Correcting the Genetically Determined Sterility of WvWv Male Mice

Development ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-427
Author(s):  
Giorgio Veneroni ◽  
Angelo Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Male Mouse ◽  
Tunica Albuginea ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Morphological Aspect ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Macrocytic Anaemia ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Homozygous Condition ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Genetically Determined

In the house-mouse the factor Wv (viable allele of the W-locus) has been described by Little & Cloudman (1937). The Wv factor, in homozygous condition, causes a typical macrocytic anaemia, a white coat with black eyes, and almost always sterility both in males and in females. The testes are small, with a thickened tunica albuginea. While the interstitial tissue is increased, the tubules contain few or no seminiferous cells. The pituitaries have been reported by Fekete, Little, & Cloudman (1941) as slightly enlarged and hyperaemic: ‘the eosinophils (α-cells) seemed to predominate and enlarged vacuolated basophils were not present’. However, Veneroni (unpublished) did not find significant differences between the pituitary glands of six normal and five WVWV males, as regards the size of the gland, the frequency of the α-cells, and the morphological aspect of the β-cells. Few experiments have been performed in order to correct pharmacologically the sterility of the WvWv male mouse (Bianchi & Manera, 1953).

XI.—The Effects of Implantation upon Ovarian Grafts in the Male Mouse

1928 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 148-164
Author(s):  
Y. Tamura
Keyword(s):  
Male Mouse ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Interstitial Tissue ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Follicular Cells ◽  
Ovarian Structure ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Ovarian Graft ◽  
Time Of Operation

SummaryI. A series of experiments is described in which ovaries from litter sisters at the age of from 8 to 20 weeks old were grafted on to the surface of the kidney of male mice.II. The grafts were examined at periods varying from 10 to 35 days after operation. It was found that in the majority of cases the graft had retained the typical ovarian structure; in one case corpora lutea were present (35 days after transplantation).III. It is suggested that the survival of the graft is dependent primarily upon its vascularisation, and secondarily upon the degree of activity of the germinal epithelium.IV. It is assumed that if the germinal epithelium is unimpaired it proliferates; proliferation occurs first sometime before the 10th day, and continues until the graft has attained the stage at which it was at the time of operation.V. The original large follicles begin to degenerate soon after transplantation; the medium-sized and small ones develop for a certain period of time, but afterwards also undergo degeneration.VI. Graafian follicles undergo degeneration at various stages of development.VII. Interstitial tissue appears to be derived from the follicular cells of the atretic, or more probably of the primary and medium-sized anovular follicles.VIII. It is concluded that the presence of the testis does not affect the vitality of the ovarian graft.

The Effect of the Injection of Alcohol into the Male Mouse Upon the Secondary Sex Ratio Among the Offspring

1928 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-186
Author(s):  
A. C. CHAUDHURI
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Male Mouse ◽  
Subcutaneous Injection ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Secondary Sex Ratio ◽  
Significant Disturbance

The subcutaneous injection of alcohol into male mice is followed by a significant disturbance of the sex ratio among their offspring.

Galanin gene expression in radiothyroidectomy-induced thyrotroph adenomas

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. E24-E30
Author(s):  
J. F. Hyde ◽  
J. P. Moore ◽  
K. W. Drake ◽  
D. G. Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Positive Regulators ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Axis ◽  
Iodine 131

Galanin gene expression is markedly increased in the anterior pituitary glands of estrogen-treated rats (lactotroph hyperplasia) as well as human growth hormone-releasing hormone transgenic mice (somatotroph hyperplasia). The objective of this study was to examine galanin in a mouse model of thyrotroph adenoma formation. Male mice were radiothyroidectomized by use of iodine-131 (131I), and galanin peptide levels were assessed in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Immunoreactive galanin concentrations in the anterior pituitaries of 131I-treated mice were decreased 80% at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo after radiothyroidectomy. Galanin peptide levels in the hypothalamus were decreased 20-25% at these times. Treatment with either estradiol or 3,3',5-triiodo-L-thyronine increased galanin peptide concentrations in the anterior pituitaries of 131I-treated mice, but neither treatment restored galanin concentrations. Galanin mRNA levels were decreased > 80% 1 yr after radiothyroidectomy. We conclude that, unlike animal models of lactotroph and somatotroph hyperplasia, galanin gene expression is suppressed throughout the development of thyrotroph adenomas, suggesting that galanin does not have a stimulatory role in the proliferation of thyrotrophs. Moreover, these data show that thyroid hormones are important positive regulators of galanin gene expression in the mouse and that estrogen may stimulate galanin gene expression in the absence of thyroid hormones.

scholarly journals Urine from Sexually Mature Intact Male Mice Contributes to Increased Cardiovascular Responses during Free-Roaming and Restrained Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexter L. Lee ◽  
Justin L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Male Mouse ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Sexually Mature

Pheromones in the urine regulate aggression of male mice and castrated males produce less of these pheromones. We tested the hypothesis that pheromones in the urine of sexually mature-intact (SMI) males placed in the cage bedding of an individually housed male mouse or in a mouse restrainer would contribute to a significant increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and activity. Sexually mature male C57BL/6 mice were implanted with a biotelemetry transmitter to measure MAP, HR, and activity. Urine (200 μL) from SMI mice placed in the cages of singularly housed male mice caused significant changes above baseline values for MAP (21±4 mmHg), HR (145±25 bpm), and activity (9±2 counts) when compared to urine from castrated mice-induced MAP (11±3 mmHg), HR (70±15 bpm), and activity (5±1 counts). Pretreatment with terazosin significantly reduced the change in MAP (9±3 mmHg), heart rate (90±15 bpm), and activity (4±2 counts) responses to urine from SMI males. Saline did not significantly increase MAP, HR, or activity in any group. During restraint, urine from SMI mice caused a significant change in MAP (5±0.4 mmHg) and HR (17±1 bpm); urine from castrated mice did not cause a significant increase in MAP and HR. Our results demonstrate that a significant increase in MAP, HR, and activity occurs when male mice are exposed to urine pheromones from SMI males. In summary, pheromones in the urine of SMI male excreted in the cage bedding and mouse restrainers contribute to a significant increase in cardiovascular responses in the absence of direct physical contact with a different male mouse or animal handler.

scholarly journals Female mice respond to male ultrasonic ‘songs’ with approach behaviour

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hammerschmidt ◽  
K. Radyushkin ◽  
H. Ehrenreich ◽  
J. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Male Mouse ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Ultrasonic Vocalizations ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Playback Experiments ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
And Function ◽  
Female Responses ◽  
Artificial Control

The ultrasonic vocalizations of mice are attracting increasing attention, because they have been recognized as an informative readout in genetically modified strains. In addition, the observation that male mice produce elaborate sequences of ultrasonic vocalizations (‘song’) when exposed to female mice or their scents has sparked a debate as to whether these sounds are—in terms of their structure and function—analogous to bird song. We conducted playback experiments with cycling female mice to explore the function of male mouse songs. Using a place preference design, we show that these vocalizations elicited approach behaviour in females. In contrast, the playback of whistle-like artificial control sounds did not evoke approach responses. Surprisingly, the females also did not respond to pup isolation calls. In addition, female responses did not vary in relation to reproductive cycle, i.e. whether they were in oestrus or not. Furthermore, our data revealed a rapid habituation of subjects to the experimental situation, which stands in stark contrast to other species' responses to courtship vocalizations. Nevertheless, our results clearly demonstrate that male mouse songs elicit females' interest.

Type 3 form of MODY: the clinical and molecular-genetic characteristic. Nine cases of the disease

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
N A Zubkova ◽  
N Yu Arbatskaya ◽  
E E Petryaikina ◽  
O A Malievsky ◽  
A N Tulpakov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Genetic Characteristic ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Pancreatic Β Cells ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Nuclear Transcription Factor ◽  
Monogenic Forms Of Diabetes ◽  
Genetically Determined ◽  
Type 3

Monogenic forms of diabetes mellitus make up a group of rare pathologies associated with various forms of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. This group includes genetically determined dysfunction of pancreatic Β-cells and/or factors participating in glucose metabolism. Mutations in the HNFIA gene encoding for the nuclear transcription factor are responsible for the development of MODY3, one of the most widespread forms of monogenic diabetes mellitus. We present the description of the cases of MODY3 caused by mutations in the HNFIA gene reported from this country.

Role of the ovary in sexual differentiation of lactotrophs and somatotrophs in the mouse adenohypophysis: a stereological morphometric study by electron microscopy

1983 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sasaki ◽  
M. Sano
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Sexual Differentiation ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Normal Males

To study the effect of the ovary on sexual differentiation of somatotrophs and lactotrophs, the anterior pituitary glands of castrated adult male mice which had received an ovarian transplant during postnatal development were studied using a stereological morphometric technique with an electron microscope. In adult male mice which were castrated neonatally and given ovarian transplants at the age of puberty (NCT-males), the ovaries contained follicles and corpora lutea. The percentages (∼40) and numbers (∼2 × 105) of lactotrophs were similar in normal dioestrous females and NCT-males, but were higher than the percentage (9·3) and number (4·6 × 104) in normal males. Ovarian grafts in adult male mice which were simultaneously castrated and given an ovarian transplant just before puberty (PCT-males) contained numerous follicles of various sizes but no corpora lutea. The percentage (46·8) and number (3·9 × 105) of lactotrophs were greater in these mice than in dioestrous females. The percentage of somatotrophs in NCT-males (34·7) was less than in normal males (52·6), but was similar to that in dioestrous female mice (37·4). The percentage of somatotrophs in PCT-males (27·4) was less than in normal male and dioestrous female mice. These data indicate that lactotrophs and somatotrophs differentiate to the female phenotype when a cyclically functional ovary is present after puberty.

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