“Printed follyes”: Mountebanks and the Performance of Ambivalence within the Archive

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-531
Author(s):  
Sarah Mayo
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Regulatory Authorities

This article analyzes the ability of archival resources to make the especially transient and unstable performances of early modern mountebanks accessible and meaningful for performance studies research. Because mountebanks were itinerant performers and medical practitioners whose multiple roles challenged regulatory authorities and generated few lasting records, this article argues that mountebank performances may be best recovered and accessed by approaching the available archival materials not as records of fact, but of function. Documents like handbills associated with mountebanks were, after all, functional, inviting their readers to witness performances and test medical services. Self-authored documents like bills as well as representational and fictional texts replicate and reenact performative strategies attributed to mountebanks, namely, the cultivation of ambivalent rhetoric and compulsion to independent judgment of truth.

scholarly journals Cultural History, Ritual and Performance: George L. Mosse in Context

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200942094003
Author(s):  
Peter Burke
Keyword(s):  
Political Culture ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Performance Studies ◽  
Early Modern Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Modern Europe ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cultural Turn

George L. Mosse took a ‘cultural turn’ in the latter part of his career, but still early enough to make a pioneering contribution to the study of political culture and in particular what he called political ‘liturgy’, including marches, processions, and practices of commemoration. He adapted to the study of nationalism in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries the approach to the history of ritual developed by historians of medieval and early modern Europe, among them his friend Ernst Kantorowicz. More recently, the concept of ritual, whether religious or secular, has been criticized by some cultural historians on the grounds that it implies a fixed ‘script’ in situations that were actually marked by fluidity and improvisation. In this respect cultural historians have been part of a wider trend that includes sociologists and anthropologists as well as theatre scholars and has been institutionalized as Performance Studies. Some recent studies of contemporary nationalism in Tanzania, Venezuela and elsewhere have adopted this perspective, emphasizing that the same performance may have different meanings for different sections of the audience. It is only to be regretted that Mosse did not live long enough to respond to these studies and that their authors seem unaware of his work.

scholarly journals Diocesan Licensing and Medical Practitioners in South-West England, 1660–1780

2004 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Mortimer
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Expertise ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Decentralized Trade ◽  
South West ◽  
The Many ◽  
South West England

The licensing of provincial surgeons and physicians in the post-Restoration period has proved an awkward subject for medical historians. It has divided writers between those who regard the possession of a local licence as a mark of professionalism or proficiency, those who see the existence of diocesan licences as a mark of an essentially unregulated and decentralized trade, and those who discount the distinction of licensing in assessing medical expertise availability in a given region. Such a diversity of interpretations has meant that the very descriptors by which practitioners were known to their contemporaries (and are referred to by historians) have become fragmented and difficult to use without a specific context. As David Harley has pointed out in his study of licensed physicians in the north-west of England, “historians often define eighteenth-century physicians as men with medical degrees, thus ignoring … the many licensed physicians throughout the country”. One could similarly draw attention to the inadequacy of the word “surgeon” to cover licensed and unlicensed practitioners, barber-surgeons, Company members in towns, self-taught practitioners using surgical manuals, and procedural specialists whose work came under the umbrella of surgery, such as bonesetters, midwives and phlebotomists. Although such fragmentation of meaning reflects a diversity of practices carried on under the same occupational descriptors in early modern England, the result is an imprecise historical literature in which the importance of licensing, and especially local licensing, is either ignored as a delimiter or viewed as an inaccurate gauge of medical proficiency.

scholarly journals Somebody and Nobody: the Authorial Identity of the Player-Playwright-Poet in the Early Modern Theatre

Authorship ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Archdeacon
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Authorial Identity ◽  
Early Modern Theatre ◽  
London Stage

This paper focusses on a particular moment at the beginning of the seventeenth century which has been considered to be transitional in terms of how the profession of playwright was perceived. It explores the complex authorial identities of playwrights who were also simultaneously poets and stage actors, roles which both in different ways created tensions with the role of playwright. Via an examination of the stage figure of Nobody which became popular at this time on the London stage, the paper suggests that filling the multiple roles of poet, playwright and player often led to a conflicted relationship with the idea of authorship. Metadramatic readings of the anonymous 1606 playbook Nobody and Somebody appear to support this suggestion, and to indicate that the figure of Nobody could be emblematic of the tensions and conflicts experienced by the player-playwright-poet at this time.

scholarly journals Application of telemedicine services based on a regional telemedicine platform in China from 2014 to 2020: Longitudinal Trend Analysis (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Cui ◽  
Xianying He ◽  
Yunkai Zhai ◽  
Minzhao Lyu ◽  
Jinming Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Senior Citizens ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Telemedicine System ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Primary Service ◽  
Remote Consultations

BACKGROUND Telemedicine, a typical application combining information technology and medical services, breaks the operational model of traditional medical services and brings new opportunities and challenges to the medical industry. China promotes telemedicine with great efforts, and its practices in the deployment of telemedicine platforms and delivery of services have become important references for the research and development of telemedicine globally. OBJECTIVE Our work described in this paper focuses on a regional telemedicine platform that was built in 2014. We analyzed the design scheme of the platform and remote consultations that were conducted via the telemedicine system to understand the deployment and service delivery processes of a typical telemedicine system in China. METHODS We collected information on remote consultations conducted from 2015 to 2020 via the regional telemedicine platform that employs a centralized architectural system model. We employed graphs and statistical methods to describe the changing trends of service volume of remote consultation, geographical and demographical distribution of patients, waiting time and duration of consultations. The factors that affect consultation duration and patient referral were analyzed by multiple linear regression models and binary logistic regression models, respectively. The attitudes towards telemedicine of 225 medical practitioners and 225 patients were collected using the snowball sampling method. RESULTS The development of telemedicine in China shows a growing trend, and medical institutions located in less developed regions and senior citizens are the primary service objects. Cases of remote consultations are mainly with chronic diseases. At present, the importance and necessity of telemedicine are well recognized by both patients and medical practitioners. However, the waiting time needs to be further reduced to improve the efficiency of remote medical services. CONCLUSIONS The development of telemedicine in China is showing a growing trend, and medical institutions located in less developed regions and senior citizens are the primary service objects. Cases of remote consultations are mainly with chronic diseases. At present, the importance and necessity of telemedicine are well recognized by both patients and medical practitioners. However, the waiting time needs to be further reduced to improve the efficiency of remote medical services. CLINICALTRIAL The research does not involve experiments.

scholarly journals A survey of Indonesian otolaryngologist behavior in medical service during the CoVid-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Zachreini ◽  
Jenny Bashiruddin ◽  
Susyana Tamin ◽  
Harim Priyono ◽  
Ika Dewi Mayangsari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Service ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Behavioral Level ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Health Organization

ABSTRACTBackground: World Health Organization (WHO) announced a newly discovered virus that first identified in Wuhan, China on December 2019, namely SARS-CoV-2 as the cause of corona virus disease (COVID-19) which had become global pandemic. Doctors as medical practitioners are categorized as vulnerable group to be infected by corona virus, and many otorhinolaryngologists had been infected and even died in performing medical services. Among the causative factors why otorhinolaryngologists could get infected by corona virus is their behavior. Purpose: To assess the behavioral level of otorhinolaryngologists in medical services during Covid-19 pandemic. Method: Descriptive study with a cross sectional design. Research samples were otorhinolaryngologists in Indonesia who met the inclusions criteria. The samples were selected by consecutive sampling method, and got obtained 1299 subjects. Behavioral level was assessed from 3 aspects: knowledge, attitude, and practice, which were comprised of 12 questions. Result: It was found that 461 respondents had a good behavioral level (35.5%), 677 respondents had moderate levels (52.1%) and 161 respondents had low level (12.4%). There was a statistically significant correlation between knowledge with behavioral level, attitude with behavioral level, and practice with behavioral level (p=0.001). Conclusion: The study of behavioral level of otorhinolaryngologists in medical service during Covid-19 pandemic obtained the highest number was moderate level 677 respondents (57.2%), and there was a statistically significant correlations between the variable of knowledge with behavioral level, the variable of attitude with behavioral level, and the variable of practice with behavioral level (p=0.001).

The Growth of Medical Tourism

2015 ◽  
pp. 365-378
Author(s):  
Jerry Eades
Keyword(s):  
Medical Tourism ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Travel Agents ◽  
Massive Growth ◽  
Wellness Tourism ◽  
The Developed Countries

In the late 2000s, the author wrote a summary paper on the rise of medical tourism. That paper discussed the rapid growth of interest in medical, health and wellness tourism, especially since 2003. The medical tourism industry has a long history, but this massive growth is a new phenomenon. The important factors are: the changing distribution of medical services and technologies; the growth of interest among both local medical practitioners and travel agents; the packaging of tourism and medical services as a single product; and, most significantly, the availability of the Internet to disseminate information them, creating a global market. The present chapter considers first the burgeoning literature on medical tourism. Second, the processes of development in countries becoming the main players in the international provision of medical services are discussed. Third, the chapter looks at the debates surrounding the rise of medical tourism in the developed countries.

Gender

Yiddish ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 59-70
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Shandler
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Multiple Roles ◽  
Yiddish Literature ◽  
Gendered Language ◽  
Gender Binary ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Symbolic Value ◽  
Third Gender

This chapter examines the multiple roles that gender plays in Yiddish, beginning with its grammar. Yiddish has often been conceptualized as a gendered language, whether in its instrumental use or in its symbolic value, given that Yiddish is always used in relation to other languages. In particular, women have figured strategically in the development of Yiddish literature, both in the early modern period and during the Haskalah. In the modern period, Yiddish has sometimes been characterized as essentially “feminine” in contrast with Hebrew as “masculine.” Yiddish has also been used to disrupt a heteronormative gender binary, whether articulating a third gender in traditional Jewish literacy or the recent phenomenon of Queer Yiddishkeit.

Explanatory dictionary of key terms in toxicology (IUPAC Recommendations 2007)

2007 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1583-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Nordberg ◽  
John H. Duffus ◽  
Douglas M. Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Full Description ◽  
International Level ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Regulatory Authorities ◽  
Linguistic Barriers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Key Terms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Common Understanding

The objective of the "Explanatory Dictionary of Key Terms in Toxicology" is to give full explanations of the meaning of toxicological terms chosen for their importance and complexity from the point of merging chemistry and toxicology. This requires a full description of the underlying concepts, going beyond a normal dictionary definition. Often linguistic barriers lead to problems in obtaining a common understanding of terminology at the international level and between disciplines. The explanatory comments should help to break down such barriers. The dictionary consists of about 68 terms chosen from the IUPAC "Glossary of Terms Used in Toxicokinetics" organized under 22 main headings. The authors hope that among the groups which will find this explanatory dictionary helpful are chemists, pharmacologists, toxicologists, risk assessors, regulators, medical practitioners, regulatory authorities, and everyone with an interest in the relationship of chemistry to toxicology. It should also facilitate the use of chemistry in relation to risk assessment.

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