Lhx2, a vertebrate homologue of apterous, regulates vertebrate limb outgrowth

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (20) ◽  
pp. 3925-3934 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rodriguez-Esteban ◽  
J.W. Schwabe ◽  
J.D. Pena ◽  
D.E. Rincon-Limas ◽  
J. Magallon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Wing Development ◽  
Dorsoventral Axis ◽  
Drosophila Wing ◽  
Vertebrate Limb ◽  
Limb Outgrowth ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Dorsal Cell Fate

apterous specifies dorsal cell fate and directs outgrowth of the wing during Drosophila wing development. Here we show that, in vertebrates, these functions appear to be performed by two separate proteins. Lmx-1 is necessary and sufficient to specify dorsal identity and Lhx2 regulates limb outgrowth. Our results suggest that Lhx2 is closer to apterous than Lmx-1, yet, in vertebrates, Lhx2 does not specify dorsal cell fate. This implies that in vertebrates, unlike Drosophila, limb outgrowth can be dissociated from the establishment of the dorsoventral axis.

scholarly journals msh specifies dorsal cell fate in the Drosophila wing

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (17) ◽  
pp. 3263-3268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Milán ◽  
Ulrich Weihe ◽  
Stanley Tiong ◽  
Welcome Bender ◽  
Stephen M. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Imaginal Disc ◽  
Homeobox Gene ◽  
Wing Imaginal Disc ◽  
Wing Development ◽  
Drosophila Wing ◽  
Compartment Boundary ◽  
Signaling Center ◽  
Dorsal Cells ◽  
Dorsal Cell Fate

Drosophila limbs develop from imaginal discs that are subdivided into compartments. Dorsal-ventral subdivision of the wing imaginal disc depends on apterous activity in dorsal cells. Apterous protein is expressed in dorsal cells and is responsible for (1) induction of a signaling center along the dorsal-ventral compartment boundary (2) establishment of a lineage restriction boundary between compartments and (3) specification of dorsal cell fate. Here, we report that the homeobox gene msh (muscle segment homeobox) acts downstream of apterous to confer dorsal identity in wing development.

A molecular basis for transdetermination in Drosophila imaginal discs: interactions between wingless and decapentaplegic signaling

Development ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
L. Maves ◽  
G. Schubiger
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Wing Development ◽  
Downstream Target ◽  
Leg Development ◽  
Disc Cells ◽  
Targeted Expression ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

We are investigating how Drosophila imaginal disc cells establish and maintain their appendage-specific determined states. We have previously shown that ectopic expression of wingless (wg) induces leg disc cells to activate expression of the wing marker Vestigial (Vg) and transdetermine to wing cells. Here we show that ectopic wg expression non-cell-autonomously induces Vg expression in leg discs and that activated Armadillo, a cytosolic transducer of the Wg signal, cell-autonomously induces Vg expression in leg discs, indicating that this Vg expression is directly activated by Wg signaling. We find that ubiquitous expression of wg in leg discs can induce only dorsal leg disc cells to express Vg and transdetermine to wing. Dorsal leg disc cells normally express high levels of decapentaplegic (dpp) and its downstream target, optomotor-blind (omb). We find that high levels of dpp expression, which are both necessary and sufficient for dorsal leg development, are required for wg-induced transdetermination. We show that dorsalization of ventral leg disc cells, through targeted expression of either dpp or omb, is sufficient to allow wg to induce Vg expression and wing fate. Thus, dpp and omb promote both dorsal leg cell fate as well as transdetermination-competent leg disc cells. Taken together, our results show that the Wg and Dpp signaling pathways cooperate to induce Vg expression and leg-towing transdetermination. We also show that a specific vg regulatory element, the vg boundary enhancer, is required for transdetermination. We propose that an interaction between Wg and Dpp signaling can explain why leg disc cells transdetermine to wing and that our results have implications for normal leg and wing development.

scholarly journals Correction: Dorsal cell fate specified by chick Lmx1 during vertebrate limb development

Nature ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 379 (6568) ◽  
pp. 848-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Vogel ◽  
Concepción Rodriguez ◽  
Wayne Warnken ◽  
Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Vertebrate Limb ◽  
Vertebrate Limb Development ◽  
Dorsal Cell Fate

Dorsal cell fate specified by chick Lmxl during vertebrate limb development

Nature ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 378 (6558) ◽  
pp. 716-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Vogel ◽  
Concepción Rodriguez ◽  
Wayne Warnken ◽  
Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Limb Development ◽  
Vertebrate Limb ◽  
Vertebrate Limb Development ◽  
Dorsal Cell Fate

Expression of a mutant maize gene in the ventral leaf epidermis is sufficient to signal a switch of the leaf’s dorsoventral axis

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (19) ◽  
pp. 4581-4589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Nelson ◽  
Barbara Lane ◽  
Michael Freeling
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Dorsoventral Patterning ◽  
Abaxial Epidermis ◽  
Dorsoventral Axis ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Opposite Leaf ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient

Maize leaves are initiated from the shoot apex with an inherent leaf dorsoventral polarity; the leaf surface closest to the meristem is the adaxial (upper, dorsal) surface whereas the opposite leaf surface is the abaxial (lower, ventral) surface. The Rolled leaf1 (Rld1) semi-dominant maize mutations affect dorsoventral patterning by causing adaxialization of abaxial leaf regions. This adaxialization is sometimes associated with abaxialization of the adaxial leaf regions, which constitutes a ‘switch’. Dosage analysis indicates Rld1 mutants are antimorphs. We mapped Rld1’s action to a single cell layer using a mosaic analysis and show Rld1 acts non cell-autonomously along the dorsoventral axis. The presence of Rld1 mutant product in the abaxial epidermis is necessary and sufficient to induce the Rolled leaf1 phenotype within the lower epidermis as well as in other leaf layers along the dorsoventral axis. These results support a model for the involvement of wild-type RLD1 in the maintenance of dorsoventral features of the leaf. In addition, they demonstrate the abaxial epidermis sends/receives a cell fate determining signal to/from the adaxial epidermis and controls the dorsoventral patterning of the maize leaf.

scholarly journals Proteolytic processing of palmitoylated Hedgehog peptides specifies the 3-4 intervein region of the Drosophila wing

eLife ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Schürmann ◽  
Georg Steffes ◽  
Dominique Manikowski ◽  
Philipp Kastl ◽  
Ursula Malkus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Proteolytic Processing ◽  
Wing Development ◽  
Cell Fate Determination ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Drosophila Wing ◽  
Direct Patterning ◽  
Processing Site ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Morphogen Transport

Cell fate determination during development often requires morphogen transport from producing to distant responding cells. Hedgehog (Hh) morphogens present a challenge to this concept, as all Hhs are synthesized as terminally lipidated molecules that form insoluble clusters at the surface of producing cells. While several proposed Hh transport modes tie directly into these unusual properties, the crucial step of Hh relay from producing cells to receptors on remote responding cells remains unresolved. Using wing development in Drosophila melanogaster as a model, we show that Hh relay and direct patterning of the 3–4 intervein region strictly depend on proteolytic removal of lipidated N-terminal membrane anchors. Site-directed modification of the N-terminal Hh processing site selectively eliminated the entire 3–4 intervein region, and additional targeted removal of N-palmitate restored its formation. Hence, palmitoylated membrane anchors restrict morphogen spread until site-specific processing switches membrane-bound Hh into bioactive forms with specific patterning functions.

The limb identity gene Tbx5 promotes limb initiation by interacting with Wnt2b and Fgf10

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (22) ◽  
pp. 5161-5170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Ng ◽  
Yasuhiko Kawakami ◽  
Dirk Büscher ◽  
Ángel Raya ◽  
Tohru Itoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Limb Development ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
T Box ◽  
Vertebrate Limb ◽  
Limb Outgrowth ◽  
Tbx5 Expression ◽  
Necessary And Sufficient ◽  
Limb Initiation

A major gap in our knowledge of development is how the growth and identity of tissues and organs are linked during embryogenesis. The vertebrate limb is one of the best models to study these processes. Combining mutant analyses with gain- and loss-of-function approaches in zebrafish and chick embryos, we show that Tbx5, in addition to its role governing forelimb identity,is both necessary and sufficient for limb outgrowth. We find thatTbx5 functions downstream of WNT signaling to regulateFgf10, which, in turn, maintains Tbx5 expression during limb outgrowth. Furthermore, our results indicate that Tbx5 andWnt2b function together to initiate and specify forelimb outgrowth and identity. The molecular interactions governed by members of the T-box,Wnt and Fgf gene families uncovered in this study provide a framework for understanding not only limb development, but how outgrowth and identity of other tissues and organs of the embryo may be regulated.

Daughters against dpp modulates dpp organizing activity in Drosophila wing development

Nature ◽  
10.1038/39362 ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 389 (6651) ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhide Tsuneizumi ◽  
Takuya Nakayama ◽  
Yuko Kamoshida ◽  
Thomas B. Kornberg ◽  
Jan L. Christian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wing Development ◽  
Drosophila Wing

The Sox-domain containing geneDichaete/fish-hookacts in concert withvndandindto regulate cell fate in theDrosophilaneuroectoderm

Development ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 129 (5) ◽  
pp. 1165-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyan Zhao ◽  
James B. Skeath
Keyword(s):  
Cell Fate ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Ventral Nerve Cord ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Dorsoventral Axis ◽  
Mutant Analysis ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Important Regulator

In the Drosophila embryonic central nervous system, neural stem cells, called neuroblasts, acquire fates in a position-specific manner. Recent work has identified a set of genes that functions along the dorsoventral axis to enable neuroblasts that develop in different dorsoventral domains to acquire distinct fates. These genes include the evolutionarily conserved transcription factors ventral nerve cord defective and intermediate neuroblasts defective, as well as the Drosophila EGF receptor. We show that the Sox-domain-containing gene Dichaete/fish-hook also plays a crucial role to pattern the neuroectoderm along the DV axis. Dichaete is expressed in the medial and intermediate columns of the neuroectoderm, and mutant analysis indicates that Dichaete regulates cell fate and neuroblast formation in these domains. Molecular epistasis tests, double mutant analysis and dosage-sensitive interactions demonstrate that during these processes, Dichaete functions in parallel with ventral nerve cord defective and intermediate neuroblasts defective, and downstream of EGF receptor signaling to mediate its effect on development. These results identify Dichaete as an important regulator of dorsoventral pattern in the neuroectoderm, and indicate that Dichaete acts in concert with ventral nerve cord defective and intermediate neuroblasts defective to regulate pattern and cell fate in the neuroectoderm.

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