alına bilineceği düşünülmektedir.

An empirical investigation of the professional identification of sales managers and their ethical intentions

Purpose The purpose of this study is to show how senior management can create work environments conducive to ethical behavior in organizations through the use of sales managers’ professionalism and professional identification. The study also aims to demonstrate the influence of professional identification in occupations other than those requiring certification. Design/methodology/approach This study conceptualizes and tests a model using data collected from a survey panel of 350 sales managers. To test the hypotheses, this study makes use of covariance structured analysis. Findings The results demonstrate the importance of developing sales managers’ professionalism as an antecedent to professional identification. The findings also show professional identification positively affects professional ethical values, work-related norms and occupational commitment. This study finds that work-related norms moderate the relationship between professional ethical values and ethical intentions and directly and positively influence ethical intentions. Research limitations/implications This study used a panel sampling technique and these findings cannot be generalized to other populations. This study recommends that this study is replicated not only with sales managers but also with other categories of marketers. This study also highlights that more work using methods such as longitudinal panel data and experimentation is required to validate the current findings. Practical implications The findings are of particular interest to senior managers and managers of professional associations, as well as other sales practitioners. Because ethical intentions are affected by work-related norms and from an interaction between work-related norms and professional ethical values, senior managers need to ensure both the work activities in which their staff are involved and the professional ethical values of their employees contribute to appropriate ethical intentions. Originality/value This study introduces professional identification into the sales ethics literature and theorize relationships among the professionalism of sales managers and their professional identification, work-related norms, professional ethical values, occupational commitment and ethical intentions. This study empirically measures the professionalism of sales managers.

The relationship between employer image and employee commitment in family-run hospitality firms

Purpose Among all forms of commitment, affective commitment has been shown to be the most desirable for enterprises. However, research on commitment among employees in family-run businesses in the hospitality industry is scant. To address this gap, this study aims to analyze the impact of employer image components on hospitality employees’ affective occupational commitment within family-run businesses. As one can assume specific employer image aspects when studying family-run businesses, this paper expects to achieve a better understanding of the relationship between employer image and employee commitment in this context. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts the employer image framework of Baum and Kabst (2013), emphasizing that in addition to considering potential employees, the commitment of current employees needs to be assessed. Convenience sampling is used to obtain a sample from the target population (Tyrolean hospitality and gastronomy employees) from June to September 2018. Multiple linear regression analysis is applied to test the influence of individual employer image constituents on employees’ affective occupational commitment. Findings Among the five components of the employer image framework applied here, working atmosphere, task attractiveness and payment attractiveness show a significant influence on employees’ affective occupational commitment. Originality/value This study connects an existing employer image model to employee commitment within the hospitality industry. The findings suggest that the model is applicable to current employees as a key stakeholder group and shows the utility of employer image theory in connection with employee commitment.

Examining the dimensionality of pre-service teachers’ enthusiasm for teaching by combining frameworks of educational science and organizational psychology

The aim of this study was to obtain a holistic understanding of pre-service teachers’ enthusiasm for teaching (a subject) by examining its structure as well as relevant factors that may be related to it in the first phase of teacher education. For this purpose, we considered two strands of research: educational science and organizational psychology. Accordingly, the professional competence model and the job demands and resources model helped to identify factors that are associated with pre-service teachers’ enthusiasm for teaching. Responses of 211 pre-service biology teachers indicated that enthusiasm for teaching can be considered as one-dimensional. Moreover, we found positive relationships between enthusiasm for teaching and academic self-concept, intrinsic career choice motives and occupational commitment. In contrast, we detected negative relations between enthusiasm for teaching and both emotional exhaustion and intention to quit. No significant relations could be found for enthusiasm for teaching and both professional knowledge and extrinsic career choice motives. Our findings highlight the importance of enthusiasm for teaching in the earliest stage of teachers’ careers. Thus, our study points out relevant factors that could help to maintain high enthusiasm and to keep (pre-service) teachers healthy and in the profession.